名词性从句详细讲解1

1、名词性从句讲解英语从句三大类型 按一般说法，可分为三大类 14 种从句。 一,名词性从句1 主语从句 Whether its right or not remains to be seen.2 宾语从句 I wonder whether its right or not.3 同位语从句 This is a question whether its right or not.4 表语从句 The question is whether its right or not.二,形容词性从句（定语从句）1 限定性定语从句 She is the student who can speak English

2、 well.2 非限定性定语从句 She is the student,who can speak English well.三,副词性从句（状语从句）1 时间状语从句The fact will come out when he comes here.2 地点状语从句You can go wherever you like.3原因状语从句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are astudent.4 方式状语从句He walks as if he were a king.5目的状语从句She went to Japan so that

3、 she could learn Japanese well.6结果状语从句She went to Japan so that she learned Japanese well.7 条件状语从句 I will understand it if he tells me.8 让步状语从句 He knows a lot though he is little.一、名词性从句在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句，功能相当于名词词组，根据在句中不同的语法功能，分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从 句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that, whether, if （不充当从句的

4、任何成分）连接代词： what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接畐U词： whe n, where, how, why1. 主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether, if 禾口连接代词 what, who , which, whatever, whoever 以 及连接副词how, when, where, why等词引导。that在句中无词义， 只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、 又起连接作用，在从句中充当一定的成分。主语从句后的谓语动词一 般用单数形式。由疑问

5、词引导的名词性从句，语序为陈述句语序。例 如： That he sudde nly feel illsurprised me a lot他 突然生病让我很吃惊。 vWhat he wan ts to tell us_is n ot clear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。 vWhere the English evening will be helhas not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语 放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。It is known to us how he became a

6、 writer.我们都知道他是如何成为 一名作家的。It doesn matter how we dealt with the problem .我们怎样处理这个问 题无关紧要。2. 宾语从句名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主 语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及 非谓语动词的宾语。1) .由连接词that引导的宾语从句由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语 或非正式的文体中常被省去，但在以下几种特殊情况，引导宾语从句 的连词that不能省略：a.当为了强调把that引导的宾语从句可位于句首时，that不能省略。

7、如：That she is a good girl I kno w.她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的That he ever said such a thing I simply don t believe. 我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。b.当that从句与动词被其他词或从句隔开时，that 一般不宜省略， 以免造成语义混乱。如：They told us once again that the situation was serious.他们又一次告诉 我们说形势是严重的。The dealer told me how much he was prepared to pay for my car a

8、ndthat I could have the money without delay.那个商人告诉我他准备 出多少钱买我的汽车，并说我会立即收到款。3. 当两个或多个that引导的宾语从句并列使用时，即使省略了第一个从句的引导词that，后面的that也不可省略。如：He said (that) he couldn til you right away and that you wouldn understand.他说他不能马上告诉你，你是不会理解的。He said (that) it was nhts bus in ess and that the gover nment should d

9、o something about it.他说这不关他的事，而是政府应该对这事想点办 法。注意：在 dema nd、order、suggest decide、in sist, desire, dema nd, request,comma nd等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“(should)+动词原形”。例如：I insist that she (should) do her work alone.我坚持要她自己工作。The commander ordered that troops (should) set of at once. 司令员命令部队马上出发。2) .用

10、who, whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句， 应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如： I want to know what he has told you .我想知道他告诉了你 什么。She always thinks ofhow she can work well.她总是在想怎样能把工作 做好。She will givewhoever needs help a warm support 凡需要帮助的人，她 都会给予热情的支持。3) .用wh

11、ether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠 倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲 时在下列情况下一般只能用 whether，不用if:a.引导主语从句并在句首时；b.引导表语从句时；c .引导从句作介 词宾语时；d.从句后有“ or not”时；e.后接动词不定式时。例如： Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。 Everythi ng depe nds on whether we have eno ugh mon ey. 一切要看

12、我们是否有足够的钱4）.注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自 身的句子情况，而使用不同时态。例如：He studies English every day.（从句用一般现在时）He studied English last term.（从句用一般过去时）I know （that） he will study English next year.（从句用一般将来时）He has studied En glish si nee 1998.（从句用现在完成时）当主句动词是过去时态（could, would除外），从句则要用相应的过去 时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；

13、当从句表示的是 客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。例如：The teacher told us that Tom had left us for AmericaThe teacher told us that Tomjjs a boy.5）. th ink, believe, imag ine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中, 要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句 中（否定转移）。例如：We don t thi nk you are here.我们认为你不在这。I don t believe he will do so.我相信他不会这样做

14、。3.表语从句在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的引导词与引导主从句的引导词大致一样，表语从句位于系动词后，有时也可用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语 +系动词+引导词+从句。例如：The fact is that we have lost the game.事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。That is why he didn come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不至U会的原因。It looks as if it is going to rain.看上去天要下雨了。需要注意的，当主语是 reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because 例如：The re

15、ason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morni ng4. 同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容的从句是同位语从句。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有 advice、dema nd、doubt、 fact、hope、idea、information、message news、order、problem、 promise、 question、 request、 suggestion truth、 wish、 word 等。例如：The n ewsthat we won the

16、game is excit ing.我们赢得这场比赛的消息令 人激动。The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能 玛丽生病了。同位语从句和定语从句的区别： 同位语从句所修饰的词是有限的一些抽象名词， 而定语从句就没有这 种限制。 that 作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在 从句中作宾语时可以省略； that 引导同位语从句时， 起连词的作用， 没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。试比较下面两个例句 :I had no idea that you were here（that 引导同位语

17、从句，不能省略） Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？ （that 引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）名词性从句专项练习 100 题1. His success was because of he had been working hard.A. that B. the fact which C. the fact that D. the fact2. “Is Mary from New York City” “ I dont know .A. from what city does s

18、he come from B. from what city she comeC. what city does she come from D. what city she comes from3. makes mistakes must correct them.A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever4. The reason why I didnt go to Shanghai was a new job.A. because I got B. because of getting C. I got D. that I got5. It worrie

19、d her a bit her hair was turning grey.A. while B. that C. if D. for6. Henry killed the dog. Ill ask him why .A. did he do that B. he did that C. he did D. he has done so7. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know .A. how he is getting along B. how is he getting alongC. what he is getting alo

20、ng D. what is he getting along8. It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever9. He asked me with me.A. what is the troubleB. what wrong wasC. what was the matter D. what trouble it is10. I am sure he said is true.A. that B. about t

21、hat C. of that D. that what11. When and why he came here yet.A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not bee12. I wonder how much .A. does the watch costB. did the watch costC. the watch costed D. the watch costs13. Mary is someone might recognize her.A. afraid of B. afraid about C

22、. afraid that D. afraid for14. is no reason for dismissing her.A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes lateC. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late15. They came to the conclusion by a computer.A. that not all things can be done B. because of not

23、 all things be done C. being not all things can be done D. because not all things can be done16. Why the explosion occurred was the laboratory attendanthad been careless.A. for B. because C. since D. that17. I dont doubt hell come.A. that B. if C. what D. whether18. “ Why did you go to the wrong cla

24、ss, Mr. Wang”“ Well, I forget I was supposed to go to. ”A. which the room B. which room C. what was the room D.what room was it19. Output is now six times it was before liberation.A. that B. which C. what D. of which20. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet shes now buying a big house.Carol: Yes.

25、Because shes always saved .A. what little she earns B. how little she earnsC. for little she earns D. with little she earns21. surprised me most was such a little boy of sevencould play the violin so well.A. That what B. What that C. That which D. What which22. We gave him help we could.A. which B.

26、what C. that D. this23. She is pleased with what you have given him and you havetold him.A. that B. which C. all what D. all that24. Excuse me would you please tell me A. when the sports meet is taken place B. when is the sports meet going to be heldC. when is the sports meet to begin D. when the sp

27、orts meet is to take place25. Do you happen to know A. what size shoes he wears B. how big shoes he wearsC. what is the size of his shoes D. what number shoes are his26. This book will show you can be used in other contexts.A. how you have observed B. how what you have observedC. that you have obser

28、ved D. how that you have observed27. Where do you think A. has he gone B. has he been C. hes gone D. was he28. Do you know A. how many populations there are in the worldB. how much population there is in the worldC. how many the population of the world isD. what the population of the world is29. Wou

29、ld you go and see outsideA. what to take placeB. what Tom has happenedC. what is happening D. what the matter had been30. The subject of What is interesting is that I do not even know him. is.A. what B. interesting C. What is interesting D. I31. I think he is Charles.A. Who do you think he is B. Do

30、you think who he isC. Whom do you think he is D. Do you think who he is32. He didnt know which room .A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in33. The little boy ate his mother gave him.A. that B. which C. whatever D. no matter what34. The city is no longer .A. what it is B.

31、 that it used to be C. which it was D. what it used to be35. My parents used they had to get a new car for me.A. which B. that C. what D. all what36. we go swimming every day us a lot of good.A. If d(B. That doC. If does D. That does37. was the idea the wife thought ofA. What that B. That what C. Ho

32、w whyD. Why how38. did he tell his wife he wished to doA. That what B. What that C. Where whiclD. Which where39. One of the men held the view the book said was right.A. what that B. that what C. that which D. which that40. I have no idea or not he has finished the work.A. if B. that C. whether D. wh

33、ich41. “ Do you know ”“His father is a doctor. ”A. what is his father B. who is his fatherC. what his father is D. who his father is42. Is this we met each other two years agoA. place B. place in which C. where D. place which43. It Bob drives badly.A. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D

34、. is thought that44. We all know the truth there are air, water and sunlightthere are living things.A. where B. wherever C. thatD. that wherever45. They discussed they could settle the problem withoutothers help.A. if B. thatC. what D. whether46. She asked .A. what I was doing when she rang me up B.

35、 what was I doing when she rang me upC. when she rang me up what I was doing D. when did she ring me up what I was doing47. May I borrow the ring You can take you like.A. no matter what B. which C. whichever D. that48. He said that he was fond of .A. what beautiful is B. what is beautifulC. beautifu

36、l is what D. what it is beautiful49. He insisted that he in good health and to workthere.A. was, be sent B. is, is sent C. be, was sent D. be, send50. Do you know he expects will give us a talkA. who B. whom C. that D. whose51. Its uncertain the experiment is worth doing.A. if B. thatC. whether D. h

37、ow52. They would have fixed the telephone yesterday it was aholiday.A. except B. except for C. except thatD. but for53. is to do good all ones life and never do anything bad.A. Whichever is hard B. No matter what is hardC. What is hard D. All what is hard54. the boy didnt take medicine made his moth

38、er angry.A. That B. What C. How D. Which55. As the day was fine, I made the suggestion for a walk inthe park.A. we go B. we will go C. should we go D. that we go56. we cant get seems better than we have.A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what57. you dont like him is none of my busine

39、ss.A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether58. You cant imagine when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excited B. how excited they wereC. how excited were they D. they were how excited59. well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where60. he real

40、ly means is he disagrees with us.A. What that B. That whatC. Why that D. If what61. is going to do the job will be decided by the Partycommittee.A. ThatB. WhyC. HowD. Who62. well finish translating the book depends on the time.A. When B. WhyC. What D. That63. the house will be built will be discusse

41、d at tomorrowsmeeting.A. If B. Where C. That D. What64. he wont go there is clear to all of us.A. How B. What C. Why D. This65. you come or not is up to you.A. What B. If C. Why D. Whether66. makes mistakes must correct them.A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. Anybody67. team will win the match is a matt

42、er of public concern.A. Which B. That C. If D. How68. Three days later, word came our country had sent upanother man-made satellite.A. which B. when C. that D. where69. The problem is will go to the meeting.A. why B. when C. what D. who70.It looks it were going to rain.A. even if B. as if C. even th

43、ough D. like71. That is he likes the place so much.A. thatB. what C. why D. how72. That is Lu Xun once lived.A. what B. where C. that D. why73. We thought strange that Tom did not come yesterday.A. thatB. it C. this D. what74. The fact she had not said anything surprised all of us.A. which B. what C

44、. that D. how75. What Im considering now the money we need.A. is B. are C. were D. was76. Can you tell me A. who is that gentlemanB. that gentleman is whoC. who that gentleman isD. whom is that gentleman77. leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who78

45、. It is well known a person eats causes changes in the body.A. that what, when, and how B. thatC. what D. how79. The energy is makes the cells able to do their work.A. thatB. which C. what D. such80. Jack was soon told he did was not necessary.A. whyB. thatC. howD. why what81. We should think carefu

46、lly about Mr. Needham said at themeeting.A. thatB. whatC. which D. X82. Can you point out two radios are the bestA. which B. whatC. thatD. whether83. You will easily know video recorders （录相机 ） are thesame.A. what those B. that of those C. that all of D. which of those84. you have seen things like t

47、hese before doesnt matter.A. If B. Whether C. What D. When85. I asked her in English she was, and she told me she was an actress.A. who that B. who C. what X D. how that86. She took it for granted Id be back home an hour ago.A. that B. whether C. if D. when87. We think it possible the local governme

48、nt will be able tosolve the housing problem.A. for B. thatC. when D. how88. Now there is a danger the ground may fall in （沉下 ） underthe heavy traffic.A. whether B. if C. X D. that89. At that time I had no idea I could hand it to him withoutbeing seen.A. if B. how C. which D. that how90. Last Sunday he promised today, but he hasnt appearedyet.A. that he would come B. that he will comeC. he will come to see me D. whether he would come91. Last