《定从名词性从》PPT课件.ppt

1、名词性从句 which made us sad. （改为：_） He has two sisters, one of them is a teacher. （改为：_,house后加the one,that,whom,有分号或连词时不是定语从句,是平行结构,3).定语从句中主谓一致: 一般应与它所指代的先行词的单复数保持主谓一致 The students who were here just now are from No.1 Senior Middle School. 比较,He is the only one of the students who was here just now. H

2、e is one of the students who were here just now,如果one of +复数名词后跟有定语从句，一般情况下one of后的复数名词为先行词，但当one前有the only 修饰时，先行词则为one,非限制性定语从句和单句的比较 1.I am reading Harry Porter, _is an interesting book. 2.He failed in the exam._ made his parents angry. 3.He failed in the exam, _made his parents angry. 4.He has t

3、wo sons. Both of _ are teachers. 5.He has two sons, both of _ are teachers,which,That,which,them,whom,Noun Clauses include,Subjective Clause (主语从句), Objective Clause (宾语从句), Predicative Clause (表语从句), Appositive Clause (同位语从句,I. Conception Input,noun clauses,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,That she did best in

4、 the exam pleased her parents,I think that physics is very hard to learn,The problem is that we havent got in touch with them,The news that our team won the first prize excited all of us,that引导的,主语从句 在复合句中作主句的主语.引导词有连词that ,whether (that 不可省);代词有who, what ,which;副词 when ,where, how, why 等.如,1._ he i

5、s a famous singer is known to us. (It is known to us that he is a famous singer.,2._ he will go to America is not yet fixed. (It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.) 3. _ he said was right. It was right what he said.,That,When,What,用it 作形式主语的结构,1) It is 名词 从句 It is a fact that 事实是 It is an

6、honor that 非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that 是常识 (2) It is 形容词 从句 It is natural that S + should do 很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是 ( important, necessary, impossible ) (3) It is 不及物动词 从句 It seems that 似乎 It happened that 碰巧 (4) It 过去分词 从句 It has been proved that 已证实 It is said that 据说,表语从句,表语从句在复合句中作表语的名

7、词性从句，放在系动词之后，可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem 等。另，常用的还有the reason is that 和 It is because 等结构。例如：1) The question is _ we can make good preparation in such a short time.2) This is _ we cant get the support of the people3) But the fact remains _ we are behind the other classes.4) The reason why he

8、 is late for school is _ he missed the early bus,whether,why,that,that,表语从句,如果句子的主语是suggestion, order, advice, proposal等名词时，后面that引导的表语从句用 “（should ) +动词原形 ” 形式,His suggestion is that we （ should ）finish the work at once,宾语从句宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句， 通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词后。1. 作动词的宾语1) 由that引导的宾语从句（that可以省

9、略）, 1. I heard that be joined the army. 2. She did not know what had happened. 3. I wonder whether you can change the note. 4. He told me that he would accept my invitation.2. 作介词的宾语 Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.3. 作形容词的宾语 I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake,

10、引导宾语从句的that常常可以省略, 但在以下情况不能省略,make, find, feel, consider这些词后面用 it作形式宾语时, that不能省略,I find it necessary that we study English,2) 有两个宾语从句时，第二个that不能省略,He said (that) he would go there the next day and that his family wouldnt go there,3) 与动词相隔离的宾语从句，that不能省略,The teacher tells us very often that we shoul

11、d study hard,4) 宾语从句放在句首时,为了强调,that不能省略,That he has done such a thing I cant believe,同位语从句 在句中起同位语的作用.一般放在名词 fact , news , idea , promise, thought , suggestion 等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词.引导词有 连词 that ;少数情况下也可用连接副词等.如,1.The thought that we night success excited us. 2.The idea that they should try a second time

12、 is worth considering. 3. You had no idea how worried I was,同位语先行项例解表,2.The possibility whether Bush will win the election is worth considering. 3. I have no idea what the life will be like in 2100s,同位语从句与定语从句的区别,The news that he told me is that he would go abroad. （他告诉我的消息是真的） （that引导的是定语从句，that在从句

13、中作宾语） 2) The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him. （汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。） （同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分,Tell the difference,1.The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy. 2.The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming,3.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering. 4.The suggestion that they are considering is that students should learn something practical,同位语从句与定语从句的区别,1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分,2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的