定语从句知识要点及练习

1、定语从句一.定语从句：修饰名词的句子先行词：被从句修饰的词关系词：做题方法：找先行词把先行词带到定语从句中看从句中做什么成分在从句中做主语、宾语： that , which , who , whom , as做定语：whose做状语： whe n , where , why1. After living in Paris for fifty years , he returned to the small townhe grew up as a child .A. which B. where C. thatD. whe n2. Can you tell me the n ame of the

2、 factoryyou visited last week.A. what B. where C. / D. whe n3. Do you still remember the timewe spe nt together play ing games ?A. whe n B. that C. where D. what4. Recently , a terrible earthquake happened in the Southern Asian Area ,the people are still suffering.A. from their effects B. of which e

3、ffectsC. of its effects D. from whose effects二、只用that或只能用which引导的定语从句：（1）关系词只能用that的情况：a. He was the first person that passed the exam.b. Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？c. This is the same bike that I lost.d. I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the roo

4、m.e. Who is the girl that is crying ？f. There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.（2）关系词只能用which，而不用that的情况：a. What qhat which is under the desk？b. This is the room in which he lives.c. Tom came back， which made us happy.练习：1. Allis n eeded is a supply of oil.A. the thi ngB. that C. what D. wh

5、ich2. Finally , the thief handed everything he had stolen to the police. A. after B. what C.whatever D. that3. The archeologist has discovered one of the most valuable pictureshave ever bee n pain ted . A.what B. that C. which D. /4. Every one wan ted to see the pla ne and pilothad made the rescue.A

6、. which B. whom C. who D. that5. Which of the two cowsyou keep produces more milk ?A. that B. which C. whom D. what6. Beiji ng is no Ion ger the cityit used to be .7.1 don likeyou speak to her.A. the way B. the way in thatC. the way which D. the way of which三、 考查非限制性定语从句及which在非限制性定语从句中的应用：1. She he

7、ard a terrible no ise ,brought her heart into her mouth.A. it B. which C. this D. that2. The weather tur ned out to be good ,was more tha n we could expect. A. what B. it C. whe nD. which3. I have many friends ,some are bus in ess men.A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom4. He was educated a

8、t ao cal grammar school,he went on to Cambridge. A. from which B. after thatC. after which D. from this5. The book was writte n in 1946,the educati on system has wit nessed great cha nges. A. whe n B. duri ngwhich C. since the n D. since whe n6. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine

9、mon ths , the saili ng time was 226 days.A. of which B. duri ng which C. from which D. for which四、考查as在定语从句的用法，及其与 which的区别1. 区别：as有正如，就像”之意，而which没有as引导的从句可放在句首、句中、句末；而 which引导的从句不能放在句首。2. 常用的这种类似插入语的句式有：As is said above as is known to all as is already men ti oned above as is ofte n the case as of

10、te n happe nsas we all can see as is reported in the n ewspaperas is show n in picture as may be imagi ned3. 构成 such -as; the same -as结构，as弓丨导限制性定语从句He lives in the same buildi ngwe do .I shall do it i n the same wayyou do .Note : the same -as 与 the same -that 的区另U :The same -as 是指; This is the same

11、 penI lost （ 一样）The same that 是指; This is the same pen I lost .（同一个）1. is men ti oned above , the nu mber of the stude nts in Senior high schools is in creas ing.A. WhichB. As C. That D. It2. These houses are sold at such a low pricepeople expected. A. like B. as C. that D. Which五、考查“介词+关系代词”用法1.ln

12、the dark street , there wasn ta single personshe could turn for help. A. that B. who C. forwhom D. to whom2. In the office I n ever seem to have time un til after 5:30 ,many people have gone home.A. whose B. that C. on which D. by which time3. Recen tly , I bought an ancient Chin ese vase ,was very

13、reas on able.A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose4. Last week , only two people came to look at the house ,wan ted to buy it.A. none of them B. both of themC. none of themD. n either of whom六、考查带有“插入语”的定语从句1. Dorothy was always speak ing highly of her role in the p

14、lay ,of course made the others un happy.A. who B. which C. this D. what2. He made ano ther won derful discovery ,of great importa nee to scie nee.A. which I thi nk is B. which I thi nk it isC. which I thi nk it D. I thi nk which is七、考查“分割式”定语从句1. It was an excit ing mome nt for these football fans t

15、his year ,for the first time in years their team wonthe World Cup. A. that B. while C. which D. whe n2. The film brought the hours back to me ,I was take n good care of in that far away village.A. un tilB. that C. whe n D. where3. All things happe nedI expected . A. whatB. whe nC. that D. which八、考查固

16、定搭配中宾语提前的定语从句1. Your family are really very kind . I ll never forget theyou e done me .A. a favor B. kindn essC. help D. deed2. Thehe took to gather materials for us moved us a lot.A. problem B. difficulty C. trouble D. effort3. Mrs Brow n was much disappo in ted to see the wash ing mach ine she had

17、 hadwent wrong aga in.A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired4. That the best way we could think ofthe dying worker.A. save B. saved C. savi ng D. to save5. You can imagi ne the great trouble we have had this pla n.A. carry out B. carry ing outC. carried out D. to carry out6. I lay in sof

18、a , enjoying the beautiful music Tom hadout of this DVD.A. come B. it come C. coming D. it coming7. With everyth ing she n eeded, she went home happily.A. buy B. bought C. buying D. to buy8. Im exam ining the compositi on he has just fini shedany possible mistakes in it.A. correct B. corrected C. co

19、rrect ingD. to correct9. The pers on Dr Joh nson is speak ing tous a talk on computers yesterday.A. give B. gaveC. givi ngD. give n10. The day we have long bee n look ing forward toat last.A. come B. came C. coming D. has come11. The stude nt who bee n referred toforward to going abroad for further

20、educatio n.A. look B. looks C. look ing D. havi ng looked12. Lincoln stepmother did everything she couldget him more books .A. help B. helped C. helpi ng D. to help13. The place I used to gojust right for a pic nic.A. is B. was C. to be D. to is14. My parents love me dearly of course and will do all

21、 they cansure that I get a good education.A. make B. made C. maki ngD. to make15. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had tosome schools for poor childre n.A. set up B. setti ng up C. have set up D. havi ng set up16. His un cle , though not very rich , spe nt all he hadhim a new computer.A. b

22、ought B. buying C. to buy D. to have bought十、考查定语从句与其他相关句型的区别：1、考查定语从句与并列句的区别：She thought I was talk ing about her daughter , in face ,I was walk ing about my daughter.A. whom B. where C. which D. while比较： Soon they came to a farmhouse , and ,roof was much higher tha n others. Soon they came to a fa

23、rmhouse ,roof was much higher tha n others.A. which B. whose C. that D. it2、考查定语从句与状语从句的区别： When you read the book m, you better make a maskyou have any questions.A. at which B. at where C. the place where D. where After the war , a new school build ing was put up at a placethere had once bee n a th

24、eatre.A. which B. where C. at that D. that You should make it a rule to leave thingsyou can find them aga in.A. which B. where C. whe nD. the n Were just reach ing a pointboth sides will sit dow n together and talk .A. where B. thatC. whe nD. which比较： It is such a moder n mach inefew of the workers

25、know how to operate it. It is such a moder n mach inefew of the workers know how to operate .A. as B. which C. / D. That3、考查定语从句与名词性从句的区别：比较定语从句与主语从句： The fact puzzled me muchI have bee n un able to pass the drivi ng test up to now. Do you un dersta nd the facthe expla ined to you just now ?A. that

26、B. which C. the one D. as比较定语从句与主语从句： is wellknown tous all , the earth goes around the sun. is wellknown tous all that the earth goes around the sun.A. ThatB. AsC. ItD. Which4、考查定语从句与强调句型的区别：比较：It is the n ews that he told me yesterday.It is the n ews that made me angry .十、定语从句常见错误例析：1遗漏关系代词： The c

27、ha nges have take n place in the past few years make the city look even more beautiful. Those want to visit the art exhibiti on sig n your n ame , please.2 Those compositions we handed them in two weeks ago haven tbeen marked yet. After livi ng in Paris for 50 years , he returned to the small tow n

28、where he grew up as a child there.3. as , it , which It has been mentioned above , the number of senior high school students is increasing. It is known toall , smoki ng does harm to health. Tom drinks a lot every day , as his wife doesn like at all4.从句中误用人称代词或物主代词1) China has hun dreds of isla nds ,

29、the largest of them is Taiwa n .China has hun dreds of isla nds ,isTaiwan.China has hun dreds of isla nds ,isTaiwan.2) He has two sons ,both of them are doctors.He has two sons ,are doctors.He has two sons ,are doctors.3) The boss in his departme nt Mr. king worked looked dow n upon wome n.The bossl

30、ooked dow n upon wome n.5关系代词与关系副词混用Correct the follow ing sentences What I missed badly are those happy hours when I spent together with them. I lived in Hong Kong , where is the Special Administrative Zone. Is this museum the one where some German friends visited the other day?6. 用V-ing结构替换定语从句 Th

31、e girl binging milk here every morning is from a mountain village.The girlis from a moun tai n village. The scholars returning from abroad recently were awarded by the local government.The scholarswere awarded by the local gover nment.7. 定语从句中的主谓一致问题Correct the followi ng senten ces: I, who your clo

32、se friend, will certainly help you when in trouble.I, , will certa in ly help you whe n in trouble. This is the only one of the tape- recorders in the sound lab that don tneed repairing.This is the only one of the tape-recorders in the sound lab定语从句-定语从句的特殊用法一. 限定性定语从句中只用that的情况：1. 当先行词是不定代词all , mu

33、ch, little, someth ing, everyth ing, nothing, none, the one 时：Eg: 1) Do you have anythingyou want to say for yourself?2) Fi nally, the thief hand everyth inghe had stole n to the police.A which B what Cwhatever D that2. 当先行词前面有 the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all, same 等词修饰时：Eg: 1)(这就是我正在等

34、的人.)2) The only thing( 我们能做的 )is give you some money.3. 当先行词是形容词的最高级或先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时：Eg: 1) This is the besthas bee n used aga inst polluti on.2)(这是我看到的最有趣的电影 .)4. 当先行词是序数词或先行词前面有序数词修饰时：Eg: 1) This train is the lastwill go to Suzhou.2) What is the first America n filmyou have see n?5. 当先行词既有人又有物时：Eg:

35、 Do you know( 他们正在谈论的人和物吗？)？6. 当主句的主语时 who或which时：Eg: 1) which of the two cowsyou keep produces more milk?A that B which C whom D what2) Who is the boywon the gold medal?7. 句子中有两个定语从句时，其中一个已用which,另外一个易用that.Eg: They secretly built up a small factory, which produced thingscould cause polluti on.8. 当

36、先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中也作表语时：Eg: Shan ghai is no Ion ger the cityit used to be.二. 定语从句中只用 which不用that的情况：1.在非限定性定于从句中只用 which不用that .Eg: 1) Hele n was much kin der to her youn gest son tha n to the others, of course, made the othersenvy him.2) New York,last year, is a nice city.A that I visited B which

37、 I visited C where I visited D in which I visited2. 在由介词+关系代词 的这一形式中Eg: 1) Here is the carI told you yesterday.2) The retiri ng teacher made a speechshe tha nked the class for the gift.A which B of which C in which D that3. 为避免重复。Eg: That is the collegejust ope ned six mon ths ago.4. 在定语从句中出现了 I thi

38、nk或I guess等时。Eg: 1) This dict ionaryI think is the best one among all my dict ion aries, is n ew.2) The man is singing highly of his goodsI guess are not good eno ugh.三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句介词+关系代词引导定语从句时，关系代词只能用which(指物)或whom (指人)，即：介词+which/who1. 当介词放在关系代词的前面时，关系代词只用which或whom,且不能省。Eg:1) Is this the hous

39、eShakepeare was born?2) In the dark street, there wasn t a single personshe could turn for help.2. 复合介词短语+关系代词which ”引导的定语从句，这种结构引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号分开， 定语从句常用倒装语序。Eg: He lived in a big house, in front of which stood a big tree.3. 关系代词还可由名词 /代词+of +which/whom 来引起，表示部分与整体的关系。Eg:1) She had three brothers,(

40、所有的)became doctors.2) He paid the boy for wa shing ten windows, most ofhadn t been cleaned at least a year.A these B those C that D which3) The Un ited States is made up of fifty states, one ofis separated from the others by the PacificOcea n.A them B those C which D whose4. 短语或词组+关系代词引导的定语从句，短语或词组主

41、要是：复杂介词，介词，代词，数词，形容词最高级、比较级等。Eg: 1) China has hun dreds of isla nds,the largest is Taiwa n.2) I borrowed three books from the library,( 其中两本很值得一读 )。3) The boys,could not reach the shelf, went to look for someth ing to sta nd on.A the tall of whomB the taller of whom C the tallest one D the tallest o

42、f them4) Kno wledge is a deep sea,there can t be eno ugh.A of itB of whatC of that D of which5. 介词+which/whom+不定式也可作定语，相当于一个定语从句。Eg: 1) The farmers used wood to build a house(= where /in which they stored grain s.)2) He is look ing for a place( = in which he can live.)3) The beggar has no money(= th

43、at/ which he can buy food with.)4) Your son needs a friend( =with whom he can play.)四关系代词as引导的定语从1. as引导限定性定语从句常用于下列句式：Such+名词+as :像一样的，像之类的The same +名词+ as :和 同样的区分 the same + 名词 +that :其中关系代词 as在从句中充当 ,Eg: 1) We have found such materialsare used in their factory.2) He is not the same manhe was.3)

44、John will sing the same songPeter has just sung.(同一个)2. as引导非限定性定语从句注意和which的区别。1) 2)Eg: 1)is known to us all, the moon travels round the earth once every mon th.A ItB As C That D What2) John said he d been working in the office for an hour,was true.A he B this C which D who3) has bee n announced ab

45、ove, the nu mber of the stude nts in senior high schools is in creas ing.A That B As C It D WhatAs引导的非限定性定语从句常用在句中形成固定句式：1. as we all know /as is well known to all 众所周知2. as was expected正如预料的那样3. as an ybody can see, as can be see n 谁都看的出来4. as is said above 女口上所述5. as has bee n poi nted out正如已经指出的那

46、样6. as we can see正如我们都看到的那样7. as is mentioned above 正如上面提至U的8. as often happens正如经常发.生的那样五. The way the reason the time作先行词定语从句的引导词。The way 作先行词定语从句的引导词可以为： ,Eg: 1) What surprised me was not what he said but the wayhe said it.2) The wayhe explained to us was quite simple.The reason作先行词定语从句的引导词可以为： ,

47、Eg; 1) The reason(他迟至U的原因 )was that he had taken a wrong bus.2) The reas onhe expla ined was reas on able.当先行词是time时，若time作次数”讲，应用关系代词 that引导定语从句，that可省略，若time 作“一段时间”讲，应用关系代词 when或at/during+ which引导定语从句。Eg: 1) This is the sec ond timeI have bee n here.2) This was at a timethere was no radios, no te

48、leph on es, or no TV sets.3) Can you still remember the timewe spe nt together in our childhood?六. 关系副词where1. 高考对关系副词where的考查。高考试题中对于 where的考查趋于复杂，从先行词为明显的时间转化为地点的模糊化。事实上，对于where这个词，考生不能只理解为表地点。当先行词表示某人、物的situation,或某事所发展的stage或表达某事的某个方面时可用where这个关系副词。Eg: 1) The accide nt had reached to a pointboth

49、 their pare nts are to be called in.2) I can think of many casesstude nts obviously knew a lot of En glish words and expressi ons butcouldn t write a good essay.3) I can think of many casesyou know nothing about.2. from + where 引导的定语从句有时from +where表示一个更确切的位置，使句子显得意思更为明了。Eg: We all stood on the top o

50、f the high building,we could see the whole city.A to which B from where C from which D which七.定语从句用法的其它要点。1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时不能省略。2当引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句中谓语动词的单复数形式应与先行词保持一致。(1) one of +复数名词+关系代词+复数动词Eg: Tita nic is one of the most won derful movies that(have) bee n produced in Hollywood.(2) the onl

51、 y/very one of +复数名词+关系代词+单数动词Eg: The Great Wall is the only one of the buildi ngs on the earth that(be) see n from the moon.注意： not the only one of=one ofEg: Tom isn t the only one of the bo (have) passed the exam.(3) I, who(be) your teacher, will try my best to help you.3. which在非限定性定语从句中作定语，而as则不

52、行。Eg:1) I called him the wrong n ame, for which mistake I apologized.2) My mother asked her to send for a doctor immediately, which advice she took.4. which在非限定性定语从句中可以作介词的宾语，还可以代替一个单词，而as则不能。Eg: The problem,was discussed just now, put us in a difficult situati on.八通常使用非限定性定语从句的情况。1. 当先行词为人名，地名等时。Eg

53、: 1) Mr Li, whom every one likes, will leave soon.2) Beijing, which is China s capital, is beautiful.2. 专用名词为先行词时。Eg: 1) Football, which is a very in terest ing game, is played all over the world.2) Bob s father, who worked on the project, spent four years in Egypt.3. 当先行词为人称代词时。Eg: I, who am your f

54、rien d, like play ing football.4. 表补充概念时。Eg: His brother, who is in the army, is visit ing Shan ghai next week.5. 当先行词被形容性物主代词my, his,指示代词this, those等修饰时Eg:1) All the books, which he bought yesterday, are very useful.2) Those houses, most of which were already full, were surro un ded by an angry cro

55、wd.九特殊的关系代词。1.当先行词有比较级修饰时，关系代词用than.Eg: 1) He gave more money tha n is expected.2) He retur ned home much soonerwas expected.A which B as C tha nD but2.当先行词被no修饰时，关系代词用but.Eg:1) There was no one in my familywas glad to hear the good news.A that B who C as D but2) There iswould be surprised at the n

56、ews.A no man but who B no man but C no man D not any man定语从句(2009各地高考题)1. (湖南卷 26) I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city name will create a picture of beautiful treesand gree n grass in our mind.A. which B. of which C. that D. whose2. (辽宁卷 23) They ve won their last three matchesI find a bit surprising actually.A. thatB. whe nC. whatD. which3. （全国卷 I ） She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.A. them B. Who C. whom D .these4. （江苏卷 23） Bec