江西省2022-2021学年高二英语上学期开学考试试题（含解析）

1、 可修改江西省南昌市第二中学2021-2021学年高二英语上学期开学考试试题（含解析）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What time does the museum close on Sundays?A. At 3:00 pm.B. At 4:00 pm.C At 5:00 pm

2、.2. What does the man mean?A. Hes willing to help out.B. He has his hands full.C. He almost loses the suitcase.3. What is the man persuading the woman to do?A. Have less meat.B. Buy him a burger.C. Eat out with him.4. How will the woman probably go to the gallery?A. By bus.B. By subway.C. By car.5.

3、In what aspect is the man weak in Chinese?A. Reading.B. Writing.C. Speaking.第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6 What does the man think of horror movies?A. Exciting.B. Frig

4、htening.C. Boring.7. What new hobby will the woman start?A. Skiing.B. Reading.C. Playing music.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8. What is the man allowed to make for Thanksgiving?A. The sauces.B. The salad.C. The desserts.9. What does the woman say about Thanksgiving in her family?A. No one takes it very seriou

5、sly.B. Her parents try to do everything.C. Everyone shares the preparation work.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10. Where are the speakers?A. In Sydney.B. In Toronto.C. In Los Angeles.11. What does Simon plan to do after graduation?A. Study further.B. Run a hotel.C. Work in a company.12. What does Lucy major

6、in?A. Law.B. Business.C. Management.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13. Why are the speakers excited in the beginning?A. They park near the shopping mall.B. They are lucky to take the umbrella.C. They find the shopping mall easily.14. What would the man like to have for lunch?A. Fries.B. Chicken sandwiches.C.

7、 The lamb burger.15. What will the speakers do right after lunch?A. Learn Spanish.B. Do some shopping.C. Go to the museum.16. How will the speakers go to the museum probably?A. By car.B. By bike.C. On foot.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17. How long have Earth Boxes been in market?A. About 15 years.B. About

8、25 years.C. About 30 years.18. What can Earth Boxes be used to do in poor countries?A. Solve hunger problems.B. Improve soil conditions.C. Teach students science.19. What is the advantage of Earth Boxes?A. Saving much space.B. Purifying much water.C. Making crops grow fast.20. Why are Earth Boxes us

9、ed in middle school?A. To learn math well.B. To grow vegetables.C. To do some experiments.第二部分阅读理解（共两节,满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AEvery summer, we invite young writers to join our team for our six-week summer program. Think of yourself as an extension

10、 of our team where you will be writing main Youngzine articles.We will work with you and after the first 1-2 articles, most of our young writers are up and running on their own. We will be selecting 4-6 young writers to join our team this year and will guide you through the experience. Does this sou

11、nd like a challenge you are up to? First, lets answer some questions that you might have.How Old Should I Be?Most of our Young Editors are typically 13-17 years of age. You will be writing on politics, science, environment and other current events which will require you to read and understand the ba

12、ckground material. If you have strong writing skills, are part of your school newspaper or see yourself as a future journalist, this is for you!How Long Is the Program?It is a six-week program from July to mid-August, where you will be writing one article a week. We understand summer is also a time

13、for vacations, and we are flexible as long as you inform us in advance.What Do We Expect from a Young Editor?Good writing skills and the ability to communicate your thoughts clearly are most important since you are writing for other young readers. We use current events to explain the underlying cont

14、ext or a concept, so you will need to put your research hats on. It is important that articles be unprejudiced and state all points of view of an issue. And of course, your articles have to be originalno copying! We will send you guidelines if you are selected. A few benefits of being a summer write

15、r:Your work will be seen by young readers all over the world.Your knowledge of topics deepens, broadens and widens as you research and write articles.Is that reason enough to want to join? Send us an email to .Please contact us by June 10 if you are interested.1. What do we know a

16、bout the summer program?A. It is a vacation-free program.B. It lasts for almost three months.C. It is mainly designed for college students.D. It asks participants to finish one article per week.2. The summer program expects the editors who _.A. express their thoughts effectivelyB. understand all poi

17、nts of a conceptC. are curious about research methodsD. have broad knowledge of many topics3. The passage intends to _.A. hold a writing activityB. help sharpen writing skillsC. clarify the qualities of editorsD. call for summer young writers【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个号召青年作家的参与的暑期项目，介绍了项

18、目的参与年龄限制、项目的持续时间、项目对编辑的期待以及暑期写作的几个好处等情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中It is a six-week program from July to mid-August, where you will be writing one article a week.可知这是一个为期六周的项目，从7月到8月中旬，你将每周写一篇文章。由此可知，暑期项目要求参与者每周完成一篇文章。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中Good writing skills and the ability to communicate your thoughts clea

19、rly are most important since you are writing for other young readers.可知良好的写作技巧和清晰表达自己想法的能力是最重要的，因为你是在为其他年轻读者写作。由此可知，这个暑期项目期望编辑能有效地表达自己的想法。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中Every summer, we invite young writers to join our team for our six-week summer program.可知每年夏天，我们都会邀请年轻作家加入我们的团队，参加我们为期六周的暑期项目。结合文章主要为介绍一个号召青

20、年作家的参与的暑期项目，介绍了项目的参与年龄限制、项目的持续时间、项目对编辑的期待以及暑期写作的几个好处等情况。由此可推知，这篇文章意在号召青年作家在夏季参加这个项目。故选D。BStuttering （口 吃）has nothing to do with intelligence. I know this because I stutter. If it takes me a while longer to say a word, its not because I cant remember the word; its because the neural(神经的） pathway that

21、 transforms words in my head into sounds in my mouth is wired differently. And differences, of course, are the best way to get negative attention in our society. Taking extra time to get my words out can surely be frustrating, but thats nothing compared to the misery of dealing with peoples reaction

22、s.Almost all children who stutter are discouraged from speaking in one way or another. Its usually not as direct as someone walking up to them and saying, “Hey, stuttering kid! Keep your mouth shut!” But when your voice causes adults and peers to snicker （窃笑）or roll their eyes, its pretty discouragi

23、ng.Growing up, I learned to avoid speaking whenever possible. I hated what came out of my mouth, full of awkward breaks and pauses. I figured whatever future I had, it probably involved a vow of silence.Today Fm a touring author and comedian. It took me 30-something years to get over stuttering. Did

24、 I stop stuttering? No! I couldnt stop if I wanted to. But I stopped wanting to stop. Instead of wasting all my time and energy trying to meet unattainable standards, I learned that its OK to stutter. And I learned by example. I attended the National Stuttering Association conference and met all kin

25、ds of people who stutterpeople who didnt hate themselves, who didnt silence themselves. They stuttered, and they were OK with it! I remember watching them and thinking, Thats who I want to be!Theres a popular saying in comedy: Your weakness is your strength. When I first entered my local open-mic sc

26、ene, I was quickly met with some smart guys looking to score a cheap laugh at my expense. I remember introducing myself to one comedian and stuttering on my name, as I usually do. Eager to demonstrate his smartness, he replied, Is that Nina with five Ns? No, I said, its Nina with two Ns! Just like t

27、hat, I had created a joke as the result of someone making fiin of my stutter.To this day, whenever I need inspiration for a new joke, I just think about all the ridiculous comments I get from non-stuttering people. Its a comedy gold mine!4. It takes the author longer to say a word because she has _.

28、A. a comparatively low IQB. trouble in organizing ideasC. a relatively small brainD. problems in her neural system5. What annoys the author most about her stuttering is _.A. the unfriendly reactions of othersB. the difficulty in memorising wordsC. her unpromising future as a stuttererD. her embarras

29、sing pauses during talks6. The author got over stuttering by _.A. adjusting her attitude towards itB. getting help from non-stutterersC. telling herself constantly to stop itD. silencing herself whenever possible7. Paragraph 5 is mainly about the authors _.A. success as a comedianB. respect for othe

30、r comediansC. resistance to others strengthD acceptance of her imperfection【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者花了30多年克服了口吃的毛病，并成为一名巡回演出的作家和喜剧演员。作者认为克服口吃最重要的是，改变对口吃的态度并接受自己的不完美。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“its because the neural(神经的）pathway that transforms words in my head into sounds in my mout

31、h is wired differently.(这是因为将我大脑中的文字转换成嘴里的声音的神经通路是不同的。)”可知，因为她的神经系统有问题，所以作者说一个字要花更长的时间。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“But when your voice causes adults and peers to snicker （窃笑）or roll their eyes, its pretty discouraging. (但是，当你的声音会导致成人和同伴偷笑窃或不以为然，这很令人沮丧。)”可推断出，她口吃最让作者恼火的是别人不友好的反应。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段和特

32、别是第四段“Instead of wasting all my time and energy trying to meet unattainable standards, I learned that its OK to stutter.( 我并没有浪费时间和精力去达到无法达到标准，我意识到了口吃是没关系的。)”可推断出，作者从尽量避免说话到克服了口吃的毛病，是因为作者通过调整自己的态度克服了口吃。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第五段首句“Theres a popular saying in comedy: Your weakness is your strength. (在喜剧中

33、有一句流行的谚语：“你的弱点就是你的长处。”)”和后文作者举自己向一位喜剧演员介绍自己的事例可知，本段作者告诉我们要学会接受自己的不完美。故选D。【点睛】推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。如小题2根据文章第二段“But when your voice causes adults and peers to snicker （窃笑）or roll their eyes, its pretty disco

34、uraging. (但是，当你的声音会导致成人和同伴偷笑窃或不以为然，这很令人沮丧。)”中带有感情色彩的词句“its pretty discouraging”可推断出，她口吃最让作者恼火的是别人不友好的反应，从而推断出答案。CMore than half the young children and teenagers in China are nearsighted, according to a survey by top government agencies, which called for intensified efforts to prevent and control the

35、 condition.The survey, which was conducted last year, found that eight of 10 senior middle school students were nearsighted, compared with 71.6 percent in junior middle school, 36 percent in primary school and 14 percent of 6-year-olds in kindergarten. Overall, 53.6 percent were nearsighted. The pre

36、valence (流行程度) of a high degree of myopia also became alarming as the percentage of senior students in high school, who wear glasses stronger than six diopters, has mounted to 21.9 percent. Up to 80 percent of the countrys young adults suffer from nearsightedness, according to a report in the medica

37、l journal Lancet. In contrast, the overall rate of myopia in the UK is about 20-30 percent. If you walk the streets of China today, youll quickly notice that most young people wear glasses. In Shanghai, for instance, 86 percent of high school students suffer from myopia, or nearsightedness, accordin

38、g to Xinhua News Agency.The growing prevalence of myopia is not only a Chinese problem, but it is an especially East Asian one. According to a study published in The Lancet medical journal in 2012, by Ian Morgan, of the Australian National University, South Korea leads the pack, with 96 percent of y

39、oung adults (below the age 20) having myopia; and the rate for Seoul is even higher. In Singapore, the figure is 82 percent. To say that Asia is having an eye problem is an understatement.Several factors are associated with the high rate of nearsightedness in Chinas children and teenagers, including

40、 lack of outdoor physical activity, lack of adequate sleep due to heavy work and excessive use of electronics products. And some biologists compared Singaporeans living in Singapore to those living in Australia. They found that 29 percent of the Singaporean students had myopia compared with just 3 p

41、ercent in Sydney. The main correlation was once again, time spent outside.“The big difference was the Chinese children in Australia were outdoors a lot more than their matched peers in Singapore,” says Ian Morgan, a retired biologist at Australian National University, who coauthored the 2008 study.

42、“This was the only thing that fit with the huge difference in prevalence.”8. From paragraph 2, according to the survey we can know that _.A. the rate of myopia in Shanghai is the highestB. the rate of myopia in the UK is higher than that in ChinaC. the rate of junior middle school students who suffe

43、r from myopia is the highestD. the rate of senior middle school students who suffer from myopia is the highest9. Which of the following is not the reason associated with the high rate of myopia in China?A. Time of reading books.B. Lack of adequate sleep.C. Lack of outdoor physical activity.D. Excess

44、ive use of electronics products.10. The author writes the passage to _.A. introduce some methods to protect our eyesB. tell us why so many people have an eye problemC. compare the myopia figures of different countriesD. call on everyone to pay attention to the myopia among the young people11. Where

45、is the passage most probably from?A. A literary essay.B. A historical novel.C. A science report.D. A travel magazine.【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今东亚国家包括中国的年轻人近视率高这一现象并解释了近视的原因。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的The survey, which was conducted last year, found that eight of 10 senior middle school st

46、udents were nearsighted, compared with 71.6 percent in junior middle school, 36 percent in primary school and 14 percent of 6-year-olds in kindergarten.可知，去年进行的这项研究发现，10名高中生中有8人近视，而初中生近视率为71.6%，小学生近视率为36%，幼儿园6岁儿童近视率为14%。也就是说高中生的近视率是最高的。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的Several factors are associated with the

47、high rate of nearsightedness in Chinas children and teenagers, including lack of outdoor physical activity, lack of adequate sleep due to heavy work and excessive use of electronics products.可知，有若干个因素与中国儿童和青少年近视率高有关，包括缺乏户外体育活动、课余作业繁重导致睡眠不足，以及过度使用电子产品。A项（读书的时间）在原文中并没有被提到。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。文章第二段通过列举数据

48、表明中国学生的近视现象非常严重，第三段作者提出近视患病率的不断上升不仅是中国一个国家的问题，而是困扰整个东亚的问题。第四段作者解释了近视的原因，可以看出全文都围绕着年轻人近视率高这一点来写的，作者写这篇文章的目的就是为了让人们看到这个问题的严重性，呼吁人们注意年轻人中的近视现象。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。文章主要介绍了如今东亚包括中国的年轻人近视率高这一现象并解释了近视的原因，还引用了生物学家伊恩摩根的话。由此可知，本文最有可能出自一篇科学报告。故选C项。DThe Mars 2021 rover(02W), which sets off for the Red Planet this

49、 year, will not only search for traces of ancient life, but pave the way for future human missions, NASA scientists said Friday as they introduced the vehicle.The rover has been constructed in a large, sterile room at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, near Los Angeles, where its driving equ

50、ipment was given its first successful test last week.Shown to invited journalists on Friday, it is scheduled to leave Earth in July 2021 from Floridas Cape Canaveral, becoming the fifth US rover to land on Mars seven months later in February.“Its designed to seek the signs of life, so were carrying

51、a number of different instruments that will help us understand the geological and chemical context on the surface of Mars,” deputy mission leader Matt Wallace told AFP.Among the devices on board the rover are 23 cameras, two “ears” that will allow it to listen to Martian winds, and lasers used for c

52、hemical analysis.Approximately the size of a car, the rover is equipped with six wheels like the former US rover, Curiosity, allowing it to travel along rocky land.Speed is not a priority for the vehicle, which only has to cover around 200 yards(180 metres) per Martian day -approximately the same as

53、 a day on Earth.Fuelled by a tiny nuclear reactor, Mars 202(has seven-foot-long(2 metres) articulated arms and a drill to crack open rock samples in locations scientists identify as potentially suitable for life.We are hoping to move fairly quickly. Wed like to see the next mission launched in 2026

54、which will get to Mars and pick up the samples, put them into a rocket and finally bring them back to the Earth, said Wallace. NASAs Mars 2021 will remain active for at least one Martian year, which is around two years on Earth.12. What does the underlined part “pave the way” in Paragraph 1 mean?A.

55、Making preparationsB. Finding suitable landing sitesC. Setting up research centers.D. Constructing roads.13. What can we know about the Mars 2021 rover?A. It looks much like a car with six wheels.B It is an updated of the US rover Curiosity.C. It is solar-powered and can crack open rock samples.D. I

56、t is able to perform different tasks on Mars in search of the signs of life14. If you search the passage on the website of China Daily, where can you probably find it?A. LifestyleB. RegionalC. WorldD. Culture15. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The Mars 2021 rover has successfully passed its

57、first driving test.B. NASA is planning a new round of space explorationC. Future human missions on Mars are on the wayD. A new rover will be launched to carry out scientific research on Mars【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. D【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了美国宇航局科学家上周五介绍火星2021漫游者（02W）时表示，今年启程前往火星，它不仅将寻找古代生命的痕迹，而且将为未来的人类

58、任务做好准备。同时介绍了这一款火星探测器的一些情况。【12题详解】词义猜测题。结合后文for future human missions可知火星2021漫游者不仅将寻找古代生命的痕迹，而且将为未来的人类任务做好准备。由此可知，划线短语“pave the way”意思为“做好准备”。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Its designed to seek the signs of life, so were carrying a number of different instruments that will help us understand the geological and chemical con