2022高考英语统考一轮复习第十六章阅读七选五参考课件新人教版

1、第十六章阅读七选五 阅读七选五做题技巧 阅读七选五题型跟传统题型完形填空有相似之处， 完形填空空出的是词， 而七选 五空出的是句子， 但是它们的考查方式都是一样的， 只要考生选择的答案能够使 行文连贯， 符合英文的语法以及习惯表达即可， 因此， 这两类题型在做题方法上 有共通之处。另外， 从该题型给出的选项中我们可以发现一些特点： 该题型选项 大致可分为主旨概括句(文章整体内容)、过渡性句子(文章结构)和注释性句子(上下 文逻辑意义)三类。另外两个多余的干扰项也可以通过这三个特点来排除， 例如主 旨概括句要么过于宽泛要么以偏概全或偏离主题， 过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文 结构， 注释性句子与上

2、文脱节等。根据这些， 我们总结了一些关于七选五的做题 方法供大家参考。 一、基本技巧 1. 做题步骤 (1)阅读各个空的前后句， 标记关键词 在阅读文章的开始部分、明确文章的基本话题以后， 要阅读五个空各 自的前后句， 并将前后句中的解题线索， 即关键词标记下来。关键词 包括句中的核心名词或名词词组(如带有形容词的名词词组)、专有名词、 时间数字、代词、连词等。 (2)阅读各个选项， 尤其是选项的首句， 标记关键词 (3)比较上述两类关键词， 确定答案 (4)将确定的答案代入原文， 看读起来是否通顺 2. 判断方法 在标记了原文与选项的关键词以后， 可以按照下列原则判断原文的空 与选项是否匹配

3、： (1)词汇衔接 正确选项中的关键词一般重复前一句的关键词， 也与下一句的关键词 相呼应。 (2)逻辑衔接 正确选项与原文空之前的句子在逻辑上是连贯的。例如， 前一句使用 although, 那么正确选项的内容应该与之相反。 (3)代词衔接 正确选项中代词之后的关键词一定在原文的前一句谈论过。例如， 如 果选项中说this reward, 而且这一选项是正确答案， 那么原文中的空之 前的句中一定出现过reward这个词或它的同义词。 二、真题分析 (2019年浙江卷)Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there

4、 is a common spirit among all music groups, they make very different music. _31_ At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool. After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid1963, the Beatles

5、had been extremely popular in England._32_ They held large concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends(传说). John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named c

6、omposers of the year. _33_ They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. _34_ The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of te

7、levision up to that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasion(入侵) by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new

8、faces on the market. _35_ A. They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964. B. Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time. C. Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s. D. However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come. E. Many rock bands were able to fol

9、low in the footsteps of the Beatles. F. They appeared in the films A Hard Days Night(1964)and Help！(1965) G. They performed their first concert in America at CBS televisions 53rd street studio. 1. 标记空前后句中的关键词 本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了披头士乐队的成功引领了摇滚乐等一系 列新的潮流趋势。各个空前后句的关键词标记如下： 31. 空前： 名词词组rock music。空后： the Beat

10、les。说明空中要填入的 选项可能包含rock music相关的情况。 32. 这段反复提到the Beatles。空前的popular，in England说明空中要填 入的选项可能包含the Beatles在英国受欢迎的事情。 33. 空后代词they，Americans，on February 7, 1964。说明the Beatles 从英国来到了美国。 34. 关键词： greet them，the concert, broadcast live。说明空中要填入 的选项可能涉及与音乐会相关的事情。 35. 空前句中的关键词： opportunities，new faces。说明空中要

11、填入的 选项可能谈到新的乐队。 2. 标记选项中的关键词 (A) They，the United States, in 1964.看出the Beatles从英国来到了美国。 (B) their hairstyles, major trends. 他们很受欢迎。 (C) Rock music (D) the lives of generations to come. (E) Many rock bands (F) they, in the films (G) concert。 3. 比较两类关键词 将7个选项的关键词与5个空的前后句中的关键词进行比较， 发现匹配 的是：31与C、32与B、33

12、与A、34与G、35与E。 4. 代入原文 将确定的选项代入原文， 发现意义上与逻辑上都通顺， 因此可将其确 定为正确答案。 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项 中有两项为多余选项。 第一篇 【2018年全国卷】 Color is fundamental in home designsomething youll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms youll love

13、to live in. Do you want a room thats full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day？_36_， color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel. Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this im

14、portant point._37_， they can get a little complex. But good news is that there are really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones. _38_. Theyre the little spots of color like throw pillows，mirrors and baskets that m

15、ost of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable. Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner ta

16、bles or bookshelves. _39_. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space. The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors.Whether youre looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative ex

17、pense put into it are significant._40_ A. While all of them are useful B. Whatever youre looking for C. If youre experimenting with a color D. Small color choices are the ones were most familiar with E. Its not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F. So it pays to be sure, because y

18、ou want to get it right the first time G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了室内设计中颜色的选择问题。 36. B以逗号结尾，后面另起一个简单句，可以从句子结构排除D，E， F，G项。根据前文的三个问句可知，此处是从中选择一种。(不管你寻 找哪一种)。 37. A前文： 在过去的许多年里，有许多技术帮助设计者实现这一要 点；下文： 它们有点复杂。所以A(然而它们都很有用)承上启下，符合 题意。

19、 38. D本空是一个主题句，总说选择小型颜色是我们很熟悉的方法。 后文分说小型颜色的具体用途。 39. G根据前文“中型颜色选择通常是指一些例如沙发、餐桌或者书 架等家具的颜色选择”接着表明这种范围的颜色选择是对小型颜色选择 在两种方式上的进一步提示。 40. F前文the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant(你所付诸的时间、精力和相关的费用是巨大的)。后文F：那 肯定是值得的，因为你想第一次就把它弄好。 【点睛】关键词法解决阅读填空题是一种有效的方法。做题时很重要的 一点是保持对一些线索词的敏感，最主要

20、的线索特征词是空白前后的名 词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表 示同一类事物的词语等。其次是代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地 点/名称等专有名词等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线 索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。 37题A选项中的them 指代上文中的 different techniques 和下文中的they 指代内容相同。 38题上一段末尾提到要介绍三种颜色选择，本段详细介绍第一种small color choice和语段中都有关键词small color choice。 39题本段主要内容是medium color choice, 前半句承接上文中m

21、edium是 small的升级，后半句引出下文的两种方式。关键词： two major ways 和and 。 第二篇 【2018年全国卷】 If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out._36_ Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit

22、. Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day._37_ Your metabolism(新陈代谢) gets a head start. _38_ If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里)burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep

23、. _39_ Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited. _40_ If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more l

24、ikely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices. There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourse

25、lf to work out! You will feel energized all day long. A. You will stick to your diet. B. Your quality of sleep improves. C. You prefer healthy food to fast food. D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning. E. You can keep your head clear for 410 hours after exercise. F. After you exerc

26、ise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day. G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or youre doing it now, then listen up! 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章列举了早晨锻炼对人体的四条好处， 号召人们早点起床，进行身体锻炼。 36. G根据空前的内容“生活忙碌没有时间锻炼”和空后的内容“晨 练除了身体健康之外，还能带来其他好处”，下文接着列举了晨练的其 他好处。由此可知，此处缺一个承上启下句。G项中then listen up！(那 么请

27、仔细听！)很好地起到了承上启下的作用。 37. E根据上一句Exercising makes you more awake(锻炼能让你更清 醒)，E项(你可以在运动后保持头脑清醒410个小时。)是对上一句的 进一步解释。 38. F空前句子是本段的主题句，晨练是新陈代谢的开始，空后句子 说如果晨练，你则会得到卡路里一整天都在燃烧的益处，F项(锻炼之后， 你一整天都在燃烧卡路里。)是空后句子的根据，空后句子是对F项的进 一步延伸。 39. B此处缺一个主题句。空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼 的人睡得更好。B项(你的睡眠质量提高了。)是对后面内容的总述。 40. A根据空后句子“If you

28、 work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day.(如果你在早晨锻炼身体，你将更有可能坚持健康的食物选择。)”， A项(你将坚持你的饮食。)符合本段内容，是主题句，起到统领下文的 作用。 第三篇 【2018年全国卷】 Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate

29、, joy and sorrow，life and death, and everything else in between. _36_We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time. “I adore dancing，” says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I cant im

30、agine doing anything else with my life.” Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. “Teaching dance is wonderful._37_Its great to watch them. For many of them, its a way of meeting people and having a social life.” _38_“I can tell you about one young couple，” says Bridges. “Theyre learning to do tradi

31、tional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. _39_” So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says，“Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better._

32、40_ I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me Im alive.” A. So why do we dance? B. Dance in the US. is everywhere. C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America. D. My older students say it makes them feel young. E. I keep practicing even when Im extremely tired. F. Dancing seems to change their

33、 feeling completely. G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing. 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了跳舞的好处。 36. B根据后文We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.等可知，这里是说在美国到处有人跳舞，从佛罗里达到 阿拉斯加，从北到南等。 37. D根据前文

34、舞蹈课为各个年龄阶段的人架起了桥梁，教跳舞是非 常好的，再根据后句its great to watch them，根据人称可知是在谈论他 们，所以D和F符合，再根据本段最后一句可知，此段主要介绍了跳舞 对他们的好处。 38. A根据第四段后句，是通过举例介绍人们跳舞的原因。 39. F根据前句they arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile，所以他们的心情彻底改变了。 40. E根据文章前后句可知，此处人称为第一人称，所以E符合语境， 作者结合自己的跳舞经历介绍了跳舞给自己带来的好处。 第四篇 【2019年全

35、国卷】 Is Fresh Air Really Good for You? We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” _36_ According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good. _37_ If the air youre breathing is cleanwhich it would be if youre away from the s

36、mog of citiesthen the air is filled with lifegiving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain. Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healin

37、g(治愈). _38_ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪)Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window ar

38、e likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. _39_ It gives us a great feeling of peace. _40_ While the suns rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin Dbut still protect your skinput on sunscreen

39、 right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and thats plenty of time for your skin to absorb a days worth of Vitamin D. A. Fresh air cleans our lungs. B. So what are you waiting for? C. Being in nature refreshes us. D. Another side benefit of getting fresh

40、air is sunlight. E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said? F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care. G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens. 【解析】这是一篇议论文，谈论在没有污染的环境中，新鲜空气对人体 有好处，能加快病人的康复。 36. E根据后一句“Accordi

41、ng to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.”(根据最近的研究， 如果你的露营地的空气质量好的话，答案是“是的”。)可知此处和E项 But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said？(但是 新鲜空气真的像你妈妈常说的那样对你有好处吗？)相吻合，故答案为E。 37. A根据后一句“If the air youre breathing is cleanwhich it wou

42、ld be if youre away from the smog of citiesthen the air is filled with life giving，energizing oxygen.”(如果你呼吸的空气是干净的，如果你远 离城市的烟雾，那么空气中充满了赋予生命的、使氧气充满活力的空 气。)可知干净的空气富含提神的氧气，这是在解释新鲜空气能清洁我 们的肺的原因，和A项Fresh air cleans our lungs(新鲜空气清洁我们的 肺。)相吻合，故答案为A。 38. G根据前文的“Recently，people have begun studying the conn

43、ection between the natural world and healing(治愈)”(最近，人 们开始研究自然世界和治疗之间的联系。)和下文的“In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery.”(在这些地方， 病人在康复过程中可以接近自然。)可知此处涉及康复中心这个关键词， 所以和G项“All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.”(在全国各地，康复中心已经开始建造康复 花园。

44、)相吻合。故答案为G。 39. C前文中的tree branches与nature对应，后一句It gives us a great feeling of peace指在自然中，和C项“Being in nature refreshes us.”(在 大自然中让我们焕然一新。)相吻合。 40. D根据后一句中的“While the suns rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D”(尽管太阳光会老化并伤 害我们的皮肤时，但是它们也会提供有益的维生素D。)可知本段涉及太 阳光对人体的好处，所以和

45、D项“Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.”(获得新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光。)相结合，故答案 为D。 第五篇 【2019年全国卷】 Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question：“Should I jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two s

46、ides of same coin. _36_ Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided. _37_ More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires，etc. Only then should you s

47、et your goals. You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. _38_ So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰)of thoug

48、hts can help you move forward. Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. _39_ They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your g

49、oals. Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but cant become one because your eyesight is not good enough. _40_ You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal. You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some plan

50、ned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals. A. This can affect your work. B. So how should you motivate yourself? C. However, this should not discourage you. D. So why should we try to s

51、et specific goals? E. They can change according to circumstances. F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job. G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it. 【解析】本文主要讲述了积极性与设定目标对于每个人的重要性。 36. G根据空白处上一句句意，“积极性和设定目标就像是一枚硬币 的两面”可选出“没有积极性，你就无法设定目标并且实现目标”符合 语境，故选G。 37. B根据空白处下一句句

52、意“不仅如此，你怎样才能保持动力去实 现目标呢？”以及句式“how should”可推出答案，故选B。 38. A根据空白处上一句句意“有的时候你的心不在工作上”可推出 A“这会影响你的工作”，故选A。 39. E根据空白处上下文可知“记住，目标是灵活的，是可以根据情 况改变的”，句意可承接上下文，使文章连贯，故选E。 40. C根据空白处上下文可知“当目标因现实情况而需要重新考虑， 重新设定时，也不要气馁”，故选C。 第六篇 【2017年全国卷】 If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my

53、 weekends camping. I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, illcooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me._36_ The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer._37_ We sleep in a ten

54、t, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning. I was, nevertheless, talked into going on anothe

55、r funfilled holiday in the wilderness. _38_ Instead, we had a popup camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My natureloving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. _39_ We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twentyeight foot travel trailer complete wi

56、th a bathroom and a builtin TV set. There is a separate bedroom，a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. _40_ It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style. A. This time

57、there was no tent. B. Things are going to be improved. C. The trip they took me on was a rough one. D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however. E. I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping. G. There was no s

58、hade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者对待露营态度的改变。 36. D根据前文可知三年前作者认为露营和自己无关，而后文中表明 作者热爱露营，暗示此处作者对待露营的情感态度应该出现转变。D选 项中的however表示转折。其次，If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping暗示作者态度的 转变就在三年前，D选项中的since then“自从那时候起”和前文时间吻 合

59、。 37. C根据后文We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom可知作者第一次 露营条件很艰苦，C项选The trip they took me on was a rough one.中的 rough暗示了这一点，符合语境。 38. A根据前文We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the sh

60、ower and use the bathroom可知作者第一次 露营时住帐篷，露天生火做饭，走很远的距离去洗澡、上厕所，条件很 艰苦，而后文中Instead, we had a popup camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner说明作者第二次露营有床和空调。A选项 This time there was no tent“这次没有帐篷了”暗示作者进行了第二次露 营，而且条件比较好，符合语境。 39. F根据后文we bought a twentyeightfoot travel trailer complete with a ba