完整word版上海版沪版牛津各单元知识点梳理及练习8Bunit1

1、牛津版本 8B Unit 1 Words. .1. fighter 斗士；战士 e.g. She wont give up easily; shes a real fighter. 她不会轻易放弃的，她是一个真正的斗土。 Doctors and nurses are disease fighters. They always fight against all kinds of diseases. 医生和护土是与疾病斗争的战土。他们总是和各种疾病作斗争。 When the police came, the fighters ran away. 警察到来时，斗殴的人溜走了。 【知识拓展】 fig

2、ht n. 打架，战斗，斗志 e. g. The two boys had a fight. 两个男孩打了一架。 fight v. (fought; fought)（常与against，with连用）打仗；战斗 e. g. People often have to fight with the enemy. 人们往往不得不抗击敌人。 2. suppose v. 推想，假设 e.g. Scientists supposed that large dinosaurs lived in swamps. 科学家们猜想大型恐龙栖居于沼泽地中。 Suppose your father saw you no

3、w, what would you say? 假设你父亲现在看到了你，你该怎么说？ 3. pure adj. 纯的，纯粹的，纯净的 e.g. The water in mountain rivers is usually pure. 流经山间的河水通常是纯净的。 She speaks pure French. 她讲一口纯正的法语。 4. natural adj.自然的，自然界的 e.g. It is natural for a cat to catch mice. 猫捉老鼠是本能。 Fire is one of the natural elements in nature. 火是自然界中的自然

4、元素之一。 【知识拓展】 nature n. 自然，自然界，大自然 e.g. This phenomenon is unique in nature. 这种现象在整个自然界是罕见的。 5. gas n. 气体 e.g. There are several kinds of gas in the air, with nitrogen amounting to the most part. 空气中有好几种气体，氮所占的比重最大。 6. release v. 释放，解放 e. g. I released the horse and it ran away. 我放了这匹马，让它跑了。 Four pri

5、soners were released. 四名犯人被释放了。 【知识拓展】 release n. 释放；解脱 e.g. She can expect an early release from prison. 她有望早一点儿出狱。 7. chemical n. 化学物质，药品 e.g. The farmers use chemicals to kill the insects in the fields. 农民用化学药品来杀死地里的害虫。 【知识拓展】 chemical adj. 化学的 chemistry n. 化学 chemist n. 化学家，药剂师 8. nasty adj. 令人厌

6、恶的，令人不悦的 e.g. Theres a nasty smell coming from that sewer. 下水道里发出一股很恶心的味道。 Dont be so nasty! 不要发脾气啦！ 9. communicate v. 沟通，通信 e.g. My net-pal and I communrcate with each other on the Internet. 我和我的网友通过网络保持联系。 The Minister for Foreign Affairs has already communicated on this event with the American Pr

7、esident. 外交部长已经跟美国总统就此事件交换过意见了。 This room communicates with the other room. 这个房间与那个房间相通。 10. hardly adv. 刚刚，几乎不 e.g. I could hardly understand the theory. 我几乎不能理解这个理论。 We had hardly begun when it began to rain. 我们刚一举步就下起雨来了。 It was so dark that I could hardly see. 天那么黑，我几乎什么也着不见。 It hardly snows her

8、e in winter. 这里的冬天几乎不下雪。 【知识拓展】 hard adj. 坚固的，困难的 adv.努力地，剧烈地 e.g. She found it hard to make up her mind. 她发觉很难下决心。 It was raining hard last night. 昨晚雨下得很大。 11. warn v. 警告 【常用搭配】 warn somebody about something警告某人某事 e.g. warn somebody not to do something 警告某人不要做某事 The government warned the people abo

9、ut the coming typhoon. 政府警告人民台风将要来袭。 I must warn you not to go out. There is a storm. 我必须警告你不要出门，外面暴风骤雨。 【知识拓展】 warning n. 提醒；警告 e.g. Because of her warning, I was careful. 由于她的提醒，我很小心。 单词扩展速背： destroy v. 破坏；毁坏 fighter n. 战士 fight destruction n.毁坏；毁灭 v. /n. 战斗，打架 noise n. product n. 农产品 喧闹声， 嘈杂声，噪声

10、noisy 产品（工业方面） adj. 吵闹的； 喧闹的； 嘈杂的 production n.noisily producer n. adv. 制作者 吵闹地 制片人， produce 生产v.breathe v. 呼吸 事实 fact n. breath n. n. factor 因素呼吸 Scientist n.科学家感到有兴趣的 interested adj. Science adj. interesting 令人产生兴趣的 n.科学 Scientific interest adj.科学的爱好兴趣，n. warn pure 纯净的adj. v. 警告 警告，告诫n. warning 纯净

11、地adv. purely nature n. 自然 adj.自然的 natural chemical adj.化学的 chemicals n.学物质（复） unnatural adj.不自然的 adv.自然地 naturally burn n. / v. 燃烧、烧伤 burning adj.（中用于名词前）燃烧着的， chemistry n. 化学（学科） chemist n.化学家 replace v. 放回原处， 更换， 替换 replacement n.更换， 解题的人或物 迫在眉睫的雄心勃勃的， live v. / a. 居住、现场的 harm n. 害处 living adj.活着的

12、活的 adj. alive lively adj. 活泼的 harmful adj.有害的 harmless adj. 无害的 harmlessly adv. 无害的 v. / n. exchange 交流， 交换改变， change v. / n. 替换 hardly adv. 几乎不 hard adv. /adj. 努力地、艰难的， 坚硬的 communicate v. 交流， 沟通 thank v. 感谢 communication n. 交流，沟通 thankful adj. 感谢的， 感激的 main adj. 主要的 contain v. 容纳 mainly adv. 主要地 co

13、ntainer n.容器 announce v. 公告，宣布 enjoy v.享受 announver n. 发言人 enjoyment n.享受， 快乐 announcement n. 声明， 公告 enjoyable adj.令人愉快的 windsurf v. 冲浪 leader n. 领导者 windsurfing n. 冲浪运动 lead v. 领导 in the end 最后（可用于将来时） join 参加（组织或个人、人群） at the end of 在末（可指时间或空间） take part in 参加（活动） by the end of 到为止（用于时间） join in参加

14、（活动） on the end of 在末端上 expressions. 日常表达 . Daily 1. be interested in 对感兴趣 e. g. Peter is interested in playing football. 彼得对踢足球感兴趣。 指点迷津：interesting 与interested (1) interesting形容词，意为“有趣的”。 e.g.We are going to show an interesting experiment. 我们将给大家做个有趣的实验。 (2) interested形容词，意为“对感兴趣”，短语be/become inte

15、rested in。 e.g. They have become interested in science. 他们对自然科学感兴趣。 Are you interested in history? 你对历史感兴趣吗？ 2. living things生物 指点迷津: alive 与living 通常情况下，alive做表语(be alive)，而living 一般放在名词前做定语用。 e.g. That great man is still alive. 那个伟人依然活着。 all living things 一切生物 拉丁语不是现代用语。Latin is not a living langu

16、age. 3. on the end of在的末端 e.g. Have you ever noticed the rubber on the end of a pencil? 你有注意过铅笔末端的那个橡皮头吗？ 4. of course当然 e. g. -Will you help me please?请你帮助我好吗？ -Of course!当然可以！ 5. thankfor 为而感谢 e.g. He thanked her for the gift. 他感谢她的礼物。 The manager thanked her crew for being so cooperative. 经理感谢她的同

17、事们如此通力合作。 6. takefrom从中拿出 e.g. When people take trees from the forests, have they ever thought about planting more? 当人们从森林中取走树木的时候，他们有想过要种更多的树木吗？ 7. releaseinto 将释放到中 e.g. Look, that steel work is releasing black smoke into the air. 看呀，那家钢铁厂正在向空气中排放黑烟。 8. as well as也，还 e.g. He as well as his sisters

18、, is going to Canada. 他和他的姐妹们将要去加拿大。 She is clever as well as beautiful. 她不仅聪明，而且漂亮。 Penguins can swim under the water as well as on the top of it. 企鹅不但能在水里游，而且能在水上游。 【知识拓展】 注意区别as well as/not onlybut also The teacher, as well as the students, wishes for a holiday.（重点放在前者） Not only the students but

19、also the teacher wishes for a holiday. （重点放在后者） 9. protectby doing sth. 通过保护 e.g. The parents wanted to protect their children by locking them in the house. 这对父母希望通过将孩子反锁在家中来保护他们的安全。 10. jointogether将连在一起 e.g. The trees nearby can join their roots together. 周围的树木可以将它们的根系交织在一起。 11. communicate with o

20、ne another相互联系，相互沟通 e.g. Nowadays, people usually communicate with each other through the Internet. 如今，人们常常通过因特网相互联系。 指点迷津：one another, each other 表示两人以上的相互关系时用，each other在表示两个人之间的相互关系时用一般来说， one another，但在实际运用时两者皆可。 e.g. Students should help each other. 学生们应当相互帮助。 Stuttents share their ideas freely

21、 with one another. 学生们可以自由地交换他们的想法。 12. hardly any 几乎没有他几乎花光所有的钱。他几乎没e.g. He spent nearly all his money. He had hardly any left. 有剩下任何东西。 处于危险中13. in danger 他处于危险之中，请尽快通知e.g. He is in danger, please inform him as soon as possible. 他。 房子着火了，里面的人正处于危险中。 The people in the burning house are in danger. 保

22、护rom/against 14. protect sb. by/f这个男人抬起胳膊挡住他的脸e.g. The man raised his arm to protect his face from the blow. 部免受拳击。请戴好帽子，免得头部遭到暴Please wear a hat to protect your head against the sun. 晒。 ？还有什么What else？ 15. e.g. What else do you want to buy? 你还想买些什么？ 【随堂小练】I. Fill in the blanks with the given words

23、in their proper forms. 1. We should try our best to fight _ ( pollute). 2. The man is a brave _ (fight). We should learn from him. 3. Students should clean the classroom _ (they) after school. 4. Sam wants to be a _ ( science) when he grows up in the future. 5. Boys and girls, how many _ (nature) el

24、ements do you know? II. Choose the right word to complete the sentence. 1. We will have a meeting to talk about the plan _ (at /on) the end of this week. 2. You can find a hotel _(at / on) the end of the street. 3. People usually communicate _ ( with / to) each other in the tea bar. 4. Lets talk abo

25、ut the project _ (to / on) the Open Day. 【keys】 I. 1. pollution 2. fighter 3. themselves 4. scientist 5. natural . 1. at 2. on 3. with 4. on Step 4: Important Sentences structures. 1. They make streets more beautiful and less noisy. “more”和“less”用于多音节和一些双音节形容词和副词之前。“more”表示“更加”，“less”表示“不如，较差”。 珍妮没有

26、苏珊漂亮。e. g. Jane is less beautiful than Susan. 苏珊比珍妮更漂亮。Susans more beautiful than Jane. 2. And, I suppose you also enjoy breathing pure, cool air. 。事的乐趣”“喜欢做事，享受做enjoy doing意为 周日我喜欢在家看书。e.g. I enjoy reading books at home on Sundays. produce enough oxygen to keep your whole class alive and healthy for a whole year.3. enough+n. +to do 我有足够的时间来完成这份工作。e.g. I have enough time to finish the work.adj. /adv. +enough+ to do 天气足够暖和，可以游泳。e.g. Its warm enough to swim. 他跑得不够快，没有赶上火车。 He didnt run fast enough to catch the train. 【随堂练习】. Read