《孙子兵法》论文：《孙子兵法》 注释 曹操

1、 孙子兵法论文：孙子兵法 注释 曹操【中文摘要】孙子兵法是我国现存最早、也是最具影响的军事理论专著之一,历代对其进行注解的学者不计其数,孙子十家注收录了北宋中期之前十一位学者的注解,成为孙子兵法最为重要的传本之一。这些注作出现的时间都比较早,所以都有不少的缺点,但他们相互结合、相互补充,比较完备地揭示了孙子兵法的思想内涵,并且保留了部分佚文,因此具有不可估量的价值。在本篇论文,试图对这些注作内容进行系统全面的研究。孙子十家注中注家比较多,其中有曹操、杜牧、梅尧臣这样久负盛名的学者,史料对他们的记载非常丰富；而如贾林、何氏名气没那么大、地位没那么高的学者,在史料中对他们的记载相对来说模糊一些,再

2、加上相近年代有与他们名字相近的学者记录在史料中,所以读者难以区分“贾林”和“贾隐林”,“何氏”和“何延锡”,因此在对这两人的了解上便有一些偏差；还有一些注家如孟氏、李筌、陈皞等人,由于其自身影响原因,查遍史料均没有记载,仅能从只言片语中了解他们的情况。因此对注家的研究考证便显得非常重要,在本论文第二部分便着重对孙子十家注的形成过程进行考述,对十一位注家的生存年代分别进行考证,最终判断出相对合理的顺序,即：曹操、孟氏、李筌、杜佑、贾林、杜牧、陈皞、梅尧臣、王皙、何氏、张预。十一位注家的生存年代虽然跨度不大,但也并非同时代的学者,而且他们的历史地位以及学术水平也都有着较大的差异。注家的历史地位决定

3、了其注文在后世的流传情况,及保留下来佚文的多少；而注家学术水平的高低则直接决定了其注文的质量。为了便于读者阅读、学习、研究孙子十家注,本论文第三部分对十家注文一一进行评议,综合来看,曹操、杜牧、张预是最优秀的三家,在学习、研究孙子兵法注文时,此三家注是首选；杜佑、陈皞、梅尧臣也为孙子兵法的注释做出了突出的贡献,但整体来说还是不如曹、杜、张三家的,可以把他们排在前三家之后；李筌、王皙、何氏各有特色,在自己擅长的方面上都做出了一定的贡献；而孟氏、贾林保留下来的注文太少,不便妄加判断。【英文摘要】as chinas oldest and also the most influential exist

4、ed masterpiece studying military theory, military science of sun tzu has fascinated numerous scholars in all ages to write annotations for it. having collected annotations of eleven masters in the middle of song dynasty,military science of sun tzu with annotations of ten masters thus becomes the mos

5、t important edition among the others. although these annotations all contain certain defects as they appeared in a very early stage, they supplement each other to successfully reveal ideological contents of military science of sun tzu to an integrated extent, and more importantly, keep parts of the

6、original, hence possess inestimable value. this paper mainly research into the contents of these annotations.military science of sun tzu with annotations of ten masters contains works of many masters, including famous scholars like cao cao, du mu and mei yaochen who have detailed records in many his

7、torical materials and a lot of enthusiastic readers because of their critical role in chinas literature history. as for other scholars who share less importance, such as jial lin and he shi, information about them in historical records is often not so clear; moreover, scholars with similar names in

8、the same or near age add to readers difficulty of correctly identifying them, for example, jia lin and jia yinlin, he shi and he yanxi. therefore, most peoples understanding of these two scholars deviate from the fact. some other writers, such as meng shi, li quan and chen hao have no record at all,

9、 which may due to the remote time and their little influence. consequently, we can only study them from a few words, which increase the significance of the research on annotation writers.second part of the thesis is mainly discussing on generation of ten masters notes on the art of war. also, this p

10、art gives a justified chronological order of the ten masters:cao cao, meng, li quan, du you, jia lin, du mu, chen hao, mei raochen, wang xi, he and zhang yu.although the times these eleven masters lived in are close, they are still not scholars of the same age. furthermore, their historical importan

11、ce and academic level also vary a lot. there are different methods to write annotations in different ages; the emphasis also differs from each other. the historical importance of the writer will decide the spread of his annotations and how many original writings can be preserved to modern time while

12、 the writers academic level will directly influence the quality of annotations. to help readers read, study and research on military science of sun tzu with annotations of ten masters,the third part of the thesis mainly comments on the 10 masters notes. one the whole, cao caos, du mus and zhang yus

13、notes are considered to be the first 3 choices while researching notes on the art of war. notes of du yous, chen haos and mei raochens are outstanding,their notes are considered to be second choices for research. notes of li quans, wang xis and hes are with distinguish features. these three masters

14、made a great contribution on their excels aspects, and their notes are deemed to be the third choices for research. comparatively,mengs and jia lins notes are not rich enough for study.【关键词】孙子兵法 注释 曹操【英文关键词】military science of sun tzu annotation cao cao【目录】孙子十家注研究摘要4-5abstract5-6引言9-111 孙子兵法、孙子十家注及其研究现状11-161.1 孙子与孙子兵法11-121.2 孙子十家注12-162 孙子十家注形成考述16-312.1 “十家”注者及其顺序考16-282.1.1 魏晋南北朝:曹操、梁孟氏16-182.1.2 隋唐五代:李筌、杜佑、贾林、杜牧、陈皞18-232.1.3 宋代:梅尧臣、王皙、何氏、张预23-282.2 吉天保汇孙子十家注时间考28-313 孙子十家注评议31-473.1 曹操注评议31-333.2 孟氏注评议333.3 李筌注评议33-353.4 杜佑注评议35-363.5 贾林注评议363.6 杜