2017 2018高中英语Unit2LanguageSectionⅤProject牛津译林必修3

1、Section,Project,读文清障,原文呈现,The development of,Chinese characters,The Chinese language,differs from,Western,languages in that,instead,of an,alphabet,it uses,Chinese character,汉字,differ from,和,不同，不同于,differ,dIf,r),v,i,相异，有区别,in that,在于，因为,引导原因,状语从句,alphabet,lf,bet,n,一种语言的,字,母表，全部字母,读文清障,原文呈现,which,引导的定

2、语从句,修饰,characters,stand for,代表，象征,deed,di,d,n,行为，行动,in many cases,在许多情况,下,make up,构成,characters,which,stand for,ideas,objects or,deeds,Chinese words,are formed by putting together,different characters.In many,cases,a single character can also,make up,a word.The history of the,Chinese language can be

3、 examined,by looking at how these characters,developed,读文清障,原文呈现,Chinese,writing,began thousands of,years ago.According,to,an ancient story, a,man named Cang Jie,invented,Chinese,writing. One winter day,while he was,hunting,10,writing,raItI,n,文字；文字作品,according to,根据，是介词短语，后,跟名词作宾语,过去分词短语,named Cang

4、Jie,是后,置定语，修饰,a man,invent,v,发明；创造；捏造,discover,发现,hunt,h,nt,v,t,v,i,打猎，猎杀；搜寻,读文清障,原文呈现,he saw the tracks,of animals,in the snow and observed that,the,appearance,of each one,was different.Then he had the,idea,that he could use,different shapes to,represent,different objects. The first,Chinese charact

5、ers were,drawings,of physical,objects,track,n,踪迹,appearance,pI,r,ns,n,外观,外貌,that he could,是同位语从句,解,释说明,idea,的具体内容,represent,reprIzent,v,t,代表；展,示，描绘,drawing,dr,I,n,绘画，绘画艺术,physical,adj,有形的；实物的；物,质的；物理的,读文清障,原文呈现,Some characters have been,simplified,21,and others have been made more,difficult over tim

6、e,22,However,as a,whole,23,the characters have developed,from drawings into standard forms.The,character for a mountain was at first,three mountaintops,24,together.This,became one mountaintop and three lines,and over time turned into the character,used nowadays,21,simplify,s,ImplIfaI,v,t,简化,22,over

7、time,随着时间的,推移；久而久之,23,as a whole,作为整体,总体上,24,mountaintop,n,山顶,汉字的发展,第,1,2,段译文,汉语与西方语言不同，区别在于它不使用字母，而是用汉,字表示思想、物体或行为。中文的词语是通过把不同的汉字放,在一起而组成的。在许多情况下，一个单字也能构成一个词,通过研究这些汉字是如何发展的就可以考察汉语的历史了,汉字起源于数千年前。根据古代传说，一位名叫仓颉的人,发明了汉字。他在某个冬日打猎时，看到各种动物留在雪中的,足迹，他发现足迹的外观各不相同，接着他有了用不同形状代,表不同物体的想法。最初的汉字只是表现有形物体的图画。随,着时间的推

8、移，一些汉字被简化了，而另一些则变得更加复杂,了。然而，总体看来，汉字已从图画发展成了标准形式。表示,山,的汉字最初是三座山峰并列，继而变成了一座山峰和三,条线，随着时间的推移，最终演变成了现在使用的字形,读文清障,原文呈现,Not all,25,characters were,developed from drawings of,objects.Sometimes to express,ideas,26,some characters were,made by,combining,27,two or,more characters together.For,example,28,25,Not

9、 all,是部分否定句式，意为,并不是所有的,都,26,动词不定式短语,to express ideas,作,目的状语,27,combine,k,m,baIn,v,t,v,i,组合,使,联合,combine sth. and sth.(together,使某,物与另一物结合起来,combine,sth.with sth,把某物与另一物相混,28,for example,例如,读文清障,原文呈现,rest,was made up of,29,the,characters for a man and a,tree.The character,prisoner,was formed with,30,

10、a,man,inside a square.Other characters,were developed for directions and,numbers,31,It is easy to,distinguish,32,their meanings by,looking at them, for example, the,characters for,up,and,down,33,which are,opposites,34,of each other,29,be made up of,由,组成,构成,30,be formed with,由,组成,31,it,为形式主语，真正的主语是,t

11、o,distinguish,32,distinguish,dI,s,tI,wI,v,t,区分,辨别；使具有某种特征,33,which are opposites,是非限制,性定语从句,修饰,the characters,for,up,and,down,34,opposite,n,对应物；对立面,读文清障,原文呈现,Though these kinds of,characters,indicate,35,meanings,one of their,shortcomings,36,is that,they do not show how they should,be pronounced,37,T

12、herefore,38,a,method was developed to have,39,one part of a character indicate the,meaning and the other suggest the,pronunciation.Many Chinese,characters used today,40,were,made this way,35,indicate,IndIkeIt,v,t,显示,表示,象征，暗示,36,shortcoming,tk?mI,n,缺点,短处,37,pronounce,v,发音,38,therefore,ad,v,因此；所以,39,h

13、ave sb./sth.do sth,让某人,某物,做某事,get sb./sth.to do sth,让某人,某物,做某事,40,used today,作后置定语，修饰,characters,读文清障,原文呈现,In the 1950s,41,the Chinese,government introduced simplified,Chinese characters,42,and now,they have widespread use in,China,s mainland,41,in the 1950s,在,20,世纪,50,年代,42,simplified Chinese,chara

14、cters,简化汉字,第,3,5,段译文,并非所有的汉字都是由用来描绘物体而发展的。有时为了,表达想法，某些汉字由两个或多个汉字联合起来而创造的。比,如,休,是由表示,人,和,树,的汉字组合而成的,囚,字则是由人字位于框中构成的。另一些汉字则用于表示方向和,数字。通过看它们的字形，很容易区别它们的意思，比如汉字,上,和,下,其字形恰好相反,虽然这几种类型的汉字能够表意，但是它们的缺点之一是,其字形不能显示怎样发音。因此便出现了一种应对之策，即汉,字的一部分表意，另一部分表音。今天使用的许多汉字便是用,这种方式创造出来的,20,世纪,50,年代,中国政府推广简化汉字,现在它们已在中,国大陆全面普

15、及,读文清障,原文呈现,The story of Braille,Usually,when,we,talk,about,reading,we,think,of,using,our,eyes,to,see,letters,written,in,ink,on,paper.However,this,is,not,always,true.For,example,blind,people,cannot,see,but,they,can,still read books,talk about,说到；谈到,think of,想到；考虑,ink,I,k,n,墨水，油墨,however,是副词，意为,然,而,表

16、示转折关系,读文清障,原文呈现,The,man,who,introduced blind people to,reading,was,Louis,Braille,1809,1852,Braille,lost,his,eyesight,at,the,age,of,three,as,a,result,of,an,injury.When,he,was,ten,he went to a school for the,blind,in,Paris.In,those,days,books,for,blind,people,used,paper,pressed,against,metal,wire,to f

17、orm letters,who,引导定语从句，修饰,the man,introduce .to/into,把,引入，介绍,到,eyesight,aIs,aIt,n,视力,at the age of,在,岁时,as a result of,由于；因为；作为,的结果,the blind,盲人,the,adj,表示一类人，作主,语时，谓语动词用复数,press,pres,v,t,被,压，挤，推，施加压力,n,报刊；新闻界；出版社,press against,压,在,上,压住，施压于,wire,waI,r),n,金属丝；铁丝网,动词不定式短语,to form letters,作目的状语,读文清障,原文

18、呈现,Since,the,metal,wire,was,heavy,each,book,weighed,as much as,100,pounds.The,whole,system,was,not,convenient,for,use.Indeed,the,school,library,only,had,fourteen,such books in it,since,用作连词，意为,因为,引导原因状语从句,weigh,v,重达；有,重量,as much as,多达；和,一样多,convenient,k,nvi,nI,nt,adj,方便的,be convenient for sb,对某人来说,方

19、便,indeed,ad,v,事实上；的确,读文清障,原文呈现,In,1821,a,soldier,visited,the,school,and,showed,the,students,a,system,for,passing,messages at night during times,of,battle,His,system,used,paper,with,small,raised,dots,that,could,be,felt,with,the,fingers,Each,letter,of,the,alphabet was represented,by,battle,b?tl,n,v,i,

20、战斗,with small .fingers,作定语修饰,paper,that,引导定语从句，修,饰先行词,dots,represent,v,代表；表示,读文清障,原文呈现,a,different,pattern,21,which,consisted,of,22,twelve,dots,23,The,soldiers,would,drag,24,their,fingers,over,the,raised,dots,to,read,the,message,21,pattern,p?tn,n,图案,花纹,模式,方式,22,consist of,由,组成,构成,不用,于进行时态和被动语态,23,wh

21、ich,引导定语从句,修饰先行词,pattern,24,drag,dr,v,t,使劲地,拖；拉,布莱叶盲文的故事,第,1,3,段译文,通常,当我们谈到阅读时,我们会想到用眼睛去看纸上墨水,写成的字母。然而，情况并不总是这样的。比如，盲人无法看到,东西，但他们仍能阅读书籍,将盲人领入阅读世界的人是路易斯,布莱叶,1809,1852,布莱叶在,3,岁时因为受伤而失明,10,岁时，他进入巴黎的一所,盲人学校就读,那时候,盲人用书是用纸压在金属丝上来形成字,母。因为金属丝很重，所以每本书都会重达,100,磅。整个系统使,用起来不方便。事实上，学校图书馆也只有,14,本这样的书,1821,年,一位士兵参

22、观学校并向学生们展示了一种战,时夜间传递信息的方法。他的方法是使用带小凸点的纸,张，这些小凸点可以用手指感觉出来。字母表里的每一个,字母都由,12,个点组成的不同形状来表示。因此士兵们可,以用手指触摸凸点来阅读信息,读文清障,原文呈现,While the students,found the soldier,s idea,interesting,25,the system,was too difficult to,26,be of,practical,27,use.However,young Louis Braille took,the idea and worked on,28,it.At

23、the age of fifteen,25,while,引导让步状语从句，意为,虽,然，尽管,26,too .to,太,而不能,27,practical,pr?ktIkl,adj,切实可行的,实用的,of practical use,意为,实用的,一,般来说,of,抽象名词,相当于形,容词，常用作表语,28,work on,从事,读文清障,原文呈现,he created a system with patterns,of six raised dots representing,each letter,29,Braille,the,system for reading used today b

24、y,blind people around the,world,30,was,thus,31,born,29,with patterns of six raised,dots,是由,with,n,v,ing,形式,构成的,with,复合结构,作后置定语，修饰,a system,30,around the world,世界各地,31,thus,e,s,ad,v,以此方式，如此,因此，从而,读文清障,原文呈现,The blind can easily recognize,32,Braille with the fingers.They can also,easily write in Braill

25、e with a special,typewriter,33,Today, it is the most,common system used by blind people,for reading and writing,34,and,nearly every language, including,Chinese, has its own,version,35,of,Braille for its people to use,32,recognize,v,识别；认出,认识,33,typewriter,taIpraIt,r),n,打,字机,34,过去分词短语,used by,blind,作定

26、语,修饰,system,35,version,v,n,n,版本,第,4,5,段译文,虽然学生们都觉得士兵的想法非常有趣，但这个方法太过复杂,而不实用。然而年幼的路易斯,布莱叶采纳了这个想法并着手完善,它,15,岁时，他创造出了可以由,6,个凸点来表示每个字母的体系,布莱叶盲人点字法,这一当今被全世界盲人广泛使用的阅读体,系就此诞生了,盲人可以轻松地用手指辨别布莱叶盲文。他们也可以使用特殊,的打字机，方便地用布莱叶盲文书写。今天，布莱叶盲文是最为普,及的盲人阅读及书写体系，几乎每种语言，包括汉语，都有着自己,的布莱叶盲文版本供盲人使用,Step 1,Read the text and choos

27、e the best answers,1,The Chinese language uses _ which stand for ideas,objects or deeds,A,alphabets,B,letters,C,characters,D,drawings,2,The character for a mountain was at first _,A,three mountaintops together,B,two mountaintops together,C,one mountaintop,D,one mountaintop and three lines,3,_,the,Ch

28、inese,government,introduced,simplified,Chinese characters,A,Thousands of years ago,B,In 1950,C,In 1905,D,In the 1950s,4,In 1821 a soldier showed the students a system _,A,using paper with small raised dots,B,of practical use,C,only used at midnight,D,widely used by the blind soldiers,5,The first pas

29、sage is mainly talking about _,A,how the Chinese characters were invented,B,how the Chinese characters have developed,C,how,the,Chinese,characters,have,been,influenced,by,Western languages,D,how the simplified Chinese characters were introduced,答案,1,5,CADAB,Step 2,Fill in each blank with only one wo

30、rd according to the text,The development of Chinese characters,Brief,introduction,In Chinese language, we use characters,instead of an alphabet,Many words are formed by 1._,different characters,Sometimes a single character can also make,up a word,Origin,Cang Jie, who was 2._ by the tracks,of animals

31、 in the snow, invented the first Chinese,characters,He used different shapes to 3._,different objects,combining,inspired,represent,Different,4._,of forming,characters,Some characters were 5._ up of two or,more characters,Some were made for directions and,numbers,Some characters consisted of two part

32、s, one,6._ the meaning and the,other the pronunciation,Simplified,Chinese,characters,Introduced in the 1950s and coming into,widespread use now,ways/methods,made,indicating/suggesting,The story of Braille,Name,Louis Braille,The,7._,of Braille,Experi,ences,Losing his eyesight at the age of three,8._

33、to an injury,Going to school for the blind at ten,Formation,Its development was 9._ on a soldier,s idea,Being a system with patterns of six raised dots,which stand for each letter,Advantages,Being 10._ for the blind to recognize,with the fingers and write with a special typewriter,inventor,due,based

34、,easy/practical,一,这样记单词,记得准写得对,基础词汇,1,n,行为，行动,2,n,文字，文字作品,3,v,打猎，猎杀；搜寻,4,v,t,代表；展示；描绘,deed,writing,hunt,represent,5,v,t,区分，辨别；使具有某种特征,6,n,缺点，短处,7,n,视力,8,n,图案，花纹；模式，方式,9,v,t,拖，拉,10,ad,v,以此方式，如此；因此，从而,11,n,版本,distinguish,shortcoming,eyesight,pattern,drag,thus,version,拓展词汇,1,v,i,相异，有区别,difference,n,差别，

35、不同,different,adj,不同的，有差别的,differently,ad,v,不同地，有差别地,2,n,外观，外貌,appear,v,i,出现；出场,3,n,绘画，绘画艺术,draw,v,绘画，画,4,v,t,简化,simplification,n,简化,simple,adj,简单的,5,v,t,v,i,组合,使,联合,combination,n,组合,differ,appearance,drawing,simplify,combine,6,v,t,显示，表示；象征，暗示,indication,n,征兆,迹象；指示,indicator,n,指示者；指示器，显示器,7,v,t,被,压，挤

36、，推，施加压力,n,报刊；新闻界；出版,社,pressure,n,压力；挤压；压强；压迫,感,8,adj,方便的,convenience,n,方便，便利,inconvenient,adj,不方便的,9,adj,切实可行的,实用的,practically,ad,v,讲究实际,地；从实际出发地,practice,n,实际；练习；惯例；实习,practise,v,实践；实习，练习,indicate,press,convenient,practical,记得快记得多,1,ing,结尾的名词集合,heading,标题,reading,阅读；读物,ending,结局，结尾,finding,发现，调查的结果

37、,being,人，生物；存在,spelling,拼写，拼法,learning,知识，学问,saying,谚语，言论,writing,文字，文字作品,drawing,绘画，绘画艺术,2,不怕“缺点，短处”多,shortcoming,缺点，短处,disadvantage,缺点，劣势,weakness,弱点，缺点,fault,缺点，毛病,drawback,缺点，不足之处,weak point,缺点，弱点,3,含词根,press,的单词,impress,使印象深刻,express,表达，特快,depress,压下，使沮丧,repress,抑制，镇压,compress,压缩,4,语境巧记,conveni

38、ent,派生词,You can visit professor Li when it is,convenient,that is, at his,convenience,His house is,conveniently,near the bus stop,你可以在方便时拜访李教授，也就是说在他方便的时候。他家,就在车站附近，很方便,二、这样记短语,记牢固定短语,1,differ,与不同，不同于,2,a whole,作为整体，总体上,3,stand,代表，象征,4,instead,代替，而不是,5,turn,变成,6,think,想到,7,a result of,由于,8,the age of

39、,在岁时,9,work,忙于，努力改善,from,as,for,of,into,of,as,as,on,多积常用词块,1.Chinese writing,汉字,2,thousands of years ago,数千年前,3,a man named Cang Jie,一个名叫仓颉的人,4,by looking at them,通过看一下它们,5,be made this way,用这种方法造出来,6,a school for the blind,一所盲人学校,7,written in ink on paper,用墨水写在纸上的,8,be of practical use,实用,9,in the

40、1950s,二十世纪五十年代,三、这样记句式,先背熟,再悟通,后仿用,1.The Chinese language differs,from Western languages,in,that,instead of an alphabet, it,uses characters which stand,for ideas, objects or deeds,汉语与西方语言不同,区别在,于它不使用字母,而是用汉字,表示思想、物体和行为,in that,意为,因为”引,导原因状语,从句,但不能,放于句首,She was fortunate,_ she had,friends to help her

41、,她很幸运，因为有,朋友帮她,in that,先背熟,再悟通,后仿用,2,Not all,characters,were developed from,drawings of objects,并不是所有的汉字都,是由用来描绘物体而,发展的,Not,all,并,非全,都,表示部分,否定,_ birds fly,away to the south in,winter,冬天不是所有的鸟,都飞往南方,Not all,先背熟,再悟通,后仿用,3.Therefore, a method was,developed to,have one part,of a character indicate,the,m

42、eaning and the other,suggest the pronunciation,因此便出现了一种应对之,策，即汉字的一部分表意,另一部分表音,have,sth.do,sth,使,某物做,某事,If you can,t work out,this problem, you can,_,_,如果你解不出这道题,你可以让你的兄弟帮,助你,have your brother,help you,先背熟,再悟通,后仿用,be of,n,相当于,be,adj,的,用法,Basic research _,_ in,all scientific fields,在各个科学领域里，基,础研究是非常重要

43、的,4.While the students found,the soldier,s idea,interesting, the system was,too difficult to,be of,practical use,虽然学生们都觉得士兵的,想法非常有趣，但这个方法,太复杂而不实用,is of,great importance,1,教材,P38)The Chinese language,differs,from Western languages,in that, instead of an alphabet, it uses characters which,stand for,id

44、eas, objects or deeds,汉语与西方语言不同，区别在于它不使用字母，而是用汉字表示,思想、物体和行为,differ,vi,相异，有区别,1)A and B differ (from each other,A,与,B,不同,differ from sb./sth.in sth,与某人,某物在某方面不同,differ with .on,在,上与,不同,2)different,adj,不同的，有差异的,be different from .in,在,方面与,不同,3)difference,n,不同，差别,tell the difference between A and B,区别,

45、A,与,B,说出,A,与,B,的区别,make a/some/little/no difference,有,有些,几乎没有,没有影响,Things in the world,differ from,each other in a thousand,ways,世界上的事物千差万别,My brother and I are alike in appearance, but differ _,our tastes,我们兄弟俩长得很像，但爱好却不相同,We differ,your opinion on that point,在那一点上我们和你持不同意见,in,with,American,English

46、,is,significantly,differ,from,British English,美国英语与英国英语有很大差异,Jim,can,you,tell,the,differ,between,this,picture and that one,吉姆，你能说出这幅图画和那幅图画的不同吗,One false step will,make a great difference,失之毫厘，谬以千里,different,difference,stand for,代表，象征；主张，支持；忍受,写出下列各句中,stand for,的含义,Could you tell me what VOA,stands

47、for,People,usually,eat,mooncakes,which,stand,for,a,happy,reunion,I want to know what she,stands for,before I vote for her,I am not,standing for,it any longer,代表,象征,支持，主张,忍受,名师点津,与,stand,相关的其他短语,stand by,袖手旁观；支持，忠于,stand out,出色，杰出；显眼，突出,stand back,往后站，退后,stand up,起立，站立；经得起,stand aside,站到一边，置身事外,stand

48、 for,代表；支持，主张,stand up for,支持，维护,2,教材,P38)Then he had the idea that he could use different shapes,to,represent,different objects,接着他有了用不同形状代表不同物体的想法,represent,vt,代表；展示；描述；声称,1)represent .to sb,向某人描绘,represent sth./oneself as/to be,把,描绘成，自称是,represent .to do sth,代表,做某事,2)representation,n,代表；描绘；陈述,3)r

49、epresentative,adj,典型的，有代表性的,n,代表，代理人,This picture,represents,a scene at King Arthur,s court,这幅画描绘了亚瑟王法庭的一个场面,Let me represent my ideas,you in another way,让我用另一种方法向你说明我的想法,The young represented himself,a lawyer,那个年轻人声称自己是律师,名师点津,represent,用来表示,代表某人,团体,政府等,也,可以表示,把某人,某物描绘成,s,tand for,指字母,图形或,符号代表或象征某人

50、,某物,to,as/to be,3,教材,P38)However,as,a,whole,the,characters,have,developed,from drawings into standard forms,然而，总体看来，汉字已从图画发展为标准字形,as a whole,作为整体，总体上,on the whole,总的说来；大体上；基本上,the whole of,全部的,全体的,所有的,We must consider these matters,as a whole,我们必须从整体上考虑这些事情,I analysed his words,我是把他的言论作为一个整体来分析的,My

51、opinion is,the same as yours,我的意见大体上同你的差不多,名师点津,as,a,whole,作为一个整体；整体来说，总体上,侧,重于表示所有部分都已考虑,on,the,whole,与,generally,同义，表示,大体上，总的来说,多用来表示并非百分之百的意思,as a whole,on the whole,4,教材,P38)Sometimes,to,express,ideas,some,characters,were,made by,combining,two or more characters together,有时为了表达想法，某些汉字由两个或更多的汉字联合

52、起来而,创造的,combine,vt,vi,组合,使,联合；使结合；兼备,1)combine A and,with B,把,A,和,B,结合,联合；兼有,combine to do sth,联,结,合起来做某事,combine against,为反抗,而联合,2)combination,n,U,联合；结合,C,混合体，结合体,in combination with,与,联合,结合,3)combined,adj,联合的，结合的,The teacher asked us to,combine,the two short sentences to make,a new sentence,老师让我们把

53、这两个短句合成一个新的句子,We consider it necessary,combine) work with rest,我们认为劳逸结合是必要的,Efforts and confidence combine,make) a full man,努力与信心结合造就完人,He carried on the business,in combination with,his friends,他与朋友们合伙做生意,名师点津,combine,不与,together,连用,to combine,to make,5,教材,P38)It is easy to,distinguish,their meanin

54、gs by looking at,them, for example, the characters for,up,and,down,which are opposites of each other,通过看它们的字形，很容易区别它们的意思，比如汉字“上,和“下”，其字形恰好相反,distinguish,vt,区分，辨别；使具有某种特征,1)distinguish between .and,区别,辨别,和,distinguish .from,使,有别于,使,具,有区别于,的特征,distinguish oneself,使出众；使著名,2)be distinguished from,与,不同，有

55、别于,be distinguished by,以,为特征,3)distinguished,adj,著名的，杰出的，高贵的,be distinguished for/as,因,作为,而著称,I,could,not,distinguish,her,words,but,she,sounded,very,excited,我听不清她说的话，但听得出她非常激动,At,what,age,are,children,able,to,distinguish,right,and wrong,儿童到什么年龄才能明辨是非呢,The,twins,are,so,alike,that,it,is,difficult,to,d

56、istinguish,one,_ the other,这对孪生儿长得很像，很难分辨出谁是谁,between,from,He,distinguished himself,by his performance in the examination,他在考试中成绩优异，因而显得突出,The male bird is distinguished,the female by its red beak,雄鸟有别于雌鸟，其喙呈红色,Hangzhou is distinguished,its beautiful scenery,杭州因其风景秀丽而著称,from,for,6,教材,P38)Though thes

57、e kinds of characters,indicate,meanings,one,of,their,shortcomings,is,that,they,do,not,show,how,they,should be pronounced,虽然这几种类型的汉字能够表意,但是它们的缺点之一是其字,形不能显示怎样发音,indicate,vt,显示，表示；象征，暗示,1)indicate sth.to sb,向某人指出某物,indicate that,表明,标示,indicate wh,to do,表明,指出,标示,2)indication,n,显示；表明；迹象,indicative,adj,指示

58、的；暗示的,A signpost,indicated,the right road for us to follow,一个路标给我们指出应走的正确的路,She took out a map and,indicated,the quickest route,to,us,她拿出一张地图，给我们指出最快捷的路线,The,research,indicate,that,it,may,raise,the,speed of drawing and simplify the process,研究表明，此法可以提高成图速度，简化过程,indicate) are that the situation hasn,t

59、 improved,much,迹象表明，情况并未有大的改观,indicates,Indications,7,教材,P39)In,those,days,books,for,blind,people,used,paper,pressed,against metal wire to form letters,在那时，盲人用书是用纸压在金属丝上来形成字母,press,vt,被,压，挤，推，施加压力；敦促；逼迫,n,报刊,新闻界；出版社,1,press sb.to do sth,press o,doing,sth,敦促,催促,强迫某人做某事,press one,s way through,从,中挤过去,press sth.on sb,把,强加于某人,2)at press/in the press,在印刷中，即将出版,3)pressed,adj,加压的，紧张的,pressing,adj,紧迫的，迫切的,4)pressure,n,压力，压迫,Th