安永笔试题目精华

1、|g|g|?l1. Although90 percent of the populationbelievesitself to be well inFORMed about healthcare, only 20p erce ntknowsenoughabout DNA. Soapparently at least 80 percentof the populationdoesnot knowenoughaboutmedical concepts to makewell-i nF ORMedpersonalmedical choices or tomakegood publichealth c

2、are.p olicydecisi ons aboutTheargume ntsreas oningis questi on ablebecausethe argume ntfailstodemon stratethat(A) those peoplewho canun dersta ndn ewsstoriesaboutDNAare abletomake well-i nF ORMedpersonalmedicalchoices(B) more tha n20 percentof thepop ulati onn eedsto bewellinF ORMedabout health care

3、 forgoodp ublicpolicydecisi onsabouthealthcareto be made(C)on es beingableto make well-inFORMedpersonal medicalchoices ensures thatone makesgoodp ublicp olicydecisi onsabout health care(D)an understandingof DNA is essentialtomak ing well-i nF ORMedpersonal medical choices or tomak inggoodp ublicp ol

4、icydecisi onsabouthealth care(E)since90 percentof thepop ulati onbelieves itselftobe wellinF ORMedabouthealthcare, at least 70percentof thepop ulati onismistake nin that belief.2.Duringthe 1980s, Japan ese collectorswere veryactive in the market for Europeanart, especiallyas purchasers ofnin etee nt

5、h-ce nturyImpr essi onista specificprefereneeon the partpain ti ngs.This strik ingp atter nsurely reflectsof manyJapanesecollectors for certain aesthetic attributes they found in ninetee nth-ce nturyImp ressi onistpain ti ngs.Which one of thefollowing, if true, most strongly supports the explanation

6、above?(A) Impressionistpaintings first became popular among art collectorsin Europe at the beginningof the twentieth century.expa(B) During the 1980s, the Japanese economy underwent a sustained nsion that was unprecedented in the countrys recent history.certaintech(C) Several nineteenth-centuryImpre

7、ssionist painters adoptedniques and visual effects found in Japanese prints that are highlyestee11. The average cable television company offers its customers50 channels,but new fiber-optic lines will enable telephone companies to provide 100 to 150 television channels to their customers for the same

8、 price as cable companies charge for 50. Therefore, cable companies will be displaced by the new companies within a few years.Which of the following, if true, most helps to strengthen the argument?(A) The initial cost per household of installing new fiber-optic television service will exceed the cur

9、rent cost of installing cable television service.(B) The most popular movies and programs on channels carriedby cable companies will also be offered on channels carried by the fiber-opticlines owned by the telephone companies.(C) Cable television companies will respond to competition fromthe telepho

10、ne companies by increasing the number of channels they offer.(D)Some telephone companiesown cable companies in areas other than those inwhich they provide telephoneservices.(E)The new fiber-optic servicesoffered by telephone companieswill be subject tomore stringent governmentalprogramming regulatio

11、ns thanthosetowhich cable companies are now subject.12. The only physical factor preventinga humanjourney to Marshasbeenweight. Carrying enough fuel to propel aconventionalspacecraft toMarsandback would make even the lightestcrafttoo heavyto belaunchedfromEarth.A device has recently been invented,ho

12、wever, thatallowsan otherwiseconventional spacecraft to refill the craftsfuel tanks withfuelmanufacturedfrom the Martian atmosphere for the returntrip. Therefore,it ispossible forpeople to go to Mars in a spacecraft thatcarries this deviceand thenreturn.ds?Which one of thefollowing isan assumption o

13、nwhich theargumentdepen(A)The amountof fuel neededfor a spacecraftto returnfrom Mars is thesameas the amountof fuel neededto travel fromEarthtoMars.(B)Thefuel manufactured fromthe Martian atmospherewould notdiffer in compositionfromthefuel usedtotravel toMars.(C) Thedeviceformanufacturingfuel fromth

14、e Martianatmospherewouldnot take upany ofthespaceshipcrews livingspace.(D) A conventionalspacecraftequipped with the devicewould notbe appreciably more expensiveto construct than current spacecrafttypicallyare.(E) The device for manufacturingfuel for the return to Earth weighs less than the tanks of

15、 fuel that a conventional spacecraft would otherwise need to carry from Earth for the return trip.13. In 1712 the governmentof Country Y appointed a censor to prohibit the publication of any book critical of Country Ys government;all new books legally published in the country after 1712 were approve

16、d by a censor. Under the first censor, one half of the book manus submitted to the censor were notapproved for publication.Under the next censor, only one quarter of the bookmanus submitted were not approved, but the number of book manus that were approved was the same under both censors. If the sta

17、tements in the passage are true, which one of the following can be properly concluded from them?(A) More books critical of Country Ys governmentswere published beforethe appointmentof the first censor than after it.(B)The first censor and the second censor prohibited the publication of the samenumbe

18、r of book manus.(C)to thesecond.(D)The secondcensor allowed some book manus to the published that the first censor wouldhave considered critical of Country Ys government.(E) The numberof writers who wrote unpublishedmanus was greater undMore book manus were submitted for approval to the first censor

19、 thaner the first censor than under the second.14. If the governmentincreases its funding for civilian scientific research, private patrons and industries will believe that such research has become primarilythe governments responsibility.When theybelievethat researchis no longerprimarily theirrespon

20、sibility,private patronsandindustrieswilldecreasetheircontributionstoward research.Therefore, inorderto keepfromdepressing theoverall levelof funding forcivilian scientificresearch, thegovernment shouldnot increaseits own funding.s?ngngersanWhich one ofthefollowing isan assumptionon whichthe argumen

21、trelie(A)for(B)for(C)Governmentsshould bearthe majority of the financial burden offundicivilian scientificAny increase incivilian scientificPrivate donationswhose work receives(D)oneCiviliansourcescientificof ernmentfunding would displace moreresearch than it would provide.toward

22、 research are no longergovernment funding.research cannot beconductedwelcomedefficientlyprivatebywithfundiresearchmore th(E) e level.fundingfor civilianscientificresearchis currentlyat the highest possibl15.Dentalresearcher:Fillinga cavity ina toothisnota harmless procedure: itinevitablydamagessome

23、ofthe healthypartsofthetooth. Cavities areharmfulonly ifthe decayreachesthe nervesinsidethetooth, and many cavitiprogress tothat point. Therefore, dentists should nes, if left untreated, neverot fill a cavity unless thenerves insidethe tooth are in imminent danger fromthat cavity.Which one of the fo

24、llowing principles, if valid, most strongly supports the researchers reasoning?(A) Dentistsshould perFORMany procedure thatis likely to bebeneficial in the long term,but only iftheprocedure does notcause immediatedamage.(B)Dentistsshould helptheirpatients to preventcavitiesratherthan waiting untilca

25、vitiesare presentto begin treatment.(C)conditionthat isonly potentially harmful should notbe treated usinga methodthat isdefinitelyharmful.(D)conditionthatistypicallyprogressiveshould not betreated using methodsthat provideonlytemporaryrelief.ess(E)A conditionthatis potentiallyharmfulshould not be l

26、eft untreated unlit can be keptunderconstant surveillance.rbit at anangle of roughly 23degrees. That angle canbe keptfairlystableonly by thegravitationalinfluenceof Earths large,nearbyMoon.Withoutsuchastable and moderateaxis tilt,a planets climateis tooextremeandunstableto supportlife. Mars,for exam

27、ple, has only verysmallmoons,tilts atwildlyfluctuatingangles, andcannotsupport life.If thestatementsabove are true, which oneof thefollowingmustalsobe16.the basisofthem?true onThe axis of Earths daily rotation is tiltedwith respect to the plane of its o(A) If Mars hadsufficiently large nearby moon,

28、Mars would be able to support life.(B) If Earths Moon were toleave Earths orbit, Earths climate would benable to support life.(C) Any planetwith a stable,moderate axis tilt cansupport life.(D) Gravitationalinfluencesotherthan moonshavelittle or no effect onthe magnitude of thetilt angle ofeitherEart

29、hs orMarssaxis.(E)No planet that hasmorethanone mooncan support life17.Psychologist:Someastrologersclaim thatour horoscopes completelyetermineour personalities,but this claim is false,I concede that identical twins who are, of course, born at practically the same time often dohave similar personalit

30、ies.However, birth records were examined to findtwoindividuals who wereborn 40 years ago on the same day and at exactlythesame time one ina hospital in Torontoand one in a hospital in NewYork.Personalities of thesetwoindividualsarein fact different.Which oneofthe followingisan assumption onwhich the

31、psychologistsargumentdepends?n.(A)Astrologershave notsubjected their claimsto rigorousexperimentatio(B)Thepersonality differences between the twoindividualscannot be explained by thecultural difference between Toronto andNew York.(C) Thegeographicaldifference between Torontoand New York did not resu

32、lt in the two individuals having different horoscopes.als.(D)Complete birth records for the past 40 yearswere kept at bothhospit(E)Identical twins have identical genetic structuresand usually havesimilar homeenvironments.18.incomme?Which one of the following, iftrue,LEASTstrengthenstheargument abov(

33、A)After thelaptop computerwasturnedoff, the planeregained course and itsnavigationinstrumentsanddialsreturnedto normal.(B)When inuse all electronicdevices emitelectromagneticradiation, which is knownto interfere with circuitry.ercial aircraft, are made with low-power circuitry,which is more suscepti

34、bletointerference thanthe vacuum-tube circuitryfoundinolder planes. Duringlanding, navigation systems receive radio signalsfromtheairportto guide theplane to the runway.Recently, one plane withlow-powercircuitryveered offcourse during landing,its dials dimming, whena passengerturnedon a laptopcomput

35、er. Clearly,modern aircraft navigationsystemsare beingput at riskby tmost of todaysonascassette playershe electronic devices that passengers carryboard, suchModern navigation systems, which are found(C) Noproblems with navigationalequipmentor instrumentdials have been reportedon flights with no pass

36、enger-ownedelectronic deviceson board.and laptop computers.(D) Significant electromagneticradiation from portable electronicdevices can travel up to eight meters, and some passenger seats on modernaircraft are located within four meters of the navigation systems.(E) Planes were first equipped with l

37、ow-power circuitry at aboutthe sametime portable electronic devices became popular.Jane: Television programs and movies that depict violence among teenagers are extremely popular. Given how influential these media are, we have goodreason to believe that these depictions cause young people to engage

38、in violent behavior. Hence, depictions of violence among teenagers should be prohibited from movies and television programs, if only in those programs and movies promoted to young audiences.Maurice: But you are recommendingnothing shortof censorship! Besideswhich, your claim that television and movi

39、e depictionsof violence cause violence is mistaken:violence among young people predatesmovies and televisionby centuries.Janes argument?19. Which one of the following, if true, most strengthens(A) The most violent characters depicted in movies and on television programs are adult characters who are

40、portrayed by adult actors.(B) The movies that havebeen shown to have the most influence on young peoples behavior are thosethat are promoted to young audiences.(C) The people who makethe most profits in the movie and television industry are those who can successfully promote their work to both young

41、 and old audiences.(E) The proportion ofrecruits who had completed atleast two years of col(D) Many adolescents who engage in violent behavior had already displayed such behavior before they were exposed violence in movies.(E) Among the producers who make both movies and television programs,many vol

42、untarily restrict the subject matter of films directed toward young audiences.20. A rise in the percentage of all 18-year-olds who were recruited by thearmed services of a small republic between 1980 and 1986 correlates with arise in the percentage of young people who dropped out of high school in t

43、hatrepublic. Since 18-year-olds in the republic are generally either high school graduates or high school dropouts, the correlation leads to the conclusion that the republics recruitment rates for 18-year-olds depend substantially on recruitment rates for high school dropouts.Which one of the follow

44、ing statements, if true, most weakens the argument?(A) A large number of 18-year-old high school graduates were recruited for the republics armed services in 1986 than in 1980.(B) Many of the high-technologysystems used by the republics armed services can be operated only by individuals who have com

45、pleteda high school education.(C) Between 1980 and 1986 the percentage of high schoolgraduates among 18-year-olds recruited in the republic rose sharply.(D) Personnel of the republics armed services are stronglyencouraged tofinish their high school education.in 1986 than in 1980.lege education was g

46、reater21. Historian: We canlearn about the medical historyof individuals through chemical analysis of their hair. It is likely, for example,that Isaac Newtonspsychological problems were due to mercury poisoning; traces of mercury were found in his hair. Analysis is now being done on a lock of Beetho

47、venshair.Although no convincing argument has shown that Beethoven ever hada venereal disease, some people hypothesize that venereal disease caused hisdeafness. Since mercury wascommonlyingested in Beethovens time to treatvenereal disease, if researchersfindtrace of mercuryin his hair,we can conclude

48、 that this hypothesis iscorrect.Which one of thefollowingis an assumptionon whichthe historians argument depends?(A)None of the mercuryintroducedintothebody canbe eliminated.(B)Some people in Beethovens timedidnotingest mercury.(C)Mercuryis an effective treatmentforvenereal disease.(D)Mercurypoisoni

49、ngcan cause deafnessin peoplewith venereal disease.(E)Beethovensufferedfrom psychologicalproblemsof the same severity as Newtons.22. In 1992,a majornewspaper circulatedthroughoutNorth Americanpaisalary paid by itsrepod its reporters an averageprinciple competitors to theirnewspaper arguedsirters. An

50、 executive of thethat this practice was justified,nce any shortfallthat might exist in the reporters salaries is fully compensated by the valuabletraining theyreceive through their assignments.Which one ofthe following,if true about thenewspaper in 1992,mostseriously underminesthe justificationoffer

51、ed by theexecutive?(A) Senior reporters at thenewspaperearnedasmuch as reportersofsimilar stature who worked for thenewspapersprinciplecompetitors.(B)Most of the newspapersreportershad workedthere for morethantenyears.(C)The circulation of the newspaperhad recentlyreached a plateau, afterithadincreased steadily throughout the1980s.omat(D)the(E)The union that represented reporters at the newspaper was different frunion that represented reportersThe newspaper was wide