雅思阅读中的复杂句句型

1、雅思阅读中的复杂句句型 雅思阅读中的复杂句句型结构分析讲解了雅思阅读中出现的复杂句的结构和内容的分析方法。下面就和大家分享雅思阅读中的复杂句句型结构分析,来欣赏一下吧。雅思阅读中的复杂句句型结构分析雅思的阅读部分有大量句型结构复杂、难以理解和把握的复杂句或难句。一般来说，这些句子有以下特点：一、句子冗长，大多数句子由20个以上单词组成，很多句子超过40个单词二、结构复杂，频繁使用并列复合句、多重复合句等复杂句式三、大多是阅读考试的出题点，在阅读试题中常常有所涉及我们可以从简单句开始分析语法简单句对于难度较大的简单句，阅读的基本方法是确定句子的主、谓、宾，找出句子的主干，忽略其他的成分，将长句变

2、成短句，将句型结构复杂的句子变成句型结构简单的句子。例1：it involves probing for deeply rooted concerns, devising creative solutions, and making trade-offs and compromises where interest are opposed.分析：句子的主语是it, 谓语是involves,三个动名词短语probing for deeply rooted concerns、devising creative solutions和making trade-offs and compromises作

3、宾语。意思是说：它涉及了探究深层次的关注、想出更有创意的解决方案以及当利益发生冲突的时候，做出交易和妥协。例2：automated techniques to measure these characteristics and verify a persons identity infallibly are attracting widespread attention in these days of increased use of credit cards and e-mail.分析：该句主语是automated techniques, 谓语是attract,宾语是attention,

4、in these days of increased use of credit cards and e-mail在句子里起时间状语的作用。意思是说：在信用卡和电子邮件越来越多地被使用的今天，用来测量这些特性和确认人的身份的自动技术吸引了广泛的关注。并列句如果句子包含两个或更多互不依从的主谓结构，就是并列句。并列句中的分句通常用一个并列连词来连接，最常见的并列连词有and,or 和but。最简单的方法就是将句子从并列连词处断开，将并列句变成两个或若干个相对短的句子，然后再用处理简单句的方法抓句子主干，来依次处理每个相对短的句子。例：government has encouraged waste

5、 paper collecton and sorting schemes and at the same time, the paper industry has responded by developing new recycling technologies that have paved the way for even greater utilization of used fibre.分析：这个复合句可以从and处将句子分成两个相对较短的句子：and前面是一个简单句;and后面的句子有一个由that引导的定语从句，充当new recycling technologies的定语。意思

6、是：政府鼓励了废纸的回收和分类计划，同时造纸工业也通过开发新的回收技术作出了反应，这个回收技术为更大程度地利用已经使用过的纤维铺平了道路。插入语结构插入语一般是对句子的某个成分的解释或补充说明，前后有逗号与其他句子成分分开，比较容易识别。处理插入语的基本办法是先略去不读，直接跳过两个逗号之间的内容，使插入语结构前后意思顺畅。例句1:to casual observers, as well as to influential natural scientists and regional planners, the luxuriant forests of amazonia seem agele

7、ss.分析：该句中，as well as to influential natural scientists and regional planners充当插入语，阅读句子时，可以先忽略这部分。意思是说：对不经意看到的人和有影响力的自然科学家、区域规划者来说，亚马逊地区的繁茂的森林似乎是永恒的。例句2:over 120 years ago, the english botanist j.d. hooker, writing of australian edible plants, suggested that many of them were eatable but not worth ea

8、ting.分析：此句中，两个逗号之间的内容即writing of australian edible plants, 充当插入语。意思是说：120多年前，在写到澳大利亚可食用的植物时，英国植物学家j.d.hooker就指出它们当中有很多可食用的，但却不值得食用。倒装结构在英语当中，主语和谓语有两种顺序：一种和汉语一致，即主语在前;另外一种顺序是谓语在主语前面，即倒装。阅读中一般会出现以not only等否定连词和never,seldom rarely, hardly等否定副词引导的倒装句。理解倒装句，就要把它转换成普通语句，把倒装语序还原为自然语序，在自然语序下理解句子。例句1：in a di

9、spute, not only do the interests of one party not coincide with those of the other party, but they are in conflict.分析：该句中，not only.but also.引导了倒装句，把其中的句子换成正常语序就是：the interests of one party do not coincide with those of the other party.整句的意思是：在一个争论中，不仅一方的利益和另外一方不一致，而且它们是相互矛盾的。例句2：hardly had we arrive

10、d in shanghai when it began to snow.分析：此句是由hardly.when引导出了倒装，意思是：我们一到上海天就开始下雪。雅思阅读：语法备考内容一.长句的处理总所周知，雅思阅读的三篇*都比较长，而且单词也相对比较难。然后最让考生头痛的就是几乎一半以上的句子都是长句。而所谓的对长句的处理就是指能清楚地知道这个长句的主干在是什么呢，基本上指的就是这个长句的主谓宾或主谓表是什么。这样的话，就大大减轻了考生的负担和压力。因为主干的单词往往都相对而言比较简单，并且，主干上的意思基本上就是作者的要表达的意义。当然，还有一个点是能弄懂长句的比较有立竿见影的好处就是出题者的出

11、题特点。我们先来看几个例子1. 题目：research completed in 1982 found that in the united states soil erosion(c3t2p2)a reduced the productivity of farmland by20 per centb was almost as severe as in india and chinac was causing significant damage to 20 per cent of farmlandd could be reduced by converting cultivated lan

12、d to meadow or forest原文：the united states, where the most careful measurements have been done, discovered in 1982 that about one-fifth of its farmland was losing topsoil at a rate likely to diminish the soils productivity.很明显，原文是一个长句，而对于长句的处理就是找出主干，我们可以看出来，这个句子的主干是the united states discovered in 198

13、2 that about one-fifth of its farmland was losing topsoil。所以答案就非常明显应该选择c。所以你会发现很多考生都会选的a项经过对此长句的分析，它根本就不在此长句的主干，也就是说这是对作者要表达的意思的补充说明。从这里我们可以看出，出题者对干扰项的出题思路，干扰项所在的位置都是定位句子的非主干部分。2. 题目：paragraph b how the port changes a citys infrastructure (c2t2p3)原文：port cities become industrial, financial and servi

14、ce centers and political capitals because of their water connections and the urban concentration which arises there and later draws to it railway, highways and air routes. water transport means cheap access, the chief basis of all port cities. many of the worlds biggest cities, for example, london,

15、new york, shanghai, istanbul, buenos aries, tokyo, jakarta, calcutta, philadelphia and san francisco began as portsthat is, with land-sea exchange as their major functionbut they have since grown disproportionately in other respects, so that their port functions are no longer dominant. they remain d

16、ifferent kinds of places from non-port cities and their port functions account for that difference.做这一道题的时候，考生只要知道出题者的出干扰项的思路，就不会选how the port changes a citys infrastructure这个小标题。很多考生之所以会选这个答案，很大程度上是因为第一句：port cities become industrial, financial and service centers and political capitals because of

17、their water connections and the urban concentration which arises there and later draws to it railway, highways and air routes. citys infrastructure想对应的就是railway, highways and air routes。然而我们可以看到这个长句的主干是：port cities become industrial, financial and service centers and political capitals。故这个小标题是个干扰项。3

18、. 题目：paragraph b ottawa international conference on health promotionottawa charter for health promotion (c2t1p2)原文：at the ottawa conference in 1986, a charter was developed which outlined new directions for health promotion based on the socio-ecological view of health. this charter, known as the ott

19、awa charter for health promotion, remains as the backbone of health action today. in exploring the scope of health promotion it states that:good health is a major resource for social, economic and personal development and an important dimension of quality of life. political, economica, social, cultu

20、ral, environmental, behavioural and biological factors can all favour health or be harmful to it.(who, 1986)the ottawa charter brings practical meaning and action to this broad notion of health promotion. it presents fundamental strategies and approaches in achieving health for all. the overall phil

21、osophy of health promotion which guides these fundamental strategies and approaches is one of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health (who, 1986).同样的道理，我们之间看到，这里的第一句：at the ottawa conference in 1986, a charter was developed which outlined new directions for health promot

22、ion based on the socio-ecological view of health.这个句子的主干就是：a charter was developed。所以小标题中的ottawa international conference on health promotion 就是干扰项的常用的招数。雅思阅读：制胜的关键阅读：疾如风，侵略如火阅读的制胜关键，在我看来就是一句话：速度压倒一切!很多阅读成绩不理想的同学往往都是因为考试的时候在规定的时间内来不及把题目做完而导致了分数不佳。因此，在阅读考试当中，做题一定要有“疾如风，侵略如火”的气势。当然，也要结合正确的方法：1、雅思阅读的难度

23、分配原则雅思阅读考试当中时间的分配很重要，一共60分钟时间做3篇*，你怎么分配时间?平均每篇20分钟?别傻了，这样你第三篇*肯定来不及!根据笔者长期的观察，可以把雅思阅读的*按照难度从低到高排列分为1，2，3三个等级。难度最低的1级*90%以上的题目答案都在每一段的“3句”(第一句，第二句，最后一句)范围之内，因此只要把文中每一段的“3句”读完就能找到绝大多数题目的答案，而且可以很快!难度为2级的*则是70%的题目答案在每段的“3句”范围中，剩下30%的题目答案则必须借助定位关键词等技巧在文中其它部分寻找。难度最高的3级*最“恐怖”，在这种类型的*中你会发现光看每一段的“3句”根本找不到任何题目的答案，绝大多数题目的答案都隐藏在文中中及其不起眼的角角落落。定