高考英语《七选五型》阅读理解

1、 高考英语七选五型阅读理解（黑、吉、辽、陕、宁、琼、京 使用）七选五常考题型（1） 主旨题: 考查考生对文章的整体理解和把握。（2） 逻辑关系题: 因果条件、表达条件关系的词汇衔接手段（3） 例证题: 文章中举出一些例子无非是为了说明一定的道理。因此是解题的关键， 要特别关注。(4) 定义题: 定义题的出现往往与文章结构有关系， 多出现在段首。题型特点： （1）这种题型的命题形式是给考生一篇字数在200-300单词的短文，有目的地在文章中去除5处信息，形成5处信息空缺，提供总共7个备选选项(待选信息)，要求考生选出5个合适的选项对应地填入原文中的5处空缺，从而将原文恢复成一篇完整的文章。 （2

2、）注重考查学生的逻辑思维能力。新题型要求考生具备词汇、句子、语段、语篇的知识，同时具有综合、分析、归纳的逻辑思维能力。 （3）题材新颖。具有时代气息与学生的学习经历和生活经历相适应。题型分析与解题步骤：1. 不必要先浏览文章，因为文章缺乏信息， 内容不完整。2由于选项是要填入空缺处的目标，这样有了对目标的把握，就可以“以目标为导向的”去阅读文章。 3. 浏览选项，划出关键词、主题词。如人名、地名等。 4. 观察文章已给信息与后面7个选项中所给信息之间的关系。 5.要特别注意空格前段落结尾部分以及空格后段落开始部分出现的关键词(名词、动词、连词、数词、冠词等)， 6. 检查恢复后的文章是不是在整

3、体上具有连贯性和一致性。 主题参考根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。71 such as runny noses, sore throats, nothing quite like the common cold to make you feel miserablebut experts believe that there is no link between cold weather and catching colds 72internal medicine expert, dr meenakshi jain of max hospital

4、 says, “one reason could be that people are likely to stay indoors, so the virus can spread easily 73 ”the common cold is a viral infection that can be caused by any of up to 250 strains of virus, the most common group of which are the rhinovirus that hit the nose74 “they are transmitted through the

5、 nose respiratory passages, by touch, and by contact with airborne particles that are created by sneezing or coughing,” says dr jainthere is no cure for the common cold and antibiotics are of no helphowever, there are some precautions which can help:75 in this case, you can protect your hands from g

6、etting germsdont touch your eyes, nose and mouth, which can limit your chances of infectiondont share drinking glasses or utensils with anyone as this will prevent the spread of the virusmake sure to eat enough fruits to boost your immune systemaalso the virus thrives in humiditybdrink lots of fluid

7、s to avoid dehydrationcthey are responsible for anywhere between a third and half of all common coldsdget enough sleep and youll certainly feel bettereso why are we particularly vulnerable（脆弱的） this season？fwash your hands regularlygits winter and you have probably noticed germs are everywhere答案：717

8、5 geacf根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。a 70 magnitude（级）earthquake killed more than 230,000 people in haitithen an 88 magnitude quake killed more than 900 people in chileand few weeks later, a 60 magnitude quake struck rural eastern turkey, killing at least 57 peoplethe earthquakes kept c

9、oming hard and fast 71 its notthe problem is whats happening above ground, not underground, experts say72 theyre rapidly putting up buildings that cant stand up to earth quakes, scientists believerand news reports and better earthquake monitoring make it seem as if earth quakes are increasing all th

10、e timeon average, there are 134 earthquakes a year that have a magnitude between 60 and 69so far this year there have been 40 earthquakesmore than in most years for that time periodbut thats because the 88 quake in chile caused a large number of strong aftershocksalso, its not the number of quakes,

11、but their destructive effects that gain attentionthe death is largely due to building standards, 73 paul earle, a us seismologist, called for better building standards in the worlds big citiesof the 130 cities worldwide with populations of more than i million, more than half are likely to be hit by

12、earthquakes 74 “if you have a problem feeding yourself, youre not really going to worry about earthquakes,” said paulthe earthquakes made everyone start to think 75 “people are paying attention to the violent planet were always lived oncome back an another six moths if there has been no earthquakes,

13、 most people will have forgotten it again,” said us disaster researcher dennis miletiabut it wont lastbmore people are moving into big citiescearthquakes dont kill people, buildings dodthere have been more deaths overt the past decade from earthquakesemany people began to wonder if something terribl

14、e is happening undergroundfwhile it seems as if the are more earthquakes occurring, there really arentgbut developing nations with growing populations dont pay attention to earthquake preparedness答案：7175 ebcga根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。getting your children to study can be a little like

15、 getting them to eat their vegetables_71_ make a study time and have it at the same time every daythis will help your kid to learn to schedule their day and will give them a sense of control over how they spend their timeallow them to study in block of time, such as for half an hour with a five-minu

16、te break in the middle_72_ ideal （理想的） study times are after dinner or right after school before dinner never allow your children to study in front of the television, as that will encourage passive activity_73_74_ youll also need to help your kids find the right place to studyafter youve set up a go

17、od study time for little learners, set up a good place where they can get those creative juices flowing make sure there is a table or a desk and a comfortable chair_75_ this includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being there for them with the answers to any questionsthe input yo

18、u give your children during study periods will help form a bond and help make studying enjoyableapick a place where your children can study properlybhold them to the schedule they create for themselvescfinally, spend time with your kids when theyre studyingdkeep the atmosphere light and offer lots o

19、f encouragement, tooeinstead, use tv as a treat or a reward when the homework is completedftry to stop this bad habit by offering some sort of rewardgone of the best ways to from good study habits for your kids is to design a schedule that they keep to答案：71-75 gbeac 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有

20、两项为多余选项。now it is job hunting season againthe job fairs flood with hundreds and thousands of 2011 graduate studentsowing to the global financial crests, most of the graduate students admit that job hunting is not that easy and longerit is always a painful process for college students to find jobs 71

21、 however, job positions are quite limitedin order to get a job, the candidates should be more competitive than ever beforea chinese expert predicted that the job hunting pressure in china, with a rocketing increase in the active labor force, would reach its climax in 2006, yet, this situation contin

22、ues in 2010in order to transfer the human resources that are more than needed or wanted to the less developed areas in china, the government has tried to launch a series of policies to help release the pressure 72 73 a higher education may be more helpful to find a good job in the future, while the

23、temptation of an exciting job and the strong will of being a “real” adult urge the youth to slep into socially earlyfor example, when an undergraduate mechanical science and technology major at a famous university is preparing for his postgraduate exam, he receives an offer from a big foreign compan

24、y one day 74 anyway, it is really tough to prepare for the postgraduate examination75 this is a tough time and everyone should have some shining points to win the employers favoras products of universities, college students are expected to be first-rate talents and should step into the excellent gro

25、up in the society however, these students may achieve unexpected success in the fields where their professional knowledge functions to its maximizationamost probably, he is so excited that he decides to quit the exam next yearbalmost everyone worries about the result of the postgraduate examinationc

26、“survival of the fittest” darwins evolution theory appears in the personnel marketdwith many colleges enlarged in recent years, large numbers of graduates need to hunt jobsewhats more, financial support is provided to encourage the graduates to start their own careerfto go on with further education

27、or to find a job is one of the hardest decisions for the graduate students to make nowgcompetition for a job would be fierce as graduates this year will have to join the job hunting group from previous years答案：7175 defac根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将该项填写在答题卡指定的位置。选项中有两项为多余选项。(一) 71 weve worked to m

28、ake their streets and their schools safer, to give them something positive to do after school and before their parents get home. weve worked to teach our children that drugs are dangerous, illegal and wrong.today, i want to talk to you about the historic opportunity we now have to protect our nation

29、s children from an even more deadly threat. 72 smoking kills more people every day than aids, alcohol, car accidents, murders, drugs and fires combined. nearly 90% of those smokers lit their first cigarette before they turned 18. consider this: 3,000 children start to smoke every day illegally, and

30、1,000 of them will die sooner because of it. 73 for more than five years weve worked to stop our children from smoking before they begin to try, starting a nationwide campaign to educate them about the dangers of smoking to reduce their access to tobacco products, and to restrict tobacco companies f

31、rom advertising to young people. 74 that means if we act now, we have it in our power to stop three million children from smoking and save a million lives as a result. so this is an emergency that needs quick action of all of you. 75 .asince i took office, ive done much to protect our children from

32、harm.bthis is a national tragedy（悲剧）that every american should help to prevent.cthe quicker action we take, the fewer teen smokers there will be.dwe have to educate them about the dangers of smoking.eit is smoking that is more terrible than drugs.fcompared with other diseases, drugs kill more people

33、 every day.gif we do these, well cut teen smoking by almost half over the next five years.参考答案：7175 a e b g c（二）lately, there is a rising trend in families choosing to homeschool their child than send their child to a traditional educational institution. lets look at some of the benefits of homescho

34、oling. 1. flexible schedule homeschooling enables a flexible schedule. 71 with homeschooling, your child can start homeschooling at 9 am or later depending on your preferred schedule. you can schedule your childs homeschooling education as you see fit with materials or subjects that may be not avail

35、able in a traditional school. 2. individual attention with homeschooling, your child gets all the individual attention. for example, if your child is weak in maths, you could devote more time and energy to teaching maths. your childs homeschooling schedule can be adjusted for that. for example, if y

36、our child is better at science than at maths, simply devote more homeschooling hours to maths and cut back on science. with homeschooling, the choice is yours. 72 3. family activity the schooling of the child can become an extended family activity. examples are field trips and experiments. plus, the

37、 child also receives more quality time with his/her parents. 73 the child is also free of any negative peer pressure or influences. 4. 74 with homeschooling, the child does not need to prove his/her abilities to other children. parents are able to plan the learning program according to his strengths

38、 and weakness. parents can also change the curriculum to suit the learning style of the child. 75 some children even learn better from experiencing or seeing things in action.a. no peer pressure b. religion learningc. traditional schools cant do that.d. there is more time for family bonding. e. for

39、example, the child neednt wake up at 7 every morning.f. plus, it is quite impossible to provide individual attention to all students.g. for example, some children learn better from reading while others need to write.参考答案：7175 ecdag （三）the internet has opened up a whole new online world for us to mee

40、t ,chat and go where weve never been before.but just as in face to face communication , there are some rules of behavior that should be followed when on line. 71 imagine how youd feel if you were in the other persons shoes.for anything youre about to send: ask yourself , “ would i say this to the pe

41、rsons face ?”if the answer is no , rewrite and reread . 72 if someone the chat room is rude to you , your instinct(本能) is to fire back in the same manner .but try not to do so. 73 if it was caused by a disagreement with another member, try to fix the situation by politely discussing it. remember to

42、respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room. 74 offer advice when asked by newcomers, as they may not be sure what to do or how to communicate.when someone makes a mistake, whether its a stupid question or an unnecessarily long answer,be kind about it. if its a small mistake,you may

43、not need to say anything. even if you feel strongly about it, think twice before saying anything. having good manners yourself doesnt give you license to correct everyone else. 75 at the same time, if you find you are wrong , be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended.

44、 it is not polite to ask others personal questions such as their age, sex and marital status. unless you know the person very well, and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information, dont ask such questions.a. its atural that there some people who speak rudely or make mistake online.b.

45、repeat the process till you feel sure that youd feel comfortable saying the words to the persons face.c. everyone was new to the network once.d. the basic rule is simple : treat others in the same way you would want to be treated.e. when you send short messages to a person online, you must say somet

46、hing beautiful to hear.f. you should either ignore the person, or use your chat software to block their messages.g. if you do decide to tell someone about a mistake,point it out politely.7175 dbfcg （四）tuvalu, a tiny country in the pacific ocean, has asked for help as it fears it will be swallowed up

47、 by the sea.storms and huge waves are a constant threat and none of tuvalus nine little islands is more than five meters above sea level, salt water is already entering the countrys drinking water supply, as well as damaging plants that produce fruit and vegetable. _71_72_. venice, a historic city i

48、n italy best known for its canals, has sunk about 24 cm over the past 100 years. experts say that it will have sunk another 20-50cm by 2050. a century ago, st. marks square, the lowest point in the city, flooded about nine times a year, nowadays, it happens more than 100 times. while venice is slowl

49、y sinking into the mud on which it stands, tuvalus rising sea level is caused by global warming.the average global temperature has increased by almost 0.5 centigrade degrees over the past century; scientists expect it to rise by extra 1-3 degrees over the next 100 years.warmer weather makes glaciers

50、（冰川）melt, adding more water to the ocean. the warmer temperatures also make water expand, so it takes up more space, causing the sea level to rise. the sea level has risen about 1025 cm in the last 100 years._73_. through burning coal, oil and gas, people have been increasing the greenhouse gases in

51、 the atmosphere, such as co2. this adds to the power of the greenhouse effect, making the planet even warmer.many scientists believe that, if the warming is not stopped, there will be huge climate changes. _74_._75_, the sea will swallow up millions of homes and the world will be flooded with “clima

52、te refugees” looking for somewhere to live.a. the main cause of global warming is human pollutionb. should this come truec. without urgent help, the countrys days are numbered.d. but tuvalu is not the first place to face sinking into the seae. the sea level could rise by one meter this centuryf. peo

53、ple face a lot of pollutiong. much has been done about our planet 参考答案：71-75 cdaeb （五） texting（发信息）may be preferred over phone calling by many young people, but too much text messaging may increase the risk of neck or shoulder pain, a new study shows. judith gold, an assistant professor of epidemiol

54、ogy（流行病）at temple universitys college of health professions and social work, presented evidence at this years meeting of the american public health association, saying that college students texted more, and they reported more pain in their necks and shoulders. she says in a news report that most peo

55、ple aged 18 to 21 prefer texting rather than email or phone calls. 71 “what weve seen so far is very similar to what we see with office workers whove spent most of their time at a computer,” gold says. “the way the body is positioned for texting - firmly fixed shoulders and back with rapidly moving

56、fingers - is similar to the position for typing on a computer.”“ 72 its the age group that texts the most, so its important to know what the health effects may be to learn whether it will cause long-term damage,” she says in a news report. gold and colleagues conducted a study of 138 college student

57、s to see if relations exist between the number of text messages sent per day and pain in the upper body. they used body maps for the students to indicate areas of discomfort. 73 the number of text messages is so big that they were surprised at it.the researchers say they found an association, only in male participants, between shoulder discomfort and the number of messa