四六级段落匹配技巧课件

1、四六级段落匹配技巧,四六级考试系列讲座之二,段落信息匹配题 众里寻他千百度 蓦然回首， 那人却在， 灯火阑珊处,四六级段落匹配技巧,一、题型概要,四六级段落匹配技巧,二、考试形式(阅读做题),从样卷看，此次涉及改革题目的特点是： 1、四级样卷：将10道题目信息配对到9个段落中； 2、六级样卷：将10道题目信息配对到15个段落中； 3、考试说明提到，某段可能被用到两次，而某段可能完全不被涉及。 4、这类题型的出题形式为：题干给出原文的若干条细节信息，要求考生找出原文所在段落。,四六级段落匹配技巧,三、考查内容和难点,四六级组季会发布的样题中，关于段落信息匹配题是这样表述的：You have to

2、 identify the paragraph from which the information is derived。 （1）信息提取能力-寻找有特点的信息Extracting （2）查找定位能力- 跳读查读Positioning （3）同义词替换能力-词汇变通Paraphrasing,四六级段落匹配技巧,难点分析,1、打破顺序原则：首先，作为匹配题代表，这种题型明显不会遵守其他主流题型的“顺序原则”，从文章开头到结尾定位的方法行不通; 2、题目均为长句形式：题目当中的表述通常是极其复杂和繁琐的名词短语或者长难句型，题干错中复杂的云山雾罩。 例如四级样卷The number of for

3、eign students applying to U.S. universities decreased sharply after September 11 due to changes in the visa process. 注：长难句分析,四六级段落匹配技巧,3、定位词模糊： 这类题目往往不会出现非常明显定位词(数字、时间、地点、人物、特殊字体和特殊符号等等)，即使侥幸被我们碰到一个，这个定位词也通常和文章主题联系密切，且出现多次，所以并没有太大实用意义，例如上题中的U.S.;,四六级段落匹配技巧,4、两题对一段的可能性增加干扰性。此题并非是一个萝卜一个坑，有时一个坑里有两个萝卜。这

4、样最有效的排除法也就无用武之地。 所以，从上面四个特点不难看出，考试方的思路是希望考生能够从头到尾读完一遍文章，从宏观和微观两个方面全面掌握文章的结构和细节信息之后再进行解题的，但是这种思路对于阅读水平和单词量都有限的考生来说有些难，我们提出以下做题建议：,四六级段落匹配技巧,一、先看题再看文章（逆推）,1、段落细节信息配对题的陈述虽然都是文章细节信息，但是表述基本都是围绕文章标题或者每一段落的主题进行描述的，通过快速阅读题干部分表述，可以迅速了解文章主旨大意。如四级样卷中Q1Q3 1 American universities prepare their undergraduates for

5、 global careers by giving them chances for international study or internship. 2 Since the mid-1970s,the enrollment of overseas students has increased at an annual rate of 3.9 percent. 3 The enrollment of international students will have a positive impact on America rather than threaten its competiti

6、veness.,四六级段落匹配技巧,熟悉四级场景词汇的同学一定认识：university, enrollment, students 名词形式，文章关于美国大学教育或学生的主题就此迅速清楚；看过文章标题Universities Branch Out之后，通过快速预览这道段落细节信息配对题的题干部分，可以马上了解到文章所围绕的主题是美国大学的扩张，即使题干中的每一个表述并不是文章的Topic sentence(主旨句)，但是却都与文章的主题息息相关的。,四六级段落匹配技巧,二、信息词定位标志性定位词,特点：不易被改写，在文章中原样重现且容易定位到。 1.精确数字，特殊文字（斜体和汉语注释）。 如

7、2题 Since the mid-1970s, the enrollment of overseas students has increased at an annual rate of 3.9 percent. 3.9 percent.就是一个精确数据，直接定位至C段。 如1题 American universities prepare their undergraduates for global careers by giving them chances for international study or internship. D段helping place students i

8、n summer internships (实习) abroad,四六级段落匹配技巧,信息词定位-标志性定位词,2.大写或专有名词：人名，地名，机构名，书名。 3.特定概念：合成词university-based science（F段） ，专业术语globalization； global integration，抽象名词。 如8题 Around the world, governments encourage the model of linking university-based science and industrial application.定位F段 如4题 The way re

9、search is carried out in universities has changed as a result of globalization.定位E段第一句Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. 如9题 Present-day universities have become a powerful force for global integration. 定位A段最后一句global integration 如3题 The enrollment of international students wi

10、ll have a positive impact on America rather than threaten its competitiveness.定位I段,四六级段落匹配技巧,信息词定位非标志性定位词,在文中会出现，不能一目了然，可能被同义替换。 常用动词，形容词，副词。 第一种：相同词性的同义替换 4题E段 Reshape-has changed; research is done-research is carried out. 第二种：词性同义替换6题H段 apply toseek admission to ; decrease sharplya dramatic declin

11、e 第三种：同义、文与数的替换 2题-C段the mid-1970sover the past three decades 最高级、程度词。Mostthe best,四六级段落匹配技巧,同义替换训练,Internet Net Web Cyber赛博 In the virtual world In the electronic world In the wired world,make money earn money make fortune profit make/get/gain/reap/ obtain a profit,四六级段落匹配技巧,同义替换训练,improve /raise i

12、ncrease enhance boost/advance strengthen soar/surge skyrocket 猛涨 ascend,fall drop /reduce decline/decrease descend/diminish downgrade lessen/ shrink minimize plunge/slump大跌cut down,四六级段落匹配技巧,三、读文做题,1、三点阅读原则抓重点，切要害 段首句。 段中逻辑关系：转折but however ，递进not only but also ，让步although though，列举for example，on one

13、 hand, on the other hand 段末句。,四六级段落匹配技巧,But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability. 而定位至本句后，根据长难句中关注谓语宾语结构或表语结构，

14、重点位置再次被定位至：has made universities a powerful force，以此句去匹配剩余题目即可。 浏览至9题，发现： Present-day universities have become a powerful force for global integration. 则答题成功。,四六级段落匹配技巧,同理，F段重点句包含BUT The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible:

15、浏览至8题，发现 Around the world, governments encourage the model of linking university-based science and industrial application. 则答题成功。,四六级段落匹配技巧,四、查漏补缺,做第一遍无法确定的题目，结合每段的主题，话题词和态度方向筛选。（可能是对原文的归纳和概括。） 已对应两个句子的段落可放弃。 如3题 The enrollment of international students will have a positive impact on America rather than threaten its competitiveness. 原文：but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. T