英语词性变换归纳及练习

1、一、名词变为形容词的方法1. 在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)。例如：rainrainy, cloudcloudy, windwindy, snowsnowy, healthhealthy, lucklucky等。注意：1)如果名词以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母，这时应双写词尾的辅音字母再加-y。如：sunsunny, funfunny等。2)少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时，应去掉e再加-y。例如：noisenoisy, iceicy 等。2. 一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful可以变为形容词。例如：carecareful, thankthankful,

2、 helphelpful, useuseful, beautybeautiful等。3. 一些表示国家的名词可以在词尾加-ese, -ish或-n构成表示国籍、语言的形容词。例如：ChinaChinese, JapanJapanese, EnglandEnglish, AmericaAmerican, IndiaIndian, Australia Australian(注意CanadaCanadian)。4.在名词后加-ous变为形容词。例如：dangerdangerous等。5. 在名词后加-ly变为形容词。例如：friendfriendly, lovelovely等。6.在名词后加-les

3、s构成含有否定意义的形容词。例如：carecareless(粗心的)，useuseless(无用的)，hopehopeless(没希望的)，homehomeless(无家可归的)等。7. 一些以-ence结尾的名词，把ence改为ent变成形容词。例如：differencedifferent, silencesilent等。二、动词变为名词的方法1.词形不变，词性改变。例如：work, study, water, plant等可以用作动词，也可以用作名词。2. 一些动词在词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示“某一类人”的名词。例如：workworker, teachteacher, sing

4、singer, jumpjumper, playplayer, learnlearner, visitvisitor, inventinventor等。注意：1)以不发音的e结尾的动词，在词尾加-r。例如：drivedriver, writewriter等。2)以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-er。例如：runrunner, winwinner， beginbeginner等。3. 在动词词尾加-ing变成名词(方法与动词变为现在分词的方法相同)。例如： meetmeeting, buildbuilding, waitwaiting, washwas

5、hing, swimswimming, shopshopping, beginbeginning等。三、形容词变为副词的方法一般在形容词的词尾加-ly可以变成副词。例如：quickquickly, slowslowly, loudloudly, suddensuddenly 等。但是，以下几点值得注意：1. 一些以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词，要把y改为i再加-ly。例如：happyhappily, angryangrily, luckyluckily, heavyheavily, noisynoisily 等。2. 有些以-ble或-le结尾的形容词，去掉e加-y。例如：possiblepo

6、ssibly, terribleterribly等。3. 少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。例如：truetruly等。但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly。例如：politepolitely, widewidely等。4. 以-l结尾的形容词变为副词时仍然要在词尾加-ly，而不是只加-y。除非是以-ll结尾的才在词尾只加-y。例如：usualusually, carefulcarefully, usefulusefully, fullfully等。1. Would you mind making a little less _? They are having a meetin

7、g at the moment. (noisy)2. The Smiths live on the _ floor of the highrise. (nine)3. All the great _ are respected（尊敬）by the world. (invent)4. My pet is a _ cat. She is very lovely. (male) 5. Ill do my homework more _ next time. (care)6. When you study a foreign language, its important to make a good

8、 _. (begin)7. Everyone knows such kind of books is _ to children. They shouldnt be sold at any bookstore. (harm)8. In the past punishment（惩罚）was decided by the university. The student had no _ but to accept it. (choose)9. Our teacher told us the _ story I had ever heard at yesterdays class meeting.

9、(sad)10. The _ Lesson is very difficult but very important. You must learn it by heart.(twelve)11. They looked very _ in the idea. (interest)12. After they got on the bus, they found two _. (sit)13. Help _ to the fish, everyone. (you)14. What we have had is just part of the truth. We should try to g

10、et _ information about it. (far)15. A _ sight stopped them from going forward. (frighten)16. He seemed very _. He got a D in the English test. (happy)17. Before you start this work, you should try to realize its _. (important)18. March 8 is _ Day. (woman)19. This book belongs to you. Where is _? (me

11、)20. The visitors are _ students. (main)21. Do you know about the _ of the book? (write)22. Can you show me your _ of coins? (collect)23. To my _, I got full marks for maths last week. (surprised)24. In this new housing estate there stand a lot of high and magnificent _. (build)25. In winter, most o

12、f the rivers and lakes are _. It becomes a world of ice. (freeze)26. Then he slowly walked _ the house. (pass)27. Do you know who is the _ of the English contest? (win)28. Peter is very _. Im sure he will come to take care of your baby when hes asked to. (help)29. The Yangtze River is the _ longest

13、river in the world. (three)30. _ to meet all of you here. (please)31. Now more and more gardens are being built in our _. (neighbour)32. Its very important for us to learn English _. (good)33. Both our teacher and my mother are satisfied with my _. (honest)34. Oliver Twist ate the cake _. (hungry)35

14、. Of all the boys, Li Ming studies _. (hard)36. We are all pleased to hear that the _ went on very well. ( operate)37. The children in this kindergarten have been trained to take care of _ though they are only six years old. (they)38. Could you tell me who will give us a _ on childrens education? (s

15、peak)39. These modern machines work . (automatic)40. This cartoon film is _ than the one I saw last Saturday. (fun)41. Will you please tell me how much the _ is? (post)42. The twin sisters used to be _ in Hollywood. (act)43. Actions speak more _ than words. (loud)44. I am _ about my schoolwork becau

16、se I havent worked hard this term. (worry)45. Your pet dog is so _ that all of us like to play with it. (love)46. It has been snowing _ for a whole day. (heavy)47. We have been told the _ of the case. (true)48. Have you made your _ yet? (decide)49. People from Italy are called _. (Italy)50. I _ wher

17、e he comes from. (wonderful)51. The weather in April is _, so youd better take more clothes with you. (change)52. Ferries come and go on the river as _ as boats. (quick)53. Listen, everybody, we will meet at the _ of the cinema at 4 pm. (enter)54. You cannot eat so much fast food, because it is _. (

18、health)55. It is reported that three _ have been put into prison. (Canada)56. Time flies _ and never returns. (swift)57. We saw her running _ the street just now. (cross)58. Do English people shake hands as often as _? (Germany)59. We all know that theres no _ thing on the moon. (live)60. In order t

19、o make the trip _ for his children, Mr. Green kept the name of the destination (目的地) a secret. (excite)61. A _ team from China will arrive in America next week. (medicine)62. This morning I lost my handbag and this afternoon I fell off my bike and broke my leg. I think it is an _ day. (luck)63. Many

20、 students are not able to pay their college _. (expensive)64. British people eat a large number of . (potato)65. She seems an _ girl. (honesty)66. We tried all sorts of _, but they were all useless. (medical)67. The digital (数码) camera is one of the _ of the modern science. (wonderfully)68. I wouldn

21、t do business with such a _ man. (fool)69. Carl looks much _ than before. (health)70. I was _ to meet Jane in a foreign country. (surprise)71. The mother was _ to the brave man who had saved her son. (thank)72. I happened to meet a group of _ on my way home yesterday. (France)73. The little boy can

22、run a marathon in _ than three hours. (little)74. I was told that my class teachers daughter would leave _ school this July. (second)75. Its a _ to have a picnic with all the family members. (please)76. The lost calculator has been returned to its _. (own)77. Be sure to let me know whenever you are

23、in _. ( dangerous)78. The completion (完成) of the big bridge made every one of us _ and happy. (exciting)79. The _ is not so good as we expected. (perform)80. What a _ day it is today! Shall we go to have a picnic in the countryside? (sun)81. The tall _ is one of my fathers best friends. (art)82. Hav

24、e you decided to take the headmasters _? (advise)83. Even _, he lost his job. (bad)84. Please answer the _ questions. (follow)85. Many people became after the fire. (home)86. The of the restaurant is quite good. (serve)87. _ speaking, the computer has become an important part of our life. (general)8

25、8. I thought the _ was quite dull at yesterdays party. (recite)89. The _ of the river is still a secret. (long)90. No one knew why the baby kept . (cry)91. Life today is becoming harder and busier, so everyone should have his own way of _. (relax)92. In _ to hard work, we need some good ways to succ

26、eed. (add)93. I am fond of _ fiction. (scientist)94. Its _ of you to make such a decision. (wisdom)95. Quite a few _ houses have been built for the tourists around the lake. (wood)96. The passenger plane landed at last after flying in the storm for about one hour. (safe)97. My family have been to Be

27、ijing _ to climb the Great Wall. (two)98. One shouldnt give up easily if he is determined to _. (success) 99. Lauras husband works as a _ in a bank. (message)100. The harder you work; the _ progress youll make. (great)Keys：1.noise 2.ninth 3.inventors 4.female 5.carefully 6.beginning 7.harmful 8.choice 9.saddest 10.twelfth 11. interested 12.seats 13. yourself 14.further 15.frightening 16.unhappy 17.importance 18.Womens 19.mine 20.mainly 21.writer 22.collect