全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试理工类真题及答ABC合集- Microsoft W

1、云考网2009年全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试理工类真题及答ABC合集2009年全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试理工类A级真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1Why cant you stop your eternal complaining?Aeverlasting B longCtemporaryD boring2Hundreds of buildings were wrecked by the earthquake.Ashaken B damagedC

2、fallen D jumped3These paintings are considered by many to be authentic.Afaithful B royalCgenuineD sincere4Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics.AattractionB simplicityCpowerD rigor5Ten years after the event, her death still remains a puzzle.Amist B fogCmystery D secret6John

3、was irritated by the necessity for polite conversation,Aannoyed B troubledCangered D aroused7Academic records cannot be duplicated.AborrowedB purchasedCrewritten D copied8The emphasis on the importance of education has spurred scientific researchAfastened B encouragedCraisedD initiated9We have ample

4、 money for the journeyAsome B littleCextra D enough10 The doctors pills worked marvels for me.Apatients B miraclesCillness D recovery11 Marys perpetual moaning nearly drove me mad.Amonotonous B endlessCserious D bitter12 It was hard to say why the man deserved such shabby treatmentAold B unforgettab

5、leCfunny D unfair13 You didnt adhere to these principles.Afollow B orderCprove D handle14 The farmers also want to use the water to irrigate the barren land.Aempty B hairlessCbare D smooth15 Anyone who wants to apply for a loan need read the following specifications.Aexpressions B warningsC instruct

6、ions D advertisements参考答案：1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C6. A 7. D 8. B 9. D10. B11. B12. D13. A14. C15. C第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。Water-the Issue of This CenturyThe world is running short of fresh water. Populations ar

7、e growing bigger andThirstier（渴的), with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce (缺乏). Half the worlds wetlands have disappeared during the last century, while estimates suggest that water use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years.The World Bank report estimates that as much as hal

8、f of the worlds population, concentrated in Africa, the Middle East and south Asia, will face severe water shortages by 2025. Local water conflicts and the loss of freshwater ecosystems appear large in some regions.A similar picture emerges from the globes salt water regions. Three-quarters of the w

9、orlds people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025, putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries (渔业) are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and half the worlds coral reefs (珊瑚礁) may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fis

10、h species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says.The report concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safeguard supplies and use water more efficiently.Fresh water consumption is rising quickly, and the availability of water in some regions is li

11、kely to become one of the most pressing issues of the 21st century.A third of the worlds population - around two billion people - live in countries that are experiencing moderate to high water shortages. That proportion could rise to half or more in the next 30 years unless institutions (制度) change

12、to ensure better conservation and allocation of water.China is one country where the portents (征兆) are gloomy. The most water-stressed country in East Asia, China is exploiting 44% of its usable water, a figure projected to rise to 60% by 2020. Primary withdrawal of water of more than 60% is widely

13、considered by water experts to exceed the environmental carrying capacity of a river basin system. Although Chinas total use appears still to be reasonable, it has several basins that are severely stressed environmentally.Withdrawals exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan, and will

14、exceed them in India by 2020. In the Middle East and North Africa, only Morocco has unexploited water resources. The rest have exceeded environmental limits and many are mining aquifers (蓄水层) - bodies of water-bearing rock - the report says.16It is estimated that water use will rise by 50% in the ne

15、xt 30 years.A Right BWrong C Not mentioned17Most developed countries will face water shortages in 20 years.A Right BWrong C Not mentioned18Most of the worlds population may live within 100km of the sea in 2025.A Right BWrong C Not mentioned19Almost all coral reefs may disappear in 100 years.A Right

16、BWrong C Not mentioned20Some species of fish in the Atlantic are at dangerously low levels.A Right BWrong C Not mentioned21The World Bank report implies that urgent action should be taken to protect water supplies.A Right BWrong C Not mentioned22India exceeds environmental limits for water use.A Rig

17、ht BWrong C Not mentioned参考答案：16. A17. C18. A19. B20. C21. A22. B第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第14段每段1选择个最佳标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。Chimpanzees1Chimpanzees (黑猩猩) will soon be extinct (灭绝). If the present rate of hunting and habitat (栖息地) destruction co

18、ntinues, then within 20 years, there will be no chimpanzees living in the wild. But this is more than an environmental or moral tragedy (悲剧). Chimpanzee extinction may also have profound implications (含意) for the survival of their distant relatives - human beings.2In 1975 the biologist Marie-Claire

19、King and Allan Wilson discovered that the human and chimpanzee genomes (基因组) match by over 98%. Compare this to the mouse,used as model for human disease in lab tests, which shares only 60% of its DNA with us. In fact, chimpanzees are far more similar to humans than they are to any other species of

20、monkey. As well as resembling us genetically, chimps are highly intelligent and able to use tools. These facts alone should be enough to make protection of chimps an urgent priority (优先). But there is another, more selfish reason to preserve the chimp.3The chimpanzees trump card (王牌) comes in the fi

21、eld of medical research. Chimpanzees are so similar to humans that veterinarians (兽医) often refer to human medical textbooks when treating them. Yet chimpanzees do show differences in several key areas. In particular, chimps are much more resistant to a number of major diseases. It is this ability t

22、hat is so interesting.4For example, chimps seem to show a much higher resistance than humans to HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Indeed, their use as experimental animals in AIDS research has declined because they are so resistant.5By sequencing the chimp genome and pinpointing (找到) the place where

23、the chimpanzee DNA sequence differs from that of humans, scientists hope to be able to discover which part of the genetic code gives chimps their increased resistance to some diseases. This, they hope, will allow them to develop new and more effective treatments for the human forms of these diseases

24、. Such treatments could include the production of new drugs or even the alteration (改变) of the human genetic sequence. The recently completed human genome sequencing project has shown that such an effort is now well within our reach.23Paragraph 1 24Paragraph 2 25Paragraph 3 26Paragraph 4 AReasons fo

25、r HIV resistanceBImplications of chimpanzee extinction for humansCEffective AIDS treatmentDGenetic similarities between chimps and humansEChimps resistance to HIVFGenetic differences between chimps and humans27Chimpanzee extinction may affect 28There is a difference of less than 2% between the chimp

26、 and 29Scientists suspect that genes play a significant role in protecting chimps from getting 30The discovery of the genetic code of chimps will be helpful to Asome human disease treatmentsBsome diseasesChuman survivalDhuman genomesEkey areasFhealthier lifestyle参考答案：23. B24. D25. F26. E27. C28. D29

27、. B30. A第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。31The “Youth Emancipation” program aims at helping young peopleAfight for freedom.Blive in an independent way.Cfight against social injustice.Dget rid of family responsibilities.32It can be inferred from paragraph 5 that family

28、 ties are stronger in Portugal than inAFinland.BGreece.CSpain.DItaly.33Young peoples family dependence can be attributed to all the following factors EXCEPTAparents tolerance.Bhousing problems.Ccultural traditions.Dunwillingness to get married.34Which of the following statements is ，NOT true of Dion

29、isio Masso？A She is 60 years old.B She has a boyfriend.C She has three children.D She lives in Madrid.35The phrase “wary of” in paragraph 8 could be best replaced byAtired of.Bafraid of.Ccautious about.Dworried about.参考答案：31. B32. A33. D34. B35. C第二篇 Listening to BirdsongA male zebra finch (雀科鸣鸟) ch

30、irps (鸣) away to himself. Suddenly he notices a female bird nearby. He realizes he has an audience and immediately changes his song. Can the female tell the difference in his performance? According to a new study, the female zebra finch knows. And she prefers the special trills he creates whenhe sin

31、gs to her. A male zebra finch changes his song when singing to a female in ways that people can barely detect. But the female finch can tell the difference.Scientists had noticed slight variations in the songs of male zebra finches based on whether they were singing alone or whether there was a fema

32、le (and potential mate) nearby. With an audience, the males sped up the pace of their songs and controlled the notes they used.For this study, .researchers Sarah C. Woolley and Allison Doupe at the University of California, San Francisco decided to focus attention on the listening females, which hav

33、e not been well studied in the past.In the study, Woolley and Doupe set up a long cage with a sound speaker at each end. One broadcast the sound of a male zebra finch singing to himself, like someone singing in the shower. The other speaker broadcast a male performing for a female audience, as if he

34、 was giving a concert.Female birds were placed between the two speakers. Some of the birds had mates, others didnt. The females shifted around a bit, and then most of them hopped over to sit beside just one speaker. All the birds that made a clear choice liked songs meant for a female audience, even

35、 if theyd never met the male.Mated females also had a chance to listen to two different performance songs, one from an unknown male, and one from their mate. They spent more time listening to the concert version of their mates songs, this suggests that after a while, females learn to recognize - and

36、 prefer - the songs of their mates.Scientists then studied the brains of the females. They found certain areas of the brain perked up (活跃起来) when the birds listened to the concert songs. These brain areas may be involved in recognizing and evaluating the songs, and storing the memories of them.This

37、research deals with whats called directed communication, when the communicator, or sender, focuses the message for a specific audience. One example is the way morns speak to their babies. Mothers around the world use the same sort of high-pitched sing-song chatter (喋喋不休), and the babies respond best

38、 to those sounds. Songbirds are one of the only other species known to learn their communication, in this case their songs.36 Which of the following is true about birdsongs?A Female zebra finches are too shy to sing before males.B Male zebra finches sing louder than females.C Male zebra finches chan

39、ge their songs to attract females.D Female zebra finches like to listen to unknown males sing37 What did the researchers find in their study of female zebra finches?A Female finches liked songs male finches sang for them.B Female finches only liked songs male finches sang for their matesC Female fin

40、ches liked to listen to songs from both speakers,D Female finches chose the best male singers as their mates.38 What is meant by concert songs in paragraph 7?A Songs sung by zebra finches at a concert.B Songs sung by female finches for male finchesC Songs sung by male finches to other finches.D Song

41、s sung by male finches for female finches39 The expression directed communication in the last paragraph means communication in whichA the communicator sends messages to himself.B the message sender has a specific audience.C two communicators send messages to each other.D mothers talk to their babies

42、 in their mother tongue.40 Which of the following can best reflect the theme of the passage?A Chirping away.B Zebra finches and their life.C Frequencies of birdsongs.D Birdsongs as communication.参考答案：36. D37. B38. C39. A40. C第三篇 The Robot ManAccording to Hans Moravec, universal robots will take over

43、 all the physical activities that we engage in, leaving us with little to do. Moravec sees four generations on the road to true universal robots. The first generation will be here by 2010 and will consist of free-ranging robots that can navigate by building an internal mental map of their surroundin

44、gs. In new situations theyll be able to adapt, unlike todays mobile industrial robots. These robots will have the computing power,to cope with simple speech and text recognition, and will be used for tasks such as domestic cleaning.The second generation will arrive around 2020 and will be distinguis

45、hed by the ability to learn. Second generation robots are programd with sets of primitive tasks and with feedback that provide pleasure and pain stimuli. For example, a collision provokes a negative response, a completed task would be positive.Move forward another ten years to 2030 and you get to ge

46、neration three. This robot can build internal simulations of the world around it. Before= beginning a task, it can imagine what will happen in order to predict problems. If it has a free moment, it can replay past experiences and try variations in order to find a better way of doing things next time

47、. It could even observe a person or-another robot performing a task and learn by imitation. For the first time, we have here a robot that can think.By the time we get to generation four in 2040, Moravec predicts that robots will be able to: match human reasoning and behaviour; generalise abstract id

48、eas from specific experience; and, conversely, compile detailed plans of action from general commands such as earn a living or make more robots.The Moravec manifesto (宣告) runs something like this. As robots start to become useful in generation one, theyll begin to take on-many tasks in industry. Dri

49、venby the availability of this cheap and tireless labour force, the economy will boom and the demand for robots will grow so rapidly that they will soon become low-cost commodity items So much so that theyll move into the home, where the domestic robot will relieve us of many chores.With increasing

50、automation in generations two and three, the length of the average working day will plummet, eventually to near zero. Most people will be unemployed as robots take over not just primary industry, but the service economy too. Moravec sees the fourth generation as an opportunity to surpass our human l

51、imitations.These future machines will be our mind children. Like biological children of previous generations, they will embody humanitys best hope for a long-term future.41 What will be the distinctive feature of the second generation robots?A They will be able to learn by themselves.B They will be

52、able to recognize speeches and texts.C They will be able to predict problems.D They will be able to match human reasoning and behavior.42 Which of the following statements is true of the future robots?A They will take over the information industry.B They will relieve us of many chores.C They will ne

53、ver surpass us.D They will become high-cost commodity items.43 The authors main purpose is toA support the view that robots will play a major role in our life.B describe the life of Hans Moravec.C make fun of the views of Hans Moravec.D get people prepared for the threat of future robots.44 The word

54、 plummet in paragraph 6 meansA stretch.B decrease.C extend.D grow.45 What does Moravec think of these future robots?A They will be humans mind-children.B They will look like previous biological childrenC They will create a dangerous world.D They will rule the world.参考答案：41. B42. A43. B44. A45. B第5部分

55、：补全短文（第4650题，每题2分，共10分）下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。My Life at RendaI learned very quickly that being a teaching assistant （TA） at the University of Iowa would be different from being a teacher at Renmin University.（46） Eyes staring，mouths open，students examined my big nose

56、，while I was writing my name on the blackboard.At Iowa，when my first classes began，half of my students still hadnt arrived. When everyone finally found a seat，ringing cellphones and loud yawns （哈欠）interrupted my opening remarks. It is not that American students were disrespectful. （47） They were，however，far more skeptical than the students I had at Renda. The truth is I couldnt fault them for their skepticism. Undergraduates at large US universities - especially freshmen and sophomores - often have several classes a semester handled by TAs. In some cases，the TA sets th