《翻译通论练习篇》PPT课件.ppt

1、英译中,中英译,练习篇,文学篇,非文学篇,寓言,幽默、童话,诗歌,散文,小说,寓言,1. The Ass and the Grasshopper Ass having heard some Grasshoppers chirping, was highly enchanted; and, desiring to possess the same charms of melody, demanded what sort of food they lived on, to give them such beautiful voices. They replied, “The dew.” The A

2、ss resolved that he would only live upon dew, and in a short time died of hunger.,译文,1. 驴和蚱蜢 一只驴听到几只蚱蜢在叫，便觉得很有趣；于是也想得到同样有趣的音调，便问蚱蜢吃什么东西过活，以致于能有这样优美的声音。蚱蜢说：“露水。”驴子听了，从此以后也单吃露水过活，不久便饿死了。,寓言,译文,2. The Goose with the Golden Eggs One morning a countryman went to his gooses nest, and saw a yellow and glit

3、tering egg there. He took the egg home. To his delight, he found that it was an egg of pure gold. Every morning the same thing occurred, and he soon became rich by selling his eggs. The countryman became more and more greedy. He wanted to get all the gold at once, so he killed the goose, when he loo

4、ked inside, he found nothing in its body.,2. 生金蛋的鹅 一天早晨，一位农夫发现自家的鹅窝中有一只金灿灿的蛋。他将蛋带回家，惊喜地发现这是一个金蛋。此后，农夫每天都能得到一个金蛋。从此，他靠卖他的金蛋变得富有起来。农夫变得越来越贪婪，他想一下子得到鹅肚子中所有的金蛋。于是他杀死了鹅，但是，鹅肚子中什么也没有。,寓言,译文,3. Belling the Cat Long ago, there was a big cat in the house. He caught many mice while they were stealing food. On

5、e day the mice had a meeting to talk about the way to deal with their common enemy. Some said this, and some said that. At last a young mouse got up, and said that he had a good idea. “We could tie a bell around the neck of the cat. Then when he comes near, we can hear the sound of the bell, and run

6、 away.” Everyone approved of this proposal, but an old wise mouse got up and said, “That is all very well, but who will tie the bell to the cat?” The mice looked at each other, but nobody spoke.,3. 给猫挂铃 从前，一所房子里面有一只大猫，他抓住了很多偷东西的老鼠。 一天，老鼠在一起开会商量如何对付他们共同的敌人。会上大家各有各的主张，最后，一只小老鼠站出来说他有一个好主意。“我们可以在猫的脖子上绑一

7、个铃铛，那么如果他来到附近，我们听到铃声就可以马上逃跑。” 大家都赞同这个建议，这时一只聪明的老耗子站出来说：“这的确是个绝妙的主意，但是谁来给猫的脖子上绑铃铛呢？”老鼠们面面相觑，谁也没有说话。,寓言,译文,4. The Two Pots There were two pots on the bank of a river. One was made of brass, and the other was made of clay. When the water rose, they both floated off down the river. The earthen pot tried

8、 to stay away from the brass one. So the brass pot cried out, “Fear nothing, friend, I will not hit you.” “But I may come in contact with you,” said the earthen pot. “If I come too close, whether I hit you or you hit me, I shall suffer for it.” After that the earthen pot floated away.,4. 两口锅 河中漂流着一个

9、瓦锅和一个铜锅。 每当潮涨潮落时，瓦锅就尽量地远离铜锅。铜锅大叫：“别害怕，朋友，我不会撞你的。” “但是我有可能会和你接触，”瓦锅对铜锅说，“如果我离你太近，无论是你碰到我，或者是我自己不小心碰到你，我都会碎的。” 然后，瓦锅就漂走了。,寓言,译文,5. The Young Thief and His Mother A young man was caught stealing, and sentenced to death three days later. He wanted to speak with his mother before the execution. Of course

10、 this was granted. When his mother came to him, he said, “I want to tell you something.” He said something but she could not hear. He whispered again, and when she came close to him, she put her ear to his mouth. He nearly bit off her ear. All the bystanders were horrified. “It is to punish her,” he

11、 said. “When I was young I began stealing little things, and brought them home to mother. Instead of punishing me, she laughed and said, It will not be noticed. It is because of her that I am here today.”,5. 小偷和他的母亲 一个小偷被抓住了，被判处死刑，三天后执行。 他想在行刑前与他的母亲话别，得到了允许。 当他妈妈来到他的面前，他说：“告诉你一件事。”他轻轻说了一遍，但是她听不到；等她走

12、近些，小偷又轻声说了一遍。母亲将耳朵贴近时，儿子突然咬住母亲的耳朵，差点撕下来，周围的人都惊呆了。 “这是对她的惩罚，”小偷说，“我小时候小偷小摸，把偷的东西带回家时，她不但不惩罚我，反而笑着说别让人看见。就是因为她我才落个今天这样的下场。”,幽默、童话,1. My First and My Last When George was thirty-five, he bought a small plane and learned to fly it. He soon became very good and made his plane do all kinds of tricks. Geor

13、ge had a friend. His name was Mark. One day George offered to take Mark up in his plane. Mark thought, “Ive travelled in a big plane several times, but Ive never been in a small one, so Ill go.” They went up, and George flew around for half an hour and did all kinds of tricks in the air. When they c

14、ame down again, Mark was very glad to be back safely, and he said to his friend in a shaking voice, “Well, George, thank you very much for those two trips in your plane.” George was very surprised and said, “Two trips?” “Yes, my first and my last,” answered Mark.,译文,幽默、童话,1. 第一次与最后一次 乔治35岁时买了架小型飞机，并

15、开始学习驾驶。不久，他就能很娴熟地驾机做各种各样的特技飞行了。 乔治有个朋友名叫马克。一天，乔治主动邀请马克乘他的飞机上天兜一圈。马克心想，“我乘大客机飞行过好几次，还从来没有乘过小飞机，我不妨试一试。” 升空后，乔治飞了有半个小时，在空中做了各种各样的飞行特技。 后来他们着陆了。马克很高兴能够安全返回地面。他用颤抖的声音对他的朋友说：“乔治，非常感谢你让我乘小飞机做了两次飞行。” 乔治非常吃惊地问：“两次飞行？” “是的，我的第一次和最后一次。”马克答道。,幽默、童话,2. Ill See to the Rest A guard was about to signal his train t

16、o start when he saw an attractive girl standing on the platform by an open door, talking to another pretty girl inside the carriage. “Come on, miss!” he shouted. “Shut the door, please!” “Oh, I just want to kiss my sister goodbye,” she called back. “You just shut that door, please,” called the guard

17、, “and Ill see to the rest.”,译文,2. 其余的事由我负责 一位车上的列车员刚发出信号让火车启动，这时他看见一位很漂亮的姑娘站在站台上一节打开的车厢门旁边，跟车厢里另一位漂亮姑娘在说话。 “快点，小姐!”他喊道：“请把门关上。” “噢，我还没有和妹妹吻别呢。”她回答道。 “请把门关上好了，”列车员说：“其余的事由我负责。”,幽默、童话,3. Sleeping Pills Bob was having trouble getting to sleep at night. He went to see his doctor, who prescribed some ex

18、tra-strong sleeping pills. Sunday night Bob took the pills, slept well and was awake before he heard the alarm. He took his time getting to the office, strolled in and said to his boss: “I didnt have a bit of trouble getting up this morning.” “Thats fine,” roared the boss, “but where were you Monday

19、 and Tuesday?”,译文,3. 安眠药 鲍勃晚上失眠。他去看医生，医生给他开了一些强力安眠药。 星期天晚上鲍勃吃了药，睡得很好，在闹钟响之前就醒了过来。他到了办公室，遛达进去，对老板说：“我今天早上起床一点麻烦都没有。” “好啊!”老板吼道，“那你星期一和星期二到哪儿去了？”,幽默、童话,4. Three Surgeons Three famous surgeons were bragging about their skills. “A man came to me who had his hand cut off,” said one. “Today that man is a

20、concert violinist.” “Thats nothing,” said another. “A guy came to me who had his legs cut off. I stitched them back on, and today that man is a marathon runner.” “I can top both of you,” said the third. “One day I came on the scene of a terrible accident. There was nothing left but a horses posterio

21、r and a pair of glasses. Today that man is seated in United States Senate.”,译文,4. 三个外科医生 三个有名的外科医生正在吹嘘他们的技术。“一个人断了一只手，他来找我，”一个说，“如今那个人是个音乐会的小提琴手。” “这算不了什么，”另一个说。“一个家伙两条腿断了，他来找我，我将它们接了回去。如今，那人是马拉松选手。” “我比你们两个都强，”第三个说，“一天，我碰到一起可怕的车祸。除了一个马屁股，和一幅眼镜，什么都没有留下。如今，那人坐在美国参议院里。”,幽默、童话,5. Guilty of Not George h

22、ad stolen some money, but the police had caught him and he had been put in prison. Now his trial was about to begin, and he felt sure that he would be found guilty and sent to prison for a long time. Then he discovered that an old friend of his was one of the members of the jury at this trial. Of co

23、urse, he didnt tell anybody, but he managed to see his friend secretly one day. He said to him, “Jim, I know that the jury will find me guilty of having stolen the money. I cannot hope to be found not guilty of taking it - that would be too much to expect. But I should be grateful to you for the res

24、t of my life if you could persuade the other members of the jury to add a strong recommendation for mercy to their statement that they consider me guilty.” “Well, George,” answered Jim, “ I shall certainly try to do what I can for you as an old friend, but of course I cannot promise anything. The ot

25、her eleven people on the jury look terribly strong-minded to me.” George said that he would quite understand if Jim was not able to do anything for him, and thanked him warmly for agreeing to help.,幽默、童话,The trial went on, and at last the time came for the jury to decide whether George was guilty or

26、 not. It took them five hours, but in the end they found George guilty, with a strong recommendation for mercy. Of course, George was very pleased, but he didnt have a chance to see Jim for some time after the trial. At last, however, Jim visited him in prison, and George thanked him warmly and aske

27、d him how he had managed to persuade the other members of the jury to recommend mercy. “Well, George,” Jim answered, “as I thought, those eleven men were very difficult to persuade, but I managed it in the end by tiring them out. Do you know, those fools had all wanted to find you not guilty!”,译文,幽默

28、、童话,5. 有罪？无罪？ 乔治偷了一些钱，而警察抓住了他，并把他关进了监狱。现在他的案子即将开庭审判，他知道他肯定会被判有罪，而且要在监狱里关很长时间。 后来，他发现他的一个老朋友是他这个案子陪审团中的一员。他没有告诉任何人，但是有一天他设法秘密地见到他的朋友。他对他说，“吉姆，我知道陪审团将判决我偷钱有罪。我不能希望被判无罪，这样就指望过头了。但如果您能说服陪审团的其他成员，在他们判定我有罪的同时，极力建议从轻量刑，我这后半辈子都会感激您的”。 “好吧，乔治”，吉姆回答道，“作为一个老朋友，我一定尽我所能，当然，我不可能许诺什么。陪审团其他十一个人在我看来都十分有主见”。 乔治说如果吉姆没

29、有能做成什么事情，他也会相当理解，并且热诚地感谢他答应帮忙。 审判开始了，最后陪审团决定乔治是否有罪的时候到了。他们花了五个小时，但最后他们判定乔治有罪，同时他们极力建议从轻量刑。 当然，乔治非常高兴，但在审判以后有一段时间内，他没有机会见到吉姆。然而，后来吉姆到监狱探望了他。乔治真诚地感谢了他，并且问他怎么设法说服陪审团的其他成员建议宽恕的。 “啊，乔治”，吉姆答道，“在我看来，那十一个人是非常难说服的，但我通过死缠烂磨，最后终于做到了。你知道吗，那些傻瓜都想判你无罪!”,诗歌,1. A Grain of Sand By William Blake To see a world in a g

30、rain of sand, And a heaven in a wild flower, Hold infinity in the palm of your hand, And eternity in an hour.,译文,1. 一粒沙子 威廉.布莱克 从一粒沙子看到一个世界， 从一朵野花看到一个天堂， 把握在你手心里的就是无限， 永恒也就消融于一个时辰。,诗歌,译文,2. The Rainy Day By Henry Wadsworth Longfellow The day is cold, and dark, and dreary; It rains, and the wind is n

31、ever weary; The vine still clings to the moldering wall, But at every gust the dead leaves fall, And the day is dark and dreary. My life is cold and dark and dreary; It rains and the wind is never weary; My thought still clings to the moldering past, But the hopes of youth fall thick in the blast, A

32、nd the days are dark and dreary. Be still, sad heart! And cease repining; Behind the clouds is the sun still shining; Thy fate is the common fate of all, Into each life some rain must fall, Some days must be dark and dreary.,诗歌,2. 雨天 亨利.沃兹渥斯.朗费罗 天冷、阴暗、沉闷； 下着雨，风也刮个不停； 藤还攀附着颓垣残壁， 每来一阵狂风，枯叶附落纷纷， 天真是阴暗而

33、沉闷。 我的生活寒冷、阴郁、沉闷； 下着雨，风也刮个不停； 我的思想还纠缠着消逝的往事， 大风里，我的青春希望相继熄灭， 天真是阴暗而沉闷。 安静吧，忧伤的心！别再悔恨； 乌云后面太阳依然辉煌灿烂； 你命运和大家的一样， 每个人一生都得逢上阴雨， 有些日子必然阴暗而沉闷。,诗歌,译文,3. The Flight of youth By Richard Henry Stoddard There are gains for all our losses. There are balms for all our pain; But when youth, the dream, departs It

34、takes something from our hearts, And it never comes again. We are stronger, and are better, Under manhoods sterner reign; Still we feel that something sweet Following youth, with flying feet, And will never come again. Something beautiful is vanished, And we sigh for it in vain; We behold it everywh

35、ere, On the earth, and in the air, But it never comes again!,诗歌,3. 青春的飞逝 理查德.亨利.斯托达德 我们失去的一切都能得到补偿， 我们所有的痛苦都能得到安慰； 可是梦境似的青春一旦消逝， 它带走了我们心中的某种美好， 从此一去不复返。 我们变得日益刚强、更臻完美， 在严峻的成年生活驱使下； 可是依然感到甜美的情感， 已随着青春飞逝， 不再返回。 美好已经消逝， 我们枉自为此叹息； 尽管在天地之间， 我们处处能见青春的魅力， 可是它不再返回！,散文,1. I went a little further up the hill:

36、 a flock of about fifty sheep were crossing from a field on one side of the road to another directly opposite. They were packed close together, and their backs were an undulating continuous surface. The shepherd was pursuing a stray sheep, and they stood still for a minute in the middle of the road.

37、 A farmer came up in his gig and was held back. He used impatient language. Oh farmer! Which is of more importance to the heavenly power-that you should not be stopped, or that the sheep should loiter and go into that field at their own pace? All sheep, by the way, look sad. Perhaps they are dimly a

38、ware of their destiny. (from William Whites “An Afternoon Walk in October”),译文,1. 我继续朝山上走了一段路：只见一群绵羊，大约五十多头，正从路边一块田野穿过大路，走向正对面的另一块田野。它们紧紧地挤在一起，背部构成一片绵延起伏的平面。牧羊人去追赶一头离群的羊，羊群一时停在了大路中间。一个农夫这时架着一辆双轮马车走过来，被挡住了去路。他不耐烦地使用了粗暴的语言。啊，农夫！对于万能的上帝，哪件事情更加重要呢你不应该被挡住去路，还是羊群应该以它们自己的速度慢悠悠地走向对面那块田野？顺便说一句，羊群里的每一头羊，都是满脸的

39、悲哀神色。也许，它们已经隐隐约约知道自己的命运。 （摘自威廉. 怀特的 “十月的下午散步”）,散文,2. One has the leisure of July for perceiving all the differences of the green of leaves. It is no longer a difference in degrees of maturity, for all the trees have darkened to their final tone, and stand in their differences of character and not of

40、 mere date. Almost all the green is grave, not sad and not dull. It has a darkened and daily color, in majestic but not obvious harmony with dark grey skies, and might look, to inconstant eyes, as prosaic after spring as eleven oclock looks after the dawn. (from Alice Meynells “July”),译文,2. 七月里人们有闲暇

41、去观察绿叶的千差万别。这不再是成熟程度上的差异，因为所有的树木，或转苍翠，或呈墨绿，色调皆已固着定格，从而展现出来的，并非时节上的不同，而是各自品格上的差异。几乎各种绿色，品味凝重，既不流于悒郁，也不失之沉闷。他具有一种深沉，日常的色泽，与灰暗的苍穹浑然一体，构成庄重却非一眼可见的和谐，故而在浏览扫掠的目光看来，可能会有阳春繁景过后的平淡之感，一如黎明之后十一时的光景。 （摘自艾丽丝. 梅内尔的 “七月”）,散文,3. Good manners is the art of making those people easy with whom we converse. Whoever makes

42、 the fewest persons uneasy is the best bred in the company. As the best law is founded upon reason, so are the best manners. And as some lawyers have introduced unreasonable things into common law, so likewise many teachers have introduced absurd things into common good manners. One principal point

43、of this art is to suit our behavior to the three several degrees of men: our superiors, our equals, and those below us. (from Jonathan Swifts “A treatise on Good Manners and Good Breeding”),译文,3. 礼貌即社交行为是使与我们交谈的人安之若素的一种艺术。 在一群人中，谁不使人感到局促不安，谁就越有教养。 最公正的法律是建立在理智上的，同样，最好的举止行为也是建立在理智上的。有的律师将无理的东西引进了普通法，

44、同样，许多教师也将怪诞的东西引进了日常的良好礼貌。 礼貌的一大要素是，以适当的举止行为对待三种不同层次的人，即高于我们 层次的，与我们同一层次的和低于我们层次的人。 （摘自乔纳斯. 斯威夫特的“论礼貌和教养”）,散文,4. Most people complain of fortune, few of nature; and the kinder they think the latter has been to them, the more they murmur at what they call the injustice of the former. The truth is, tha

45、t nature, seldom profuse, and seldom niggardly, has distributed her gifts more equally than she is generally supposed to have done. Education and situation make the great difference. (from Lord Chesterfields “Upon Affectation”),译文,4. 很多人抱怨命运，却很少有人抱怨自然；人们越是认为自然对他们热爱有加，便越是嘀咕命运对他们的所谓不公。 事实是，自然总是将天赋公平地分

46、配给人们，比人们通常人为的还要不偏不倚，很少过分地慷慨，也很少吝啬。人与人之间的巨大差异是由于教育和环境使然。 （摘自切斯特菲尔德的“论矫情”）,散文,5. I was yesterday invited by a gentleman to dinner, who promised that our entertainment should consist of a haunch of venison, a turtle, and a great man. I came, according to appointment. The venison was fine, the turtle go

47、od, but the great man insupportable. The moment I ventured to speak, I was at once contradicted with a snap. I attempted, by a second and third assault, to retrieve my lost reputation, but was still beat back with confusion. I was resolved to attack him once more from entrenchment, and turned the co

48、nversation upon the government of China: but even here he asserted, snapped, and contradicted as before. Heavens, thought I, this man pretends to know China even than myself! I looked round to see who was on my side, but every eye was fixed in admiration on the great man; I therefore, at last though

49、t proper to sit silent, and act the pretty gentleman during the ensuing conversation. (from Oliver Goldsmiths “A Little Great Man”),译文,散文,5. 昨天一位先生邀请我去赴宴。此公许诺，晚宴精彩部分包括鹿腿，海龟肉和一个大人物。我应邀赴会。鹿肉鲜美，海龟可口，但大人物却不敢恭维。我一张口说话，便马上招来厉声驳斥。我又作了一两次尝试，想挽回一点面子，但又被狼狈击退。我决心再一次从堑壕跃起向他进攻，将话题转到中国政体这个我的权威领域。但即使在这方面，他照样大言不惭，厉

50、声驳斥。天哪，我心想，此人竟然装得比我更了解中国！我四周打量着，看看有谁站在我这一边，但每一双眼睛都充满敬慕地注视着这位大人物。于是我最后决定静静坐着为好，在接下来的谈话中扮演一个知趣的绅士角色。 （摘自奥利弗. 哥尔德斯密斯的 “小小大人物”）,小说,1. The Little Prince (Le Petit Prince) By Antoine de Saint-Exupry And now six years have already gone by. I have never yet told this story. The companions who met me on my r

51、eturn were well content to see me alive. I was sad, but I told them: “I am tired.” Now my sorrow is comforted a little. That is to say- not entirely. But I know that he did go back to his planet, because I did not find his body at daybreak. It was not such a heavy body. and at night I love to listen

52、 to the stars. It is like five hundred million little bells. But there is one extraordinary thing. when I drew the muzzle for the little prince, I forgot to add the leather strap to it. He will never have been able to fasten it on his sheep. So now I keep wondering: what is happening on his planet?

53、Perhaps the sheep has eaten the flower. At one time I say to myself: “Surely not! The little prince shuts his flower under her glass globe every night, and he watches over his sheep very carefully.” Then I am happy. And there is sweetness in the laughter of all the stars.,小说,But at another time I sa

54、y to myself: “At some moment or other one is absent-minded, and that is enough! On some one evening he forgot the glass globe, or the sheep got out, without making any noise, in the night.” And then the little bells are changed to tears. Here, then, is a great mystery. For you who also love the litt

55、le prince, and for me, nothing in the universe can be the same if somewhere, we do not know where, a sheep that we never saw has- yes or no?- eaten a rose. Look up at the sky. Ask yourselves: is it yes or no? Has the sheep eaten the flower? And you will see how everything changes. And no grown-up wi

56、ll ever understand that this is a matter of so much importance! This is, to me, the loveliest and saddest landscape in the world. It is the same as that on the preceding page, but I have drawn it again to impress it on your memory. It is here that the little prince appeared on Earth, and disappeared

57、.,译文,小说,1. 小王子 安东尼德圣埃克苏佩里 到现在，一点不错，已经有六年了我还从未讲过这个故事。同伴们重新见到了我，都为能看见我活着回来而高兴。我却很悲伤。我告诉他们：“这是因为疲劳的缘故” 现在，我稍微得到了些安慰。就是说-还没有完全平静下来。可我知道他已经回到了他的星球上。因为那天黎明，我没有再见到他的身躯。他的身躯并不那么重从此，我就喜欢在夜间倾听着星星，好象是倾听着五亿个铃铛 可是，现在却又发生了不寻常的事。我给小王子画的羊嘴套上，忘了画皮带！他再也不可能把它套在羊嘴上。于是，我思忖着：“他的星球上发生了什么事呢？大概小羊把花吃掉了吧” 有时我又对自己说，“绝对不会的！小王子每

58、天夜里都用玻璃罩子罩住他的花，而且他会把羊看管好的”想到这里，我就非常高兴。这时，所有的星星都在柔情地轻声笑着。,小说,忽而我又对自己说：“人们有时总免不了会疏忽的，那就够戗！某一天晚上他忘了玻璃罩子，或者小羊夜里不声不响地跑出来”想到这里，小铃铛都变成泪珠了！ 这真是一个很大的奥秘。对你们这些喜欢小王子的人来说，就象对于我来说一样，无论什么地方，凡是某处，如果一只羊（尽管我们并不认识它），吃了一朵玫瑰花，或是没有吃掉一朵玫瑰花，那么宇宙的面貌就全然不同。 你们望着天空。你们想一想：羊究竟是吃了还是没有吃掉花？那么你们就会看到一切都变了样 任何一个大人将永远不会明白这个问题竟如此重要！ 对我来

59、说，这是世界上最美也是最凄凉的地方。它与前一页画的是同一个地方。我再一次将它画出来，为的是好让你们看清楚。正是在这里，小王子出现在地球上，而又消失了。,小说,2. Tragic Pastoral By Alexander Pope I have a mind to fill the rest of this paper with an accident that happened just under my eyes, and has made a great impression upon me. I have just passed part of this summer at an old romantic seat of my Lord Harcourts, which he has lent me. It overlooks a common field, where, under the shadow of a haycock, sat two love