中考英语初三被动语态

1、第九讲 被动语态【学习目标】 掌握被动语态的基本用法，并且记忆相关的特殊情况。【知识要点】一、主动语态和被动语态 英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。主语是动作的执行者，叫做主动语态；主语是动作的承受者，叫做被动语态。 例如： We swept the floor. 我们打扫了地板。（主动语态） The floor was swept. 地板被打扫过。（被动语态） 二、被动语态的构成 1. 被动语态的基本结构：be + 动词的过去分词一般现在时is/am/are +done一般过去时was/were +done一般将来时will be +done过去将来时would be +done现在进行时i

2、s/am/are being +done过去进行时was/were being +done现在完成时has/have been +done过去完成时had been +done情态动词的被动语态： can / should / must / need / would / may + be + 动词的过去分词 2什么时候使用被动语态 (1) 在没有指明动作的执行者的情况下。 例如： The meeting was held last week. 会议上周召开了。 English is taught in all middle schools. 所有中学都开设英语课。 (2) 要强调动作的承受者而

3、不是执行者时。 例如： Teapots are used for drinking. 茶壶是饮水用的。 Wheres cotton produced? 棉花产于何地？ The bike was stolen yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午自行车被偷了。 3. 主动语态变被动语态特殊情形 1.英语中有很多动词如 break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式 表达被动意义,主语通常是物。例 This kind of cloth washes well.注意：

4、主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。试比较：The door wont lock （指门本身有毛病）The door wont be locked （指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因）2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。例 How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？3. 系

5、动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。 例Your reason sounds reasonable4在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。例如：Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. A stranger was seen to walk into th

6、e building.I saw him play football on the playground just now. He was seen to play football on the playground just now.5. 有双宾语的句子变成被动语态有两种情况：间接宾语（人）变成被动语态的主语，直接宾语（物）仍保留原位例如：He gave me a pen yesterday. I was given a pen (by him) yesterday.例如：He gave me a pen yesterday. A pen was given to me (by him)

7、yesterday. My mother bought me a book last Sunday. A book was bought for me (by my mother) last Sunday.6. 动词短语变为被动语态时不能漏了其中的介词或副词 例如：We should listen to the teacher carefully in class. The teacher should be listened to carefully in class (by us). 7. It is said that+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe,

8、 consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“Itbe过去分词that从句”或“主语be过去分词to do sth.”有：It is said that 据说,It is reported that据报道，It is believed that大家相信，It is hoped that大家希望，It is well known that众所周知，It is thought that大家认为，It is suggested that据建议。例It is said that the boy has passed the national

9、 exam. The boy is said to have passed the national exam. 【经典练习】1._ a new library _ in our school last year?A. Is ; built B. Was ; built C. Does ; build D .Did ; build2.An accident _ on this road last week.A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened3.Cotton _ in the southeast of C

10、hina.A. is grown B. are grown C .grows D. grow4.So far, the moon _ by man already.A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited5.A talk on Chinese history _ in the school hall next week.A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives6.A lot of things _ by people to save

11、 the little girl now.A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D.will be done7.The doctor _ for yet.A. isnt sent B. hasnt been sent C. wont be sent D. wasnt sent8.-When _ this kind of computer_? -Last year.A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used9.Who _ this book _?A. did; written B.

12、was; written by C. did; written D .was; written10.Mary _ show me her new dictionary.A. has asked to B. was asked to C. is asked D .asks to11.A story _ by Granny yesterday.A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D .told us12.The monkey was seen _ off the tree.A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to j

13、ump13.Older people _ well.A. looks after B .must be looked after C. must look after D .looked after14.Our teacher _ carefully.A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened15. In some part of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar.A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. ser

14、ved16. It was reported that the murderer _ arrested.A. has been B. had been C. has D. had17. Do you think that the bridge _ in a year?A. would be completed B. will be completedC. had been completed D. is being completed18. Great changes _ in China since the Peoples Republic of China _ in 1949.A. hav

15、e taken place; was founded B. has taken place; was foundedC. have been taken place; founded D. took place; founded19.Why does Ling Ling look so unhappy?She has _ by her classmates.A. laughed B. laughed at C. been laughed D. been laughed at20. Doctors _ in every part of the world.A. need B. B.are nee

16、ding C. are needed D. will need21. I promise that matter will _.A. be taken care B. be taken care of C. take care D. take care of22. No permission has _ for anybody to enter the building.A. been given B. given C. to give D. be given23. I _ ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.A. g

17、ave B. was given C. was giving D. had given24. Can such a thing _ happening again?A. prevent from B. prevented from C. be prevented from D. to prevent from25. A new house _ at the corner of the road.A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building26. This bike _ last year.A. bought B. h

18、as been bought C. was bought D. had been bought27. Did you see the house that _ by fire last year?A. was destroying B. destroyed C. would destroy D. was destroyed28. It _ whether she will get her work in the hospital.A. hasnt been decided B. isnt decidingC. doesnt decide D. hasnt decided29. The pen

19、_ me. It is hers.A. isnt belong to B. wasnt belong to C. doesnt belong to D. didnt belong to30. I cant use my bike because it _.A. is repairing B. is being repaired C. will repair D. was repairing31. The chairman told the speaker that she _ to speak a little louder so as to make herself _.A. was exp

20、ected; heard B. had expected; hear .C had hoped; hear D. was hoped; heard32 The window is dirty. I know. It _ for weeks. A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleane33. By the end of last year, another new gymnasium _ in Beijing. A. would be completed B. was being completedC

21、. has been completed D. had been completed34.How long _ at this job? Since 1990.A. were you employed B. have you been employedC. had you been employed D .will you be employed35.What happened to the priceless works of art?_.A. They were destroyed in the earthquake B. The earthquake was destroying themC. They destroyed in the earthquake D. The earthquake destroyed them36. This is Teds photo. We miss him