Architect Renzo Piano (建筑师)论文外文翻译

1、 architect renzo pianorenzo piano was born in september 14, 1937 in italy genoa a builder s family, his grandfather, father, four uncles and a brother is building businessman. when he was a small boy, he loves at the site of the climb to climb on the sand, magically into buildings and bridges were a

2、mazed. due to bathe in a construction worker, he on the art of building and material respect grow with each passing day.in 1964, west from milan university of science and technology to obtain a degree in architecture, he started a permanent architect occupation career. he was first employed in phila

3、delphias lewis kahn studio, london makowski studio, thereafter in genoa set up their own studio. there, he began a series of experimental design: refinery, museum exhibition hall, multifunctional hospital etc.in 1971, a project proposal peano and rodgers participate in pariss pompidou center interna

4、tional competition match, they eventually won the contest. lively liang li, a riot of colours channel, with crystal clear, winding elevator, the pompidou center has become a recognized one of the landmark buildings in paris. since the pompidou project, renzo piano to his stacks of construction drawi

5、ngs to create a world reputation, japan, germany, italy and france are his bold commercial and public building projects, he designed the museum is so far.renzo piano building has received a masters works, but since his debut to date, he has personal independence of conduct, will not stick in the mud

6、, pick up, and always prefer open design and the effect of natural light.renzo pianos range of works from the museum, amazing, church to the hotel, office, residential, theaters, concert halls, airports and bridge. in his works, and extensive expression of a variety of technology, a variety of mater

7、ials and various ways of thinking of the collision, the active scatter type thinking mode is a real insight into the master and he led the team to give the mankind the gift. it is this century and even centuries ago masters common ideal.he attached importance to the use of materials, the material ha

8、s a special sensitivity, he attaches more importance to technology on the properties of materials to explore further, via his hand of the materials used are being played to the material properties of the extreme. this sensitive, can say from artisan family deep family and tradition, comes from natur

9、e and diligence. he did not inherit fathers engaged in the family business, but hereby irrevocably committed to his love of architecture design. but in a sense, his career has realized his family for a long time the impossible dream.architectural design ideas and stylepeano focus on architecture, te

10、chnology and building environment combined with. his work relates to the humanities as well as the most modern technology field.his architectural bold innovation and the courage to break, his innovative building to activity, such as electronic control of the floor, streamline shape; at the open desi

11、gn, such as a transparent material or fuzzy partition function to performance; advocating the beauty of machine, in his buildings originally hidden pipes, construction exposed, shock peoples aesthetic standards; with modern technique to realize human, architecture and environment of perfect unity; a

12、nd the attitude of enthusiasm to pay close attention to building livable and sustainable development.at a white house meeting pulitzer awards, peano said: i belong to end its life and constantly try new methods for the generation of people, what the sacred rules of the religious order, restrictions

13、and fetters are not put in the eye, we love over everything again, constantly adventure, also continue to make mistakes. but at the same time we also love our past. so. one aspect of our past is filled with emotions, on the other hand have to try and brunei adventure filled with passion. we ride the

14、 wind and waves, the constant beyond the past.a word out of his design ideas, his this thought is us many domestic architects are lacking, is worth us to draw lessons from.peano in each design before there will be very careful investigation and research of relevant information.in the design process.

15、 his soul to guess in the buildings of various kinds of people will accept this building mood, expected value, they can be in building what to do? what is the characteristic of environment will attract these people to do what they want to do? what kind of design can be adapted to motivate them, and

16、make them feel comfortable, humane consideration of every space.he did not follow any form or theoretical trends. it is not limited to personal style, persist in using the model are organized into objects full scale morphology to imitate, it is aesthetic judgement and subsequent sensory strategies p

17、rovide accuracy.for him, technology and science are equally important. this user-friendly design thought is precisely our many designer lacks, is also our worth to draw lessons from.french pompidou centerpeano advocating the machine aesthetic, in the buildings renovation, made bold to represent know

18、ledge, industrial piping exposed. lively, beautiful, a riot of colours channel, plus operating transparent, winding elevator, the pompidou center has become one of the landmarks of paris commune. the upper and lower five layers, covers an area of nearly 1 million square meters cultural center, inclu

19、ding a specialized collection of the museum of modern art, temporary exhibition halls, cinemas, concert halls, a multimedia library and archives, as well as spectacular roof. 25000 daily visitors, the pompidou center immediately became the city s most popular buildings.pompidou cultural center of st

20、range appearance. steel beam, column, truss, pull even painted all kinds of pipelines are uncovered exposed on the face. red is a transport device, blue is the air conditioning equipment, water supply, drainage pipes are green, yellow is the electrical facilities and pipelines. people in the street

21、can see the complex architectural interior equipment, a riot of colours, a superb collection of beautiful things. in the face of the square side of the building facade hung a huge transparent tube, inside installation of escalators, as the upper and lower floors of the main traffic tools. the design

22、er put these arranged on the outside of the building, is to is to make the floor interior space without barrier.in this behind the design is the basic purpose of identifying it with the new cultural relations, culture will deviate from its tone, and become the mainstream of life. people and artists

23、through public clubs such a connection hub has established a strong relationship, but not completely the universe and tomb building in. cultural exchange in the nationwide internet, this is only a major joint form, in order to achieve such an effect, the design of the building into the present build

24、ing on many characteristics, such as the open design and the mechanical design. and these features were further improved. pompidou cultural center began construction of industrial culture in the age of peano construction the original design career.japan osaka kansai international airportkansai inter

25、national airport is located in the gulf of osaka, built from 1998 to 1994, it is like a long steel worm is located at above sea level of 5 meters artificial island. it is built on the artificial island is because osaka wanted a ride from downtown in 30 minutes to the airport. the airport by reclamat

26、ion, with soft clay pile up 20 meters of gravel deposits. computer monitoring. show project of the.kansai international airport wave-like roof and end tapers to a smaller space modeling people feel it is like pulling people moves forward. the overall effect of building construction and materials obt

27、ained from the perfect combination, the whole building is an organic whole. the organic shapes and attractive feeling is the decisive factor of the building materials integrated geometric shape, but is a secondary factors, the overall effect is realized by means of computer.structure, space, shape a

28、nd facilities is formed between the closely integrated. in particular he provides people with wide eyes, the airport with paul kelly center museum into a glider morphology. the design not only makes in the center of the building and construction of every aspect - space, visual, and even ceilings and

29、 structure are guided and inspired to shuttle passengers. this flow structure as their partners. this building is not only in the tight machine under the control of alternation, and the building of different systems and components such as: dinosaur skeleton structure system, is also a closely integr

30、ated. the whole building was in precision integral integrates technologies and complete a perfect structure.jean marie giba macao culture centrecenter by the ten different sizes, different functions of the house, used as a card that culture research base. this is a real sense of the village, have th

31、eir own road, vegetation and public places, is located in the shore is closely connected with the ocean. the design focuses on considering using the natural flow of the air, and the use of modern design means expression of pacific culture, and fully reflects the significant contributions anthropolog

32、ists.paul buckley center museumbonn germany paul kelly center museum is located in the suburb of green and thick bern. connected three by two wave shape building, seemingly by local scenery as a whole of the hill. peano named it the landscape sculpture. three hills like building through a river call

33、ed museum street 150 meters long channel. but the light, and is naturally expressionism master paul kelly works in the three elements, it is the three elements inspired by renzo piano building museum.della park music squaredella park music square has three large music halls: petra hall to commemorat

34、e godfrey petra hope and set, with about 700 seats; west polly hall in commemoration of zhu saipei fassino polly and set, with about 1200 seats; st. cecilia hall about 2800 seats. the three hall in the structure apart, in order to ensure the sound insulation effect, but a continuous verandah. fourth

35、 music hall, known as kay virginia, namely the amphitheatre, reminiscent of ancient greece and ancient rome theater. this a sector layout, surround the center plaza. such as big fat, beetle, scarab, turtle, insect shell, a computer mouse . . all of these names are used to describe this piece by rome

36、 red thin brick and impressive heavy roof of building structure.swiss tony beyeler foundation museumbuilding a variety of performance of shape is based on the image element based, it clearly shows its restriction. roof height, the proportion of the wall and daylighting is the embodiment of the polys

37、emy of spatial design scheme. a few materials are used and you can see the space elements generate too many to count the spatial variation. from the internal structure to the external shape of this process on visitor behavior plays a positive role, people are from concentrate ( art picture ) leads t

38、o recuperate, its internal open partition rooms and buildings and parks between connection is attract sb.s attention symbol. a in the interior according to the mathematics division of the natural order is the order and the landscape as a polar opposite, these principles in building everywhere. the l

39、aw determines its parts, even the smallest detail. all things are composed of proportional principle to define, mass中文：伦佐皮亚诺（renzopiano）于1937年9月14日出生于意大利热那亚（genoa） 一个建筑商世家，他的祖父、父亲、四位叔伯和一个兄弟都是建筑商人。当他还是个小男孩时，就爱在工地上攀来爬去，对沙石神奇地变成房屋与桥梁惊诧不已。由于整日泡在建筑工人中间，他对建筑艺术与材料的崇敬与日俱增。 1964年，皮亚诺从米兰科技大学获得建筑学学位，开始了他永久性的建筑

40、师职业生涯。他先是受雇于费城的路易斯康工作室、伦敦的马考斯基工作室，其后在热那亚建立了自己的工作室。在那里，他开始了一系列试验性的设计：炼油厂、展览馆的陈列厅、多功能医院等等。 1971年，一个工程商建议皮亚诺与罗杰斯合作参加巴黎的蓬皮杜中心国际竞 赛，他们最终赢得了这个竞赛。活泼靓丽、五彩缤纷的通道，加上晶莹透明、蜿蜒曲折的电梯，使得蓬皮杜中心成了巴黎公认的标志性建筑之一。自蓬皮杜项目之后，皮亚诺以他层层叠叠的建筑图纸营造了世界性的声誉，日本、德国、意大利和法国都有他大胆的商业性和公共建设项目，他设计的博物馆更是让人望尘莫及。 皮亚诺深受多位建筑大师作品的影响，但自出道之日起，他就特立独行，

41、决不墨守成规、拾人牙慧，并且始终偏爱开放式设计与自然光的效果。皮亚诺的作品范围惊人，从博物馆、教堂到酒店、写字楼、住宅、影剧院、音乐厅以及 空港和大桥。在他的作品中，广泛地体现着各种技术、各种材料和各种思维方式的碰撞，这些活跃的散点式的思维方式是一个真正的具有洞察力的大师和他所率领的团队所要奉献给全人类的礼物。这是本世纪乃至前几个世纪的大师们的共同理想。 他重视材料的运用，对材料有着特殊的敏感，他更重视技术对材料性能的进一步发掘，经他手使用的材料都被发挥到了材料性能的极至。这种敏感，可以说来自于工匠世家深厚的家学和传统，来自于天性和勤奋。他没有继承父辈们所从事的家族事业，而是意无反顾地投身于他

42、所热爱的建筑设计工作。但是从某种意义上来讲，他的事业却实现了他家族长久以来无法实现的梦想。建筑设计思想及风格 皮亚诺注重建筑艺术、技术以及建筑周围环境的结合。他的工作涉及到人文学科以及现代技术的大部分领域。 他的建筑大胆创新又勇于突破，他创新的使建筑能够活动起来，如电子控制的楼板，流线的造型等；善于开放式设计，如透明的材质或者模糊的功能分区来表现；崇尚机械美，在他的建筑中把原本隐藏的管道，构造暴露出来，冲击着人们的审美标准；用现代主义的表现手法来实现人、建筑与环境完美的统一；并以热诚的态度关注着建筑的可居住性与可持续发展性。 在白宫举行的普利策颁奖晚会上，皮亚诺说道：“我属于终其一生不断尝试新

43、方法的那一代人，什么清规戒律、条条框框都不放在眼里，我们喜欢推倒一切重来，不断地冒险，也不断地犯错误。但同时我们也热爱我们的过去。所以。一方面我们对过去充满了感情，另一方面有对文莱的尝试与探险充满了热情。因此我们乘风破浪，永无止息地超越过去。”一句话道出他的设计思想，他的这种思想正是我们国内许多建筑师所缺乏的，值得我们去借鉴。 皮亚诺在做每个设计之前会有很细致的调查和研究相关的资料。 在做设计的过程中。他用心灵来猜测入住这个建筑物的各种各样的人将会接受这个建筑物的心情、期望值，他们能在建筑物里做些什么？什么样的特征环境将能吸引这些人来做他们愿意做的事？什么样的设计才能适合于激发他们，并使他们感

44、到舒适，人性化的考虑每一个空间。 他不跟随任何形式或者是理论的潮流。也不局限于个人的风格，坚持用模型组织成物体的完整尺度的形态来进行模仿，这就为审美判断和其后的感官策略提供了精确性。对他来说，技术和科学同样重要。这种人性化的设计思想恰恰我们很多设计师比较欠缺的，也是我们值得去借鉴的。法国蓬皮杜中心 皮亚诺崇尚机械美学，在这个建筑的整修中，做了大胆的常识，把代表工业性的管道暴露出来。活泼靓丽、五彩缤纷的通道，加上经营透明、蜿蜒曲折的电梯，使得蓬皮杜中心成了巴黎公社的标志性建筑之一。这座上下五层、占地近百万平方米的文化中心，包括专门收藏现代艺术的博物馆，临时展厅、电影院、音乐厅、多媒体图书馆和档案

45、室，以及壮观的屋顶。每天有2.5万游人参观，使蓬皮杜中心立即成了这座城市里最受欢迎的建筑物。 蓬皮杜文化中心外貌奇特。钢结构梁、柱、桁架、拉杆等甚至涂上颜色的各种管线都不加遮掩地暴露在立面上。红色的是交通运输设备，蓝色的是空调设备，绿色的是给水、排水管道，黄色是电气设施和管线。人们在大街上可以望见复杂的建筑内部设备，五彩缤纷，琳琅满目。在面对广场一侧的建筑立面上悬挂着一条巨大的透明圆管，里面安装有自动扶梯，作为上下楼层的主要交通工具。设计者把这些布置在建筑的外面，目的在于是使楼层内部空间不受阻隔。 在这个的设计背后最基本的目的是确定它与文化的全新关系，文化将偏离它的基调，而成为人们的生活的主流

46、。人们和艺术家之间通过公众会所这样一个连接枢纽建立了一种强烈的相互作用的关系，而不是完全将宇宙和坟墓的建筑在外。文化交流的全国性的互联网里，这仅仅是一种主要的联结形式，为了获得这样的一种效果，建筑物的设计融入了目前建筑上的许多特点，如开放式设计和机械化设计。并对这些特点进行了进一步的改善。蓬皮杜文化中心开始了皮亚诺构建工业时代文化建筑的独到的设计生涯。日本大阪关西国际机场 日本关西国际机场位于大阪湾，建造时间从1998年到1994年，它就像一条长长的钢虫坐落在伸出海面达5米的人工岛上。它之所以建立在这个人工岛上是因为大阪想要一个离市中心车程在30分钟内的机场。该机场通过填海，用软粘土堆起20米

47、存的碎石。用计算机监控。显示出工程的浩大。 关西国际机场波浪式的屋顶和末端逐渐变小的空间造型让人感觉它像是在拉着人们向前运动。这种整体效果的获得来自于建筑结构和材料的完美结合，整个建筑物就是一个有机的整体。获得这种有机造型和富有吸引力动感的决定因素是建筑体系和材料的高度整合性，几何状反而是次要的因素，这种整体效果是借助于计算机实现的 。 结构、空间、外形和设施之间的形成紧密的整体。特别之处是他给人们提供了宽阔的视线，把飞机场设保罗克利（paul klee）中心博物馆计成滑翔机的形态。设计不仅使得建筑的中心并且建筑的每一方面空间、视觉、甚至天花板和结构都引导并激励着不断往返的旅客。这种流动的结构

48、就好像是他们的伙伴。这座建筑不仅在严密的机器控制下交替变换，而且建筑物不同的系统和构件之间：如恐龙骨架结构系统，也是一个紧密的整体。整座建筑简直是在精密的整体结合各种科技而完成的一件完美的构造 。吉恩玛丽吉巴澳文化中心 中心由十座大小不同、功能各异的“房子”组成，用作卡那文化（kanak?culture）的研究基地。这是一个真正意义上的村落，有自己的道路、草木和公共活动场所等，虽坐落在岸上却与海洋紧密相连。设计上着重于考虑利用空气的自然流动，以及使用现代设计手法表达太平洋传统文化，并充分体现人类学家的重大贡献。保罗克利中心博物馆 德国波恩的保罗克利（paul klee）中心博物馆位于绿意浓浓的

49、伯尔尼郊区。由三座相连的浪形建筑组成，看似由当地风景连成一体的小山。皮亚诺把它命名为“风景雕塑”。三座小山似的建筑通过一条被称作“博物馆大街”的150米长通道相连。光线、虚浮及自然是表现主义大师保罗克利作品中的三大元素，也正是这三个元素启发了伦佐皮亚诺建造博物馆。黛拉公园音乐广场 黛拉公园音乐广场上有三个大型音乐厅：佩特拉希厅为纪念戈弗雷多佩特拉希而设，约有700个席位；西诺波利厅为纪念朱塞佩西诺波利而设，约有1200个席位；圣塞西莉亚厅约有2800个座位。三个厅在结构上分开，以确保隔音效果，但有连续的游廊相连。第四个“音乐厅”，被称为“凯维亚”，即露天剧场，令人回忆起古希腊和古罗马剧场。此一

50、扇形布局，环绕着中心露天广场。诸如大胖墩、甲壳虫、金龟子、大海龟、昆虫壳儿、电脑鼠标所有这些名字都被用来描述这片由红色罗马薄砖和给人以深刻印象的沉重的屋檐所组成的建筑结构。 瑞士贝耶勒基金会博物馆 建筑物多种多样的表现形状是以形象元素为基础的，它清楚地显示出了它的制约性。屋顶的高度、墙的比例和采光是这一空间设计方案多义性的体现。寥寥几种材料的使用和一眼就可以望穿的空间元素产生了不计其数的空间变化。从内部结构到外部形状这一过程对访问者的行为起着积极的作用，人们被从精神集中(艺术画面)导向了休养(自然画面)，其内部公开划分的房间及建筑物与公园之间的联接是引人注目的标志。一个在内部按数学划分的秩序和

51、景观的自然秩序是作为两极相对立的，这些原则在建筑物中无处不在。整体性的法则决定了它的各部分，甚至最小的细部。所有的东西都是由成比例、大众性原则来定义的 保护与报警定值与结果保护与报警定值与结果过载大于110%报警，大于120%延时5秒跳闸出口电压高卸载大于108%短路200%，延时0.08秒跳闸出口电压低卸载低于85%电流不平衡不平衡电流大于20%，延时5秒跳闸电压高跳闸大于110%漏电电流大于30%，延时10秒三相电压不平衡电压差大于10%逆功率大于8%，延时0.5秒过频率大于110%超速大于115%，延时5秒跳闸低频率小于85%蓄电池电压低小于21v蓄电池电压高大于30v差动保护0秒跳闸失

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