新标准大学英语课后答案

1、Unit 1 Act 11. clash n. & v. a fight or battle between two groups of people; a very angry argument between two people or groupsComplete the sentences with appropriate prepositions.(1) Yesterday saw violent clashes _between_ police and protesters.(2) The prime minister faces a clash _with_ business l

2、eaders tomorrow.(3) His T-shirt clashes _with_ his shorts.(4) A lot of problems have been caused by a clash _of_ cultures.Do you know why many bands break up?Because of personality clashes between musicians.2. establishment n. (1) the most important and powerful people in a country or in a section o

3、f society(2) the process of starting or creating something such as an organizationFigure out the meaning of underlined words.(1) The literary establishment generally looks down on artists.文学界权威 (2) John was eager to establish good relations with the business community. 与建立良好关系(3)Reagan quickly estab

4、lished himself as a promising film actor. 使自己成为(4)Its an old established family firm. 老牌的3. passion n. a powerful emotion such as love or angerTranslate the following sentences.(1) 他酷爱古典音乐。He has a passion for classical music.(2) He spoke with great passion about the plight of the refugees.他慷慨激昂地讲述了

5、难民们的困境。4. protest n. & v. (1) a strong complaint or disagreement (2) something such as a meeting by people who strongly disagree with a policy, law etc. Figure out the meaning of underlined words.(1)The organization has made a formal protest against the nuclear testing. 抗议 We cannot pass this matter

6、 by without protest. 不反对地 The decision raised/provoked a storm of protest among students. 引起一片抗议的风暴(4)I went to the doctor under protest. 不情愿地5. alliance n. an arrangement between two or more people, groups or countries to achieve something Answer the following questions. 1. What does IAW refer to?

7、Whats its basic principle? The basic principle of the IAW (International Alliance of Women) is that the full and equal enjoyment of human rights is due to all women and girls. 2. Whats the Holy Alliance? The Holy Alliance was a coalition of Russia, Austria and Prussia created in 1815 at the behest o

8、f Czar Alexander I of Russia. It was against democracy, revolution, and secularism.6. launch v. to start a major activityTranslate the following expressions1. 发射人造卫星 2. 创办一个新企业 3. 发动攻击 4. 发起一次活动 5. 将新产品投放市场launch a man-made satellitelaunch a new enterpriselaunch an attacklaunch a campaignlaunch a ne

9、w product7. characterize v. to be a typical quality or feature of someone or sth. Complete the sentences with the words in the column.character characterize characterization characteristic(1) Ambition is a _characteristic_ of all successful businessmen. (2) Competitive sport helps to develop ones _c

10、haracter_.(3) The 1980s were _characterized_ by high inflation and high employment.(4) They portray him as a weak leader, but I dont think thats a fair characterization_.8. employment n. work that you are paid regularly to do for a person or companyComplete the sentences with the words in the column

11、.employ employer employee employment(1) His _employer_ has increased his salary.(2) After graduation, she found _employment_ with a local finance company.(3) The boss struck off 100 dollars from the salary of the _employee_ as fine.(4) Jean was employed_ by the company as a computer programmer.9. pr

12、ospect n. (1) the possibility that sth. will happen, especially something good (2) chances of success, esp. in a job or careerCorrect the following sentences.(1) Doctors say there is few(little) prospect of any improvement in his condition. (2) Your employment prospect(s) would be much better if you

13、 finished your degree. (3)The new job brings good prospects of(for) the future. 10. obscure adj. (1) not clearly expressed or not easy to understand (2) not known about or not well knownTranslate the following sentences.(1) The poem is obscure to those unlearned in the classics. 这首诗歌在不懂古典诗作的人看来是费解的。

14、(2)他为什么退学的理由还不清楚。The reasons why he dropped out are obscure. In a Station of the Metro is an Imagist poem by Ezra Pound published in 1913 in Poetry. The poem attempts to describe Pounds experience upon visiting an underground metro station in Paris in 1912, and Pound suggested that the faces of the

15、individuals in the metro were best put into a poem not with a description but with an equation. Because of the treatment of the subjects appearance by way of the poems own visuality, it is considered a quintessential Imagist text. 11. give rise to to make sth. happen or begin, esp. sth. unpleasant o

16、r unexpectedThink of words or expressions with similar meaning to give rise to.Make sentences with give rise to and contribute to.(1) Instead of resolving contradictions, the series of measures taken by the government gave rise to more violent clashes. (2) Honesty and hard work contribute to success

17、 and happiness.12. bring about to make sth. happen, esp. to cause changes in a situationTranslate the following sentence into English.反对党联合工会发动了一次大罢工，最终导致政府的垮台。The Opposition formed an alliance with the trade unions and launched a general strike, which ultimately brought about the downfall of the go

18、vernment.Discuss the topic What will bring about obesity?Lack of exercise Eating too much Heredity Stress & boredom13. keep offto not touch sth. or prevent sth. from touching sth.Match the expressions with their definitions.(1) These worries kept her from sleeping properly. D. to prevent sb. from do

19、ing sth.(2) You should keep away from fried foods. A. to avoid(3) She struggled to keep back her tears. B. to stop oneself doing sth.(4) Try to keep to a regular timetable of waking and sleeping. C. To follow(5) We try to keep up with whats happening. E. to continue to learn about sth14. in itself w

20、ithout considering the restTranslate the following sentences.(1) For the old lady buying the daily newspaper soon became an end in itself, since she really just wanted to chat with the shopkeeper. 那老太太每天去买报纸，不多时便觉乐在其中，因为她主要是想和店主聊天.(2) 这钱本身对他们来说是没有什么价值的。 The money in itself meant nothing to them. Use

21、ful expressions 1. 一阵烟雾2. 刺激的经历3. 将变成4. 激进的政治氛围5. 持不同意见的少数人6. 暴力冲突7. 与联盟8. 发动了一场大罢工9. 创造意识的觉醒10. 实现目标a haze of smokestimulating experienceTransform intothe atmosphere of political radicalismdissident minorityviolent clashesform an alliance withlaunch a general strikecreative awakeningachieve ones ai

22、m of11. 全民重视的话题12. 辍学13. 令人头脑发热的气氛14. 从高到低的顺序15. 就业前景16. 实现目的的手段17. 日子一去不复返了18. 同道好友19. 热爱20. 与的距离缩小a topic of great national importancedrop outthe heady atmospherein descending orderemployability prospectsa means to an endGone are the days whenlike-minded friendshave a passion forThe gap between an

23、d has shrunkAr2ironic a. (also ironical) expressing the opposite of what you really think, especially in order to be humorous 反语的；讽刺的e.g. 1. Your car was stolen at the police station! How ironic! 你的车在警察局被盗！多么讽刺！ 2. Its ironic that her husband smoked for thirty years, and yet shes the one who died of

24、 lung cancer. 讽刺的是，她丈夫吸烟三十年，但最后患肺癌去世的竟然 是她。Word family: ironically ad. irony n. definition n. C a statement of what a word or expression means 词义；定义；释义e.g. 1. a dictionary definition 2. Match the words with their definitions. 把词语和它们的定义对应起来。See also: by definition.Word family: define v. overthrow (ov

25、erthrew / overthrown) vt. force a leader or government out of their position of power 颠覆；使下台e.g. 1. Rebels were already making plans to overthrow the government. 反叛者已在密谋推翻政府。 2. Her father was overthrown in a military coup in the seventies. 她的父亲在七十年代一次军事政变中被推翻下台。repressive a. ruling or controlling p

26、eople by the use of force or violence, or by laws that put unreasonable limits on their freedom （统治或法律）残酷的，严苛的e.g. 1. repressive measures 2. The repressive regime put thousands of protesters to prison. 残酷的政权使成千上万抗议者进了监狱。Word family: repress v. repression n. rebel vi & n. 1) vi. oppose or fight again

27、st someone in authority or against an idea or situation which you do not agree with 造反，反抗e.g. There were minor groups who rebelled against the government. 2) n. C someone who tries to remove a government or leader using force 造反者e.g. Fighting between the rebels and government troops continues in the

28、 north. 造反者和政府部队在北方的交火持续不断。Word family: rebellion n.inspirational a. giving you the enthusiasm to do or create something 鼓舞人心的；有鼓舞力量的e.g. 1. Jones proved an inspirational figure in Welsh rugby. 事实证明琼斯是威尔士橄榄球队最鼓舞人心的人物。2. Browns last minute goal for the Red Wings was truly inspirational. 布朗在最后一刻为红翼队进球

29、真是鼓舞人心。Word family: inspire v. inspiration n.assert vt. state firmly that something is true 断言；宣称e.g. 1. French cooking, she asserted, is the best in the world. 她坚称法国菜是世界上最好的。2. The government asserted that no more money would be available. 政府坚称没有更多的钱可供使用。See also: assert oneself.nostalgic a. rememb

30、ering happy times in the past; making someone remember happy times in the past 怀旧的；恋旧的e.g. 1. Seeing those old school photographs has made me feel quite nostalgic . 看见那些学生时代的旧照片让我产生了怀旧之情。2. A lot of adults feel nostalgic about their childhood. 许多成年人对他们的童年都很怀念。resonance n. C,U the special meaning or

31、importance that something has for you because it relates to your own experiences（情感的）共鸣，反响e.g.1. tradition that has little resonance in the 21st century 21世纪难以得到认同的传统2. His words will have resonance for many musicians. 他的话语将在许多音乐家心里产生共鸣。sit up1) suddenly start paying attention to someone, because th