2014-2019年高考英语语法填空真题及答案

1、2014-2019 高考语法填空真题1. (2019 全国卷 i)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。the polar bear is found in the arctic circle and some big land masses as far south as newfoundland. while theyare rare north of 88, there is evidence _61_ they range all the way across the arctic, and as far south as jamesbay in cana

2、da. it is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been_62_(poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.modern methods _63_ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s

3、, andare expensive _64_(perform) consistently over a large area. in recent years some inuit people in nunavut_65_(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a _66_(believe) thatpopulations are increasing. scientists have responded by _67_(note) that hungry bears may be

4、congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are _68_(high) than they actuallyare. of _69_ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _70_(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.2. (2018 全国卷 ii)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1

5、个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。a 90-year-old has been awarded “woman of the year” for_61_(be) britains oldest full-time employeestill working 40 hours a week. now irene astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in macclesfield,_62_ she opened with her late husband les. her years of hard work have _63_(

6、final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be cheshires woman of the year.picking up her “lifetime achievement” award, proud irene _64_(declare) she had no plans_65_(retire) from her 36-year-old business. irene said, “i dont see any reason to give up work. i love cominghere and s

7、eeing my family and all the friends i _66_(make) over the years. i work not because i have to, _67_ because i want to.”granddaughter gayle parks, 31who works alongside her in the family businesssaid it remained unknownas to who nominated irene for the award. she said, “we dont have any idea who put

8、grandma forward. when we gota call _68_(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was _69_ joke. but then we got an official letter and we were blown away. we are so proud of her. its_70_(wonder).”3. (2018 全国卷 iii)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。on our way to the house, it was raining _61_hard that

9、 we couldnt help wondering how long it would take _62_(get) there. it was in the middle of pearl city.1we were first greeted with the barking by a pack _63_ dogs, seven to be exact. they were well trained bytheir masters _64_ had great experience with caring for these animals. our hosts shared many

10、of theirexperiences and _65_(recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. for breakfast, we were able to eat papaya(木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.when they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting_66_(compete) to watch, to

11、gether with the story behind it. they also shared with us many _67_(tradition)stories about hawaii that were _68_(huge) popular with tourists. on the last day of our week-long stay, we_69_(invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the north shore under the stars, _70_(listen) to mus

12、icians and meeting interesting locals.4. (2018 全国卷 i)阅谈下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。according to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61(long) than non- runners. you dont have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. you may drink, smoke, be overweight and stil

13、l reduce your risk of 63 _ (die) early by running.while running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minute

14、s a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).the best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. but otherwise . its probably running. to avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉)，avoid hills and g

15、et good running shoes. running is cheap, easy and its always 69 (energy). if you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.5. (2018 全国卷 ii)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 diets have changed in china-and so t

16、oo has its top crop. since 2011, the country 61_ (grow)more corn than rice。 corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _62 _ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.a taste for meat is 63 _(actual) behind the change: an important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs

17、, and cattle. another reason for corns rise: the government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64_(improve) water quality. corn uses less water _65_ rice and creates less fertilizer ( 化肥 )runoff. this switch has decreased 66_ (pollute)in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made

18、drinking water safer for people.according to the world bank, china accounts for about 30 percent of total 67_(globe) fertilizer consumption. the chinese ministry of agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government 68_ (start) a soil-testing program 69_ gives specific fertilizer recommendation

19、s to farmers- and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. that prevented the emission( 排 放 ) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. chinas approach to protecting its environment while 70 _ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says th

20、e banks juergen voegele.26. (2018 全国卷 iii)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。im not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. im walking on a path in the forest in the central african republic. unexpectedly, im face-to-face with the gorilla, who b

21、egins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. that makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. he screams the 63 (loud) of all. the noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. i quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so h

22、e doesnt feel 65 (challenge).my name is mireya mayor. im a 66 (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. i was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas id been observing. no one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and i were worried.when the gorillas and i frightened eac

23、h other, i was just glad to find 68 (they) alive. true to gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean) no real harm. he was just saying: “im king of this forest, and here is your reminder!” once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch.7.（2017全国）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或

24、括号内单词的正确形式。there has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. this trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界） 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart diseasethe very thing

25、 the medical community was trying to fight.fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. they are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. when fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. as 65 r

26、esult, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.having enough fat and salt

27、in your meals will reduce the urge to snack( 吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. however, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.8.（2017 全国）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 in 1863 the first

28、underground passenger railway in the world opened in london. it ran for justunder seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible _61_(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and _62_ work. it took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. this included digging

29、up the road, _63_(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over_64_ top. when all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.steam engines _65_(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been_66_(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. however, the railway qu

30、ickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using_67_ every day.later, engineers _68_(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels ( 隧道）, which became known to the tube. this development was only possible with the _69_ (introduce) of electric-p

31、owered engines and lifts. the central london railway was one of the most _70_(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. it had white-painted tunnels and3bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.9.（2017 全国）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。she looks like any other

32、 schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. sarah thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new a-level course .but unlike school friends ,16-year-old sarah is not spending half-term 61 _ (rest). instead, she is earning $6500 a day as62 _ model in new york.sarah 63 _ (tell) that she could be brit

33、ains new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. her father peter 44,wants her to give up school to model fulltime but sarah,64 _has taken part in shows along with top models wants65_ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. she is determined to carry on with her66_ (educate).she

34、 has turned down several 67_ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies after school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree 68_ engineering or architecture.sarah says, my dad thinks i should take the offer now. but at the

35、moment, school69 _ (come) first. i dont want to get too absorbed in modeling. it is70 _ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. i dont want to have nothing else to fall back on when i cant model my more.10. （2016 全国）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。chengdu has dozens of new millionai

36、res, asias biggest building, and fancy new hotels. but for tourists like me, pandas are its top_61_(attract).so it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit panda base, where ticket money helps pay for research, i_62_（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre

37、 centre. from tomorrow, i will be their uk ambassador. the title will be _63_(official) given to me at a ceremony in london. but my connection with pandas goes back _64_ my days on a tv show in the mid-1980s, _65_ i was the first western tv reporter_66_ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pan

38、das rescued from starvation in the wild. my ambassadorial duties will include _67_(introduce) british visitors to the 120-plus pandas at chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of bifengxia.on my recent visit, i help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _68_ (it)mo

39、ther. the nursery team switches him every few _69_( day) with his sister so that while oneis being bottle-fed, _70_ other is with mum-she never suspects.11.（2016 全国卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。if you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify（识别） th

40、ose of 61_ _ (great) and less importance. then, handle the most important tasks first soyoull feel a real sense of 62 _ (achieve). leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63 _ (be) often acceptable.most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. so geta

41、n early start and try to be as productive 65_ possible before lunch. this will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.recent 66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks467 _ (regular). give your body and

42、brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.if you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely 69_ (bring) your work home. it could be anything, gardening, cooking, music, sports but whatever it is, 70_ (make )sure its a relie

43、f from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.12.（2016 全国卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的 正确形式。in much of asia, especially the so- called “rice bowl” cultures of china, japan, korea, 41 vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wo

44、od or bamboo. they can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. truly elegant chopsticks might 42 (make)of gold and silver with chinese characters. skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43_ (create)special designs.the chinese have use

45、d chopsticks for five thousand years. people probably cooked their food in large pots, 44 _ (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. over time, 45 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46 (grad

46、ual)turned into chopsticks.some people think that the great chinese scholar confucius, 47_-lived from roughly 551 to 479 b.c., influenced the 48_ (develop) of chopsticks. confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49_ (be) too violent for use at the table.chopsticks are not used e

47、verywhere in asia. in india, for example, most people traditionally eat 50_ their hands.13.（2015 全国）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正 确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。yangshuo, chinait was raining lightly when i_61_(arrive) in yangshuo just before dawn. but i didnt care. a few hours_62_ , id been at home in hong

48、kong, with _63_ (it) choking smog. here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.id skipped nearby guilin, a dre am place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the li river_64_are pictured by artists in so many chinese _65_(painting). instead, id headed straight

49、 for yangshuo. for those who fly to guilin, its only an hour away_66_ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.yangshuo_67_(be) really beautiful. a study of travelers_68_(conduct) by the website tripadvisor names yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. and the town is

50、 fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in asia. abercrombie & kent, a travel company in hong kong, says it _69_(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people_70_(live) in shanghai and hong kong.14.（2015 全国卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的 正确形式。the adobe dwellings ( 土坯房) 61 _（bui

51、ld）by the pueblo indians of the american southwest are admired by even 62 _ most modern of architects and engineers. in addition5to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63_ (able) to “air condition” a house without 64 ( use) electric equipment. walls made of adobe t

52、ake in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65 _( slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. when a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66 _ (cool) the house during the hot day; 67 _ the same time, they warm up again for the night. th

53、is cycle 68 _ (go) day after day: the walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset( 抵消) for the outside temperatures. as 69 _ (nature) architects, the pueblo indians figured out exactly 70 _ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work o

54、n most days.15.（2014 全国卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于 3 个单词）或括号内 单词的正确形式。are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?in 1969,the pollution was terrible along the cuyahoga river cleveland, ohio. it _61_（be） unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. the river was so polluted that it _62_(ac

55、tual)caught fire and burned. now, ears later, this river is one of _63_most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.but the river wasnt changed in a few days _64_even a few months. it took years of work_65_(reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. finally, that hard work paid off

56、 and now the water in the river is_66_(clean) than ever.maybe you are facing an impossible situation. maybe you leave a habit _67_is driving your family crazy. possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use. when you face such an impossible situation ,dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?while there are _68_(amaze)