外研社杯2017阅读大赛样题

1、外研社杯2017阅读大赛样题阅读大赛样题注：样题仅供了解大赛题型，不提供参考答案；了解更多赛题信息，可购买阅 读能力诊断测试备赛课程。课程汇总全真赛题，提供答案及解析，并提供量身定制版诊断测评报告。Part I Read and KnowIn Part I, you will read short texts of various kin ds. Read the in structi ons carefully and answer the questions. (Time allowed: 22 minutes)Questions 1-3 (Suggested completion tim

2、e: 5 minutes)1. Give me a lever long eno ugh and a fulcrum on which to place it, and I shall move the world.2.Morality is not the doctri ne of how we may make ourselves happy, but how we may make ourselves worthy of happ in ess.3.You cant connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them l

3、ook ing backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future.Directions: Read the following quotes. Match the quotes on the left with the people on the right. Please note there are two extra optio ns you do not n eed to use.A. Joh n LockeB. ArchimedesC. AristotleD. Imma

4、nuel KantE. Steve JobsQuesti ons 4 (Suggested completio n time: 2 minu tes)Directi ons: Read the text, and an swer the questio n accord ing to the text.To ensure the high standards of facilities we need to build new wards, laboratories and con sult ing rooms. In short, we n eed your help now. Comple

5、te the coup on today and rest assured that your don atio n is going to the best possible cause.4. Where is the piece of text take n from?A. an advertiseme ntB. an in structio n bookletC. a storyD. a n ewspaperQuestio ns 5 (Suggested completio n time: 2 minu tes) Directi ons: Read the text, and an sw

6、er the questio n accord ing to the text.Few corners of the world remain untainted by intrepid tourists, and their impact is often devastating. Too frequently they trample heedlessly on fragile environments, displaci ng wildlife and local populati ons in their in satiable quest for un explored locati

7、 ons.5. What is the best title for this text?A. The future of tourismB. The role of tourismC. The price of tourismD. The ben efits of tourismQuesti ons 6 (Suggested completio n time: 2 minu tes)Directi ons: Read the text, and an swer the questio n accord ing to the text.Buying and selling anything i

8、s your forte now. If you visit a jumble or car-boot sale or the like, a roma ntic encoun ter is more tha n probable! News lin ked to the family is brillia nt!6. What type of text is this?A. A pers onal advertiseme nt.B. A pers onal horoscope.C. A friend s letter of advice.D. A writte n warni ng.Ques

9、ti ons 7 (Suggested completio n time: 2 minu tes)Directi ons: Read the text, and an swer the questio n accord ing to the text.With our travel agency, the holiday you book is the holiday you get. If you arrive and find we ve failed to live up to our promises, let us know what the problem is with in o

10、ne day of your arrival. We ll spe nd 24 hours doing everythi ng possible to sort the problem out. In the uni ikely eve nt that we can rtesolve your problem and make you happy with in 24 hours, we ll fly you home and give your money back.7. The text could best be described as.A. a commitme ntB. an ap

11、pealC. a warni ngD. a vowQuesti ons 8 (Suggested completio n time: 2 minu tes)Directi ons: Read the text, and an swer the questio n accord ing to the text.The new digital cameras are great fun and very easy to use. They let you review your pictures the moment you take them, so you can reshoot right

12、away if you re not satisfied. But remember, a digital camera is just a computer XXXX. It not a replaceme nt for your ordinary camera.8. What is the meaning of the missing word (XXXX) in the text?A. “ someth ing that is poor quality”B. “ an item that is not esse ntial, someth ing extra”C. “ someth in

13、g expe nsive but good value for money”D. “ a fashi on which always remai ns popular”Questi ons 9 (Suggested completio n time: 2 minu tes)Directi ons: Read the text, and an swer the questio n accord ing to the text.She had gone alone, but the childre n were to go to the stati on to meet her. And lovi

14、ng the stati on as they did, it was only n atural that they should be there a good hour before there was any chanee of Mother s train arriving, even if the train were punctual,which was most un likely.9. What can you say about their mother s train?A. It would probably be early.B. It would probably b

15、e on time.C. It would probably be late.D. It had bee n can celled.Question 10 (Suggested completion time: 5 minutes)Directi ons: The bar chart shows the nu mber and proporti on of underno urished people in the developi ng regio ns, from 1990?1992 to 2014?2016. An swer the question accord ing to the

16、in formati on in the chart.Nuinberand proportton of undernourished people in developing regions, from 1990-1992 to 2014-2016Millions L/l ciurtibef of ufidetnounstid peapk舅眦hiproponiqr of underiiouris-hed people鼻 Riffht 3XL5： 2515 t argetSource: The Mille nn ium Developme nt Goals (MDG) Report201510.

17、 Choose the INCORRECT description about the chart.A. Current estimates suggest that nearly one in nine individuals do not have en ough to eat between 2014 and 2016.B. Projections indicate that the 2015 MDG target is nearly reached, with 12.9 per cent of underno urished populati on.C. The situation n

18、oticeably improved during the years 1995-1999, but went down in the first five years of the new millennium.D. The proporti on of underno urished people in the develop ing regi ons has falle n by almost half si nee 1990.Part II Read and Reas onIn Part II, you will read short texts on different subjec

19、ts. Read the instruetions carefully and answer the questions based on logical inference and reasoning.(Time allowed: 38 minu tes)Question 11-12 (Suggested completion time: 10 minutes)Directions: Read the definitions of two types of logical fallacy. Answer the questions according to the definitions.D

20、ois oning the WellDoisoning the well is a rhetorical technique and logical fallacy where adverse information about a target is preemptively presented to an audienee, with the intention of discrediting or ridiculing everything that the target person is about to say. It uses the association of negativ

21、e emotions to distract a subject from actual evidenee in an argume nt.11. Which of the following provides a typical example of poisoning the well?A. That s my stance funding the education system, and anyone who disagreeswith me hates childre n.B. You are so weird. That means we are pretty much suret

22、hat your whole family is weird, too.C. God exists because the Bible says so. The Bible is in spired. Therefore, we know that God exists.D. I don t care what you say. We don t need any more bookshelves. As long as the carpet is clea n, we are fine.False DilemmaA false dilemma arises whe n we allow ou

23、rselves to be convin ced that we have to choose between two and only two mutually exclusive options, whe n that is un true. Gen erally, whe n this rhetorical strategy is used, one of the options is unacceptable and repulsive, while the other is the one the man ipulator wants us to choose. Whoever su

24、ccumbs to this trap hasthus made a choice that is forced, and as such, of little value.12. Which of the following provides a typical example of a false dilemma?A. Smoking is harmful to health, so you are supposed to quit smoking.B. If the government doesn t reduce public spenecgnomy will collapse.C.

25、 You may as well avoid overeating, or else you might be obese in no time.D. You are the worst of the classmates; therefore, what you say is in credible.Questions 13 (Suggested completion time: 4 minutes)Directions: Read the passage about syllogism. Decide whether the reasonings are Valid or Inv alid

26、 based on the prin ciples of syllogism.Syllogism is a kind of logical argument that applies deductive reasoning to arrive at a con clusi on based on two or more propositi ons that are asserted or assumed to be true. It is perhaps today s most commonly accepted form of logical reasoning in aptitude t

27、ests. The most com monly used type of syllogisms is elucidated in a freque ntly used example:Premise 1: All men are mortal.Premise 2: Socrates is a man.Con clusi on: Socrates is mortal.Now practice syllogisms for IQ tests. Please note that the con clusi on is based on logical reasoning and doesn t n

28、ecessarily represent the.“ truth ” always13. Valid ( ); I nvalid ()Premise 1: All huma n actio n is con diti oned by circumsta nces.Premise 2: All huma n actio n invo Ives morality.Conclusion: All that invoIves morality is conditioned by circumstances.Questions 14 (Suggested completion time: 4 minut

29、es)Directi ons: Read the passage about con trapositi on. Decide whether the reas onings are Valid or Inv alid based on the prin ciples of con trapositi on.In logic, contraposition is a law that says that a conditional statement is logically equivale nt to its con trapositive. The con trapositive of

30、the stateme nt has its an tecede nt and con seque nt inv erted and flipped. The most com monly used type of con trapositi on is elucidated in the following example:Premise 1: If it is raining, then there are clouds in the sky.Premise 2: There are no clouds in the sky.Con clusi on: It is not raining.

31、always.Now practice contraposition for IQ tests. Please note that the conclusion is based on logical reasoning and doesn t necessarily represent the“ truth ”14. Valid ( ); I nvalid ()Premise 1: If he is not an America n, he is not from Texas.Premise 2: He is from Texas.Con clusi on: He is an America

32、 n.Questions 15-17 (Suggested completion time: 6 minutes)Directi ons: Read the text about a scie nee discovery. An swer the questi ons accordi ng to the textMan ipulat ing MemoryMemory is no toriously malleable. Our recollect ions fade and take on new meanings;sometimes we remember things that n eve

33、r eve n happe ned. But 15s phyRece ntly, however, scie ntists have started to grasp and tin ker with memory basis. Last year, in work evocative of films such as Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind and In cepti on, researchers discovered ways to mani pulate specific memories inmice using optoge net

34、ics, a powerful tech nique that can trigger n erve cells in ani mals brains by zapping them with beams of laser light. In a series of experiments, they showed that they could delete existing memories andalse onincept ” fThis year, researchers went even further: switching the emotional content of a m

35、emory in mice from bad to good and vice versa. Under the laser, for example, male mice that had once associateda certa in room with being shocked were tricked into acti ng as though they had once met frien dly female mice there in stead.Whether the mice in these experime nts actually experie need vi

36、vid false memories or just a fuzzy sense of pleasure or fear is unclear. Nor is it clear whether the findings apply to the tricks of memory so familiar to people. Lon g-sought therapeutic adva nces, such as treatme nts for post-traumatic stress disorder, could rema in far off. One thing is certa in,

37、 however: Once con sidered bey ond scie ntific dissect ion, memory is fin ally starting to yield its secrets.15. Which of the follow ing best fits the nu mbered space in the passage?A. what is really happening in our brain as memories are remodeled remains mysteriousB. scie ntists are curious about

38、why people are oblivious to what have happe ned to themC. adva need tech no logy has helped scie ntists discover the work ings of our brainD. some scientists argue that what we observe about human memory is not what it really is16. The word incept ” is closest in meaning to.A. operateB. startC. dete

39、ctD. occupy17. Which of the followi ng can be in ferred from the passage?A. People s false memories result from the impact of different emotion provoked by later experie nee on the same spot.B. The success in research in dicates that it/von t be long that a therapy is workedout for people disturbed

40、by painful memory.C. By zapp ing the brain cells of mice with light, researchersare able to create, erase, or alter their memories, good or bad.D. Many fancy ideas in scie nee fictions or movies that are based on them actually draw greatly upon scientific achievement.Questions 18-19 (Suggested compl

41、etion time: 4 minutesDirecti ons: Read the followi ng passage about cholera. Decide whether the stateme nts are True or False accord ing to the passage.A child receives the oral cholera vacc ine Shan cholCholera is caused by a bacterial in fectio n of the in test ine. Approximately one in 20 people

42、infected with cholera has a serious case, with symptoms including severe diarrhea, vomiti ng, and leg cramps. These symptoms quickly cause dehydrati on and shock, and can result in death within hours if the infected person doesn rfeceive treatment. Cholera is typically transmitted by contaminated fo

43、od or water. In areas with poor treatme nt of sewage and drinking water, the feces of people with cholera can en ter the water supply and spread quickly, result ing in an epidemic. The cholera bacterium may also live in the en vir onment in some coastal waters, so shellfish eate n raw can be a sourc

44、e of cholera in affected areas.18. Cholera is known to be a life-threate ning diseasewhich easily causesdeath of most of the patie nts.True ( ) False ()19. Cholera typically occurs in areas near the sea or the river where contaminated food is a major source of the disease.Questi ons 20-21 (Suggested

45、 completi on time: 5 minu tes)Directi ons: Read the abstract of a research paper from the DeepM ind website. Decide whether the stateme nts are True or False accord ing to the abstract.Teach ing Machi nes to Read and Comprehe ndAuthors: K. M. Hermann, T. Ko?isky, E. Grefenstette, L. Espeholt, W. Kay

46、, M. Suleyma n, P. Blun somPublished: NIPS 2015Abstract: Teaching machines to read natural language documents remains an elusive challe nge. Mach ine read ing systems can be tested on their ability to an swer questio ns posed on the contents of docume nts that they have see n, but un til now large s

47、cale training and test datasets have bee n miss ing for this type of evaluati on. In this work we defi ne a new methodology that resolves this bottle neck and provides large scale supervised reading comprehension data. This allows us to develop a class of attention based deep n eural n etworks that

48、learn to read real docume nts and an swer complex questi ons with mi nimal prior kno wledge of Ian guage structure.20. Previous studies didn take constant effort to evaluate the reading ability of artificial in tellige nee mach in es, which was why the prese nt research was con ducted.True ( ) False

49、 ()21. One implicati on of the research is that a methodology that helps gather and han dle big data is indispensible to artificial intelligence related studies.Questions 22-23 (Suggested completion time: 5 minutes)Directions: Read the passage about the“Think small ” advertising campaign. Answerthe

50、questi ons accord ing to the passage.Thi nk SmallIf you renterested in marketing and advertising, Volkswagen s“Thinksmall ” campaign for the Beetle when it was first introduced to North America in 1959 looms large as one of the greatest advertising campaigns of all time. It wasn tust a revolution in

51、 automotive advertising; it changed the entire industry.Un til the Beetle hit the market, automotive marketi ng copy was full of bluster, and the images were flights of fancy, emphasizing low, long lines and a fantasy lifestyle.The clea n, simple photography on a white backgro und that emphasized th

52、e Beetle compact, practical form may seem com mon place these days, but it was a revoluti on in a world where America ns grew up obsessed with muscle cars, horsepower, and tire smoke. Making the car small, when the convention was to make it fill the page, was also no vel. The simplistic approach to

53、desig n and layout was totally con trary to the advertising conventions of the time._ 22 The text was mini malist in both look and content, prese nting the facts simply in stead of trying to weave tall tales and fan tasies; and in stead of bluster, it ushered in an in tellige nt sense of humor that

54、made readers feel like they were in on the joke. The message was one of smart an ti-luxury, and took gen tle aim at an in dustry obsessed with superficiality and styling, rather than the substance underneath the car bodies.Not on ly does“ Thi nk small ” continue to in spire Volkswage n advertisi ngi

55、tiythisit ushered in a creative revoluti on in the advertis ing bus in ess and cha nged the world of marketing forever.“ Think small ” showed the power of humor and honesty, and itsphotographic and desig n prin ciples brought about a major shift in the look and feel of market ing around the world.22

56、. Which of the senten ces below best fits the nu mbered space in the passage?A. What defined the ad even more than its visual style was the tone of its copy.B. This ad starts off doing the exact opposite of what you would expect in a carad.C. This was an exercise in mini malism and a very accurate r

57、eflect ion on the product itself.D. The car wasn t depicted as an integral piece of the daily lives of a middle class family.23. It can be inferred that the advertising conventions of the 1950s were reflected inthe followi ng except that.A. the ads in the 1950s typically showed proud owners and pass

58、engers evokinggreat joy about new shiny big acquisiti ons.B. the marketing concept then focused on providing as much information aspossible to the reader such as the way it s created.C. the marketi ng schemes associated the advertised product with an idea or a wayof liv ing from average con sumers perspective.D. the marketi ng practice may attach importa nee to a sense of hu