首字母填空解题方法大全

1、LOGO . 1 首字母填空 第二讲 “s_” 是第三句的主语是第三句的主语, 结合结合 have 判断为判断为 students; “ h_ 是是give 的宾语的宾语, 判断为判断为him ; “ p_” 的内容是的内容是 cards, note-books , 所以判断为名词所以判断为名词presents; “ t_” 是介词是介词among 的宾语的宾语, 应为应为them ; “ m_” 处于处于be done by 的结构中的结构中, 应为过去分词应为过去分词made; “h_” 位于情态动词位于情态动词will 之后之后, 应为动词原形应为动词原形help; “t_” 是是rem

2、ember 的宾语的宾语, 并且受到并且受到happy 的修饰应为的修饰应为 time “t_” 是主语是主语, 名词或代词名词或代词 teachers / they; “p_” 是是have的宾语的宾语, 前面有冠词前面有冠词, 所以是名词所以是名词party “s_” 前有前有 to, 分析成分为目的状语分析成分为目的状语 to do 即即 to say 27 Years ago, mobile phones were rather e_1_. Only important people and people w_2_ a lot of money had them. These days

3、, the prices have been greatly reduced, and mobile phones come in small size and d_3_ colors. So more and more people,_4_ school students, have them in their hands. It is t_5_ that it is an easy way to keep in touych with friends at any time and in any places.But in places like clssrooms,movie theat

4、red and museums,where everyone should be quiet or talk in a low v_6_,we can also hear mobile phones ringing.Some drivers have accidents for using mobile phones while d_7_.W_8_ of all,some studenys who cant p_9_ their phone bills do something illegal(不合法的) to get the money.So,are mobile phones r_10_

5、a good thing? 5.true 6.voice 7.driving 8.worst 9. pay 10. really 28 PART 02 句子成分篇 29 例句例句: v I】【played】a【red】【basketball】【yesterday in the house】 主 谓 定 宾 状 I是主语，发出动作的人或物。 play是谓语，就是一个动词，动词包括行为动词如 play,go,listen就是一个动作，还包括be动词即am is are been basketball就是宾语，宾语就是行为动词后面 的那个词（就是动作的承受者） yesterday是时间状语，in t

6、he house 是地点状语 状语可以表结果，时间，地点，状态，原因，目的 red按词性划分是形容词，按句子成分划分就是定 语，修饰baskeball 30 句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。组句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。组 成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。 句子的成分包括：主语、谓语、表语、宾语句子的成分包括：主语、谓语、表语、宾语 （直接和间接宾语）、宾语补足语、定语（直接和间接宾语）、宾语补足语、定语 和状语。和状语。 主语和谓语是句子的主体部分主语和谓语是句子的主体部分.表语、宾语和表语、宾语和 宾语的补足语是谓语里的组成部分。其他宾语的补足语

7、是谓语里的组成部分。其他 成份如定语和状语是句子的次要成分。成份如定语和状语是句子的次要成分。 31 一、主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。大 多数主语都在句首。 The sun rises in the east. (名词名词) He likes dancing. (代词代词) Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词数词) Seeing is believing. (动名词动名词) To see is to believe. (不定式不定式) What he needs is a book. (主语从句主语从句) It is ve

8、ry clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.(It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语形式主语，主语从句是真正主语) 32 (1) 对主语的判断对主语的判断 1. _ are helpful to students. ( teach ) 2. _ is more important to me than money. ( healthy ) 3. Some famous _ are going to give lectures in our school in August. ( science) 4. _ is my favour

9、ite sport. ( fish ) 5. _ stamps is my hobby. ( collect ) Key: 1. Teachers 2. Health 3. scientists 4. Fishing 5. Collecting 分析：主语是动作的发出者，词性主要为名词与代词（分析：主语是动作的发出者，词性主要为名词与代词（1- 题）；题）； 动词不能直接用作主语，必须转化成其对应的名词或动词不能直接用作主语，必须转化成其对应的名词或doing （、）。（、）。 33 二、谓语（二、谓语（predicate）:说明主语的动作、状态说明主语的动作、状态 和特征。谓语时用来说明主语

10、和特征。谓语时用来说明主语“做什么做什么”、“是是 什么什么”或或“怎么样怎么样”，谓语必须是动词，谓语和，谓语必须是动词，谓语和 主语在主语在“人称人称”和和“数数”两方面必须一致。如：两方面必须一致。如： He can speak German. We study English. He fell asleep. 34 (2) 对谓语的判断 John was standing on the step of a house. An old woman c_ over to him. “My boy,” she a_, “Is your father at home?” “Yes,” a_ J

11、ohn. The woman began r_ the bell. She rang and rang, but there was no answer. At last she t_ back to John and s_ angrily, “Didnt you s_ that your father was at home?” “I did”, answered John, “but this i_ my house.” Key: came asked answered ringing turned said say isnt 分析：语篇中的所缺字除分析：语篇中的所缺字除ringing以外

12、均为谓语动词。以外均为谓语动词。 谓语是句子所表示的动作，词性只能是动词，在句子中不能缺。谓语是句子所表示的动作，词性只能是动词，在句子中不能缺。 当一个主谓结构中同时出现两个或以上动词时，还要判断他们之间的相当一个主谓结构中同时出现两个或以上动词时，还要判断他们之间的相 互关系，对谓语动词或非谓语动词的判断只有在熟练掌握相关知识的互关系，对谓语动词或非谓语动词的判断只有在熟练掌握相关知识的 基础上，才能作出正确的判断。多做用动词的适当形式填空有助于对基础上，才能作出正确的判断。多做用动词的适当形式填空有助于对 动词形式的判断。动词形式的判断。 35 begin to do和和begin do

13、ing可以互换，但在以下可以互换，但在以下 三种情况下，用三种情况下，用to do: （1）. 主语不是指人，而是主语不是指人，而是it等。如等。如:It began to rain. （2）. begin后接表示心理活动的词。如后接表示心理活动的词。如:begin to know ， believe， wonder， think等。等。 （3）. begin本身是本身是ing形式，为避免重复后接形式，为避免重复后接to do 即即 beginning to do 36 三、表语（三、表语（predicative）:表语说明主语表语说明主语“是什是什 么么”或或“怎么样怎么样”，由名词、形容词

14、、介词、副，由名词、形容词、介词、副 词、不定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当，它词、不定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当，它 的位置于系动词后面的位置于系动词后面 。 形容词作表语形容词作表语 You look younger than before. 名词作表语名词作表语 My father is a teacher. 副词作表语副词作表语 Everyone is here. 介词短语作表语介词短语作表语 They are at the theatre. 不定式作表语不定式作表语 My job is to teach them English. 动名词作表语动名词作表语 Her job is

15、training the nurses. 从句作表语从句作表语 That is why he didnt come to school yesterday. 37 常见的系动词有常见的系动词有: be, sound(听起来听起来)， look(看起来看起来)， feel(摸起来摸起来)，smell(闻起来闻起来)，taste(尝、吃起来尝、吃起来)， remain(保持，仍是保持，仍是)， feel(感觉感觉) . It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange. Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin. T

16、he food smells delicious. The food tastes good. The door remains open. Now I feel tired. 38 (3) 对表语的判断 v It is _ for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon. ( possible) 2. The sick man is getting _. ( ill ) 3. Petter is going to be a(n) _ when he grows up.(engine) 4. Such cold weather is quite _ in Ju

17、ne and people have to wear warm clothes again. （ usually ） 5. Its a _ to have a picnic with all the members. （please ） Key: 1. impossible 2. worse 3. engineer 4. unusual 5. pleasure 分析：表语是连系动词后接的成分。词性主要为形容词，名词分析：表语是连系动词后接的成分。词性主要为形容词，名词, 介词短语。动词必须改成介词短语。动词必须改成 to do ,doing 或或 done 的形式的形式 。 39 三、宾语 1

18、)动作的承受者动作的承受者动宾动宾 I like China. (名词名词) He hates you. (代词代词) How many do you need? We need two. ( 数词数词) I enjoy working with you. (动名词动名词) I hope to see you again. (不定式不定式) Did you write down what he said? (宾语从宾语从 句句) 40 2)介词后的名词、代词和动名词介词后的名词、代词和动名词介宾介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, th

19、ere are many rocks. 3) 双宾语双宾语间宾间宾(指人指人)和直宾和直宾(指物指物) He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money. 41 (3) 对宾语的判断 1. Mr. Chen was surprised to see the fast _ in Shanghaiafter his long absence from the city. ( develop ) 2. Thank you for your _. ( kind ) 3. At last he sold his _. ( invent )

20、 Key: 1. development 2. kindness 3. invention 分析：宾语是动作的承受者，分动词宾语与介词宾语两种。分析：宾语是动作的承受者，分动词宾语与介词宾语两种。 宾语的词性同主语的词性一样，代词作宾语时必须用其宾宾语的词性同主语的词性一样，代词作宾语时必须用其宾 格。格。 42 四、宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。我们把“宾语宾 语补足语”合起来称为复合宾语复合宾语。名词、动词、形容词、副词、介 词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词都可以作宾语补足语. We elected him monitor. (名词名词) We will make them ha

21、ppy. (形容词形容词) We found nobody in. (副词副词) Please make yourself at home. (介词短语介词短语) Dont let him do that. (省省to不定式不定式) His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. (带带to不定式不定式) Dont keep the lights burning. (现在分词现在分词) Ill have my bike repaired. (过去分词过去分词) 43 五、主补：对主语的补充。对主语的补充。 He was electe

22、d monitor. She was found singing in the next room. 44 六、定语：定语用来修饰名词或代词。形容词、代词、 数词、名词、介词短语、不定式或相当于形容词的词(过 去分词)或短语等都可以充当定语。 Amy is a chemistry teacher.(名词名词) He is our friend. (代词代词) We belong to the third world. (数词数词) He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.(形容词形容词) The man over there is my ol

23、d friend.(副词副词) The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词介词) The boys playing football are in Class 2. (现在分词现在分词) The trees planted last year are growing well now. (过去过去 分词分词) I have an idea to do it well. (不定式不定式) You should do everything that I do. (定语从句定语从句) 45 (6) 对定语的判断 1. The _ exams

24、 usually take place at the end of June. ( finally) 2. On a _ night, you can see thousands of stars in the sky. ( clearly) 3. This is an _book. (interest) 4. The French artist said, “ it is my _ time to visit Shanghai. I love this city so much. ( one ) 5. The book _ by Luxun is very famous. ( write )

25、 6. Its a _ day ,ist it ? ( sun) Key: (1) final (2) clear (3) interesting (4) first (5) written (6) sunny 分析分析:：定语是修饰名词与代词的成分。词性以形容词，序数词，介词短：定语是修饰名词与代词的成分。词性以形容词，序数词，介词短 语为主。名词修饰名词说明后面名称的性能或用途。如：语为主。名词修饰名词说明后面名称的性能或用途。如：stamp show / physics teacher。 动词必须变形为：动词必须变形为：to do, doing 或或done 的形式。的形式。 46 七、

26、状语：状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。状语一般放七、状语：状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。状语一般放 在句末，但有时也可以放在句首、句中。在句末，但有时也可以放在句首、句中。 I will go there tomorrow. The meeting will be held in the meeting room. The meat went bad because of the hot weather. He didnt study hard so that he failed in the exam. If you study hard, you will pass the exam.

27、He goes to school by bike. Though he is young, he can do it well. 47 (7) 对状语的判断 1. The old lady could hardly believe that she had got the travel pass to Hong Kong so _ (easy) 2. Watch _ , and you will find the difference between the two pictures. ( care ) 3. After flying in the storm for nearly one

28、hour, the helicopter landed _ at last. ( safe ) Key : (1) easily (2) carefully (3) safely 状语：说明动作发生的时间，地点，原因，方式，目的，结状语：说明动作发生的时间，地点，原因，方式，目的，结 果，条件，伴随情况的成分。果，条件，伴随情况的成分。 词性以副词为主，也可以是介词短语，动词必须变形为词性以副词为主，也可以是介词短语，动词必须变形为to do, doing 或或done 。 48 Dreams may be more important than sleep. Some people dont

29、 need much sleep. H_(1)_, we all need to dream according to the scientists. Dreams take up about one quarter of our sleeping time. People have several dreams e_(2)_ night. Dreams are like short films. They are usually in color. Some dreams are l_(3)_ old films. They come to us over and again. That m

30、ay be because the dreamer is worrying about something. （1）通过这个空格，大家很容易判断在逗号前常出现的就是转折副词）通过这个空格，大家很容易判断在逗号前常出现的就是转折副词 However然而，我们在将结合上下句意思进行检验，一些人不需要太多的然而，我们在将结合上下句意思进行检验，一些人不需要太多的 睡眠。然而，根据科学家所说，我们都需要做梦。前后句子的关系是转折关睡眠。然而，根据科学家所说，我们都需要做梦。前后句子的关系是转折关 系。系。 （2）从句子成分而言，）从句子成分而言，e_ night在句子中做时间状语，从词性来讲，在句子中

31、做时间状语，从词性来讲， night是跟名词，前应用形容词来修饰，所以此处应该填的是是跟名词，前应用形容词来修饰，所以此处应该填的是every （3）在句子成分中，此处要不做的是状语，要不做的就是表语，若做表语（）在句子成分中，此处要不做的是状语，要不做的就是表语，若做表语（3 ）处填的就应该是一个形容词或者名词，但是从整句句意来看，（）处填的就应该是一个形容词或者名词，但是从整句句意来看，（3）应该填）应该填 的是介词，在整句句子中作状语，表示的意思为一些梦就像是老电影的是介词，在整句句子中作状语，表示的意思为一些梦就像是老电影 49 Dreaming may be a w_(4)_ of

32、trying to find an answer. Some people get new ideas about their work from dreams. They could have been t_(5)_ about their work all day. Then these things go into their dreams. 4）a冠词后面往往跟的是名词短语，而在（冠词后面往往跟的是名词短语，而在（4）有介词）有介词of， 所以（所以（4）填的是一个名词，结合整句句子来看，做梦也）填的是一个名词，结合整句句子来看，做梦也 许是尝试找到一个答案的方法许是尝试找到一个答案的

33、方法 （5）have been t_，这个结构中很容易看出是一，这个结构中很容易看出是一 个时态的结构，在个时态的结构，在be动词后如果跟现在分词表示进行，动词后如果跟现在分词表示进行， 如果如果be动词后跟过去分词，则表示被动，从此处来看不动词后跟过去分词，则表示被动，从此处来看不 存在被动关系，所以此处应该用现在分词存在被动关系，所以此处应该用现在分词thinking，整，整 句话的意思为他们却不能一整天在谈论他们的工作句话的意思为他们却不能一整天在谈论他们的工作 50 Sometimes we wake up with a good feeling from a dream. But o

34、ften we cant remember the dream. Dreams can d_(6)_ quickly from memory. Too much dreaming isnt good. The m_(7)_ we sleep, the longer we dream. Our mind is hard at work when we dream. That is why we may have a long sleep and still wake up tired. Key：1. However 2. every 3. like 4. way 5. thinking 6. d

35、isappear 7. more （6）在）在can情态动词之后应该跟动词原形，所以（情态动词之后应该跟动词原形，所以（6）应该）应该 填的是一个动词，从整句话中可以看出，梦能够从记忆中填的是一个动词，从整句话中可以看出，梦能够从记忆中 快速消失，所以用快速消失，所以用disappear （7）此句中用了一个）此句中用了一个the+比较级，比较级，the+比较级的结构，比较级的结构， 从后一句来看从后一句来看longer是副词的比较级，所以前者应该也用是副词的比较级，所以前者应该也用 副词的比较级，整句句意表示为我们睡的越多，我们做梦副词的比较级，整句句意表示为我们睡的越多，我们做梦 的时间就

36、越长，所以此处填的时间就越长，所以此处填more 51 Dreams may be more important than sleep. Some people dont need much sleep. However(1), we all need to dream according to the scientists. Dreams take up about one quarter of our sleeping time. People have several dreams every (2) night. Dreams are like short films. They ar

37、e usually in color. Some dreams are like (3) old films. They come to us over and again. That may be because the dreamer is worrying about something. Dreaming may be a way (4) of trying to find an answer. Some people get new ideas about their work from dreams. They could have been thinking (5) about

38、their work all day. Then these things go into their dreams. Sometimes we wake up with a good feeling from a dream. But often we cant remember the dream. Dreams can disappear (6) quickly from memory. Too much dreaming isnt good. The more(7)we sleep, the longer we dream. Our mind is hard at work when

39、we dream. That is why we may have a long sleep and still wake up tired. 52 PART 03 句子结构篇 53 基本句型是句子结构的几种基本句型是句子结构的几种基本格局基本格局，也，也 是千变万化的句子的是千变万化的句子的结构雏形结构雏形。这五种基。这五种基 本句型十分重要，正是这些有限的基本结本句型十分重要，正是这些有限的基本结 构及其转换形式衍生出了无限的实际使用构及其转换形式衍生出了无限的实际使用 中的句子。中的句子。 54 一、句型一、句型1： Subject (主语主语) + Verb (谓语谓语) 这种句型中的

40、动词大多是不及物动词，所谓不及物动这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，所谓不及物动 词，就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。常见的动词，就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。常见的动 词如：词如：work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen 等。如：等。如： The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。事故是昨天下午发生的。 55 二、句型二、句型2：Subject (主语主语) + Link. V(系动词系动词 ) + Predicate(表语表

41、语) 这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系 动词一般可分为下列两类：动词一般可分为下列两类： (1)表示状态。这样的词有：表示状态。这样的词有：be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。如：等。如： v This kind of food tastes delicious. 2) He looked worried just now. 56 (2)表示变化。这类系动词有：表示变化。这类系动词有：become, turn, get, grow, go等。如：等。如： 1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer. 2) The tree has grown much taller than before. 57 三、句型三、句型3：Subject(主语主语) + Verb (谓语谓语) + Object (宾语宾语) v He took his bag and left.(名词名词) v Li Lei always