研究生计算机专业英语考试资料汇编

1、学习-好资料一、把下列词汇翻译成英语（每小题1分，共18分）1)分布式系统distributednetwork10)约束满足constraintsatisfactionoperatingsystem11)搜索引擎searchengine2)命中率hitrate12)代理网关proxygateway3)管程monitor13)关系代数relationalgebra4)互斥mutualexclusion14)死锁检测deadlockdetection5)临界区criticalsection15)分形压缩fractalcompression6)宽度优先搜索breadthfirstsearch16)布

2、尔搜索booleansearch7)容错fault-tolerance17)地址解析协议addressresolution8)嵌入式系统embeddedoperatingprotocolsystem18)素数定理primenumbertheorem9)人机交互human-computerinteraction二、把下列术语翻译成汉语（每个1分，共17分）1.portability可移植性10.spacecomplexity空间复杂度2.hashcoding哈希编码11.patternmatch模式匹配3.diskmirroring磁盘镜像12.datawarehouse数据仓库4.expans

3、ionslot扩展插槽13.eigenvalue特征值5.touchscreen触摸屏14.courseware课件6.pagefault页面错误15.collisiondetection冲突检测7.virtualreality虚拟现实16.ontology本体工程学8.electroniccommerce电子商务17.cross-platform跨平台9.instructionprefetch指令领取三、写出下列缩写词的英文全称，并翻译成汉语（每小题2分，共16分）guigraphicaluserinterface图形用户界面riscreducedinstructionsetcomputer

4、，精简指令集计算机blobbinarylargeobject二进制大对象aiartificialintelligence人工智能cadcomputeraideddesign计算机辅助设计dssdecisionsupportsystem决策支持系统usbuniversalserialbus通用串行总线更多精品文档学习-好资料htmlhypertextmark-uplanguage超文本标记语言四、用英语回答问题（每小题5分，共35分）1.whatisthecommonstructureofapresentation?andwhichpartsareimportantandmustbeexplai

5、nedclearly?answer:titleofthepresentation/name/affiliationoftheauthoroutlinewhy/whatyouwanttodopriorart/relatedwork/whatsnewhowtodoresultsevaluation:contributions/advantages/limitationsapplications/recommendationsconclusion/futurework“whatsnew”，“howtodo”，and“results”areimportantandmustbeexplainedclea

6、rly.2.whatistheclearstructureofascientificpaper?whichsectionsdoyouneedtoaddressindetail?answer:ascientificpaperusuallyconsistsoftheabstract,keywords(optional),introduction,method,result,discussion(optional),conclusionfuturework,andreferenceintroductionmethodandresultmustbeaddressedindetail.3.whatist

7、hecommonstructureofathesis?whatshouldbedeclaredonthecoverpage?answer:athesisgenerallyconsistsofthecoverpage,abstract,acknowledgement,tableofcontents,listoffigures/tables,chapters,listofpublications,andbibliography.,thecoverpageprovidesthebasicinformationofyouandyourthesis,includingthetitleofyourthes

8、is,yourresearchdirectionyournameandaffiliationandthesubmittingtimeofyourthesis.更多精品文档学习-好资料4.whatkindsofdocumentsaregenerallynecessarytoapplyforavisa?answer:therequireddocumentsvarywiththecountries,butgenerallythefollowingarenecessary:visaapplicationformswithtwophotographsyourpassportthecertificateo

9、fflightreservationandhotelreservationthebalancecertificateofyourpersonalbankaccountconfirmationofyourstatusandaffiliationofficialinvitationletterfromtheconferenceorganizingcommitteevisaapplicationfee5.beforesubmittingyourpapertoaninternationaljournal/transaction,whatinformationshouldyouget?andwherec

10、anyoufindthat?answer:beforesubmittingyourpapertoaninternationaljournal/transaction,youshouldbefamiliarwiththesubmissionguidelinefortheappropriatepublication.theguidelineinformationcangenerallybefoundthroughselectingthelinkintheauthorresourcessectionofthewebpageprovidedbythejournalofreadcarefullythea

11、im,scope,policy,andsubmissionprocedurethejournal.thenclickonthesubmitmanuscripticonandsubmityourpaperstepbystepaccordingtothetextualprompt.6.whatsearchsitesdoyouoftenuse?doyouknowanypopulardatabaseofresearch?answer:mostpopularsearchsitesatpresentareprobablygoogleandyahoo!.engineeringvillageprovidesa

12、ccesstothetopinformationresourcesintheappliedscience,technicalandengineeringfieldsincludingcompendexandinspec.7.whatshouldyouconsiderofwhenyouselectaresearchsubject?answer:followyourinterest,attendtonewtheoryortechnology,thinkindependently,searchliteratureextensively,interdisciplinaryresearch更多精品文档学

13、习-好资料providesnewopportunity五、英译汉（25分）thisisntaiforaissakethisrenaissanceisnotoneofstand-aloneaiapplications.unlikefirst-generationaiapplications,ainowcanbeembeddedinheterogeneousnetworkedcomputingenvironmentsandusedforsearch,retrieval,andanalysisofpreviouslyunimaginablequantitiesofdata.becausethewea

14、lthofdatamakesdirecthumananalysisimpossible,ai-basedsupporthasbecomenecessarytohelpusersfullyexploitthatinformation.althoughcomputershavebecomeubiquitous,manypeoplestillclearlypreferpenandpaperformanytasksbecausepenandpapernote-takingisfrequentlylessintrusive,lessnoisy,moreflexible,moreconvenientand

15、simplerthancurrentcomputeralternatives.aiparadigmsarenotorthogonalamongthemselves.theyarerathersuccessivestepsinourknowledgeofwhatacognitivesystemshouldbe.itseemsthatcurrentlyatleastthreeparadigmsareusedinai.letuscallthemthebehaviouristparadigm,theagentparadigm,andtheartificiallifeparadigm.predictin

16、gtheresultsofthenextgenerationoffundamentalresearchrequireseitherbraveryorfoolishness.oneneednothazardsuchrisks,however,toidentifythecorechallengesfacingthenextgenerationofaisystems,namely,exhibitingrobustoperationinhostileenvironments,broadanddeepknowledgeoflargedomains,theabilitytointeractnaturall

17、ywithpeople,andadegreeofself-understandingandinternalintegrity.whilethefirstindustrialrevolutionwasfuelledbynaturalresources,thesecondisbeingfuelledbyinformationandknowledgewhichjustifiesthefourthcenturyslogan:knowledgeispower.today,asurewayforacompanytocommitcommercialsuicideisbyfailingtoprotectits

18、intellectual更多精品文档学习-好资料property(i.e.knowledge)andbyignoringthemachinesofthesecondindustrialrevolution.thosecompaniesthatmakecurrentmachinesmoreintelligentandexploitthemtotheiradvantagearesettodominatethetwenty-firstcentury.这不是ai领域所追求的目标。这一新生产物不属于独立的ai应用，不同于新一代ai应用。ai现在可以嵌入到异构网络计算环境并可以用于搜索、检测、和分析以前无法想象的大量数据。因为大量的数据直接进行人工分析是不可能办到的事情，使用基于ai的支持来帮助用户充分利用这些信息已变得很必要。虽然计算机已经普遍存在，对于许多任务，很多人仍然很明确的更喜欢使用纸和笔，因为用纸和笔做记录，与当前的计算机相比通常较不具有侵入性、噪音少、更灵活、更方便也更简单。ai范式之间并不彼此正交。它们相当成功地介入了我们对于认知系统应该是什么的知识。看来，目前在ai领域至少使用了三种范式。让我们称它们为haviouri