专题限时检测(二十二)阅读理解之自然类

1、专题限时检测(二十二)阅读理解之自然类(共3篇，限时23分钟)A(2014福建省普通高中高考适应性测试)Brown cows may not actually make chocolate milk, but pink silkworms (蚕) do produce pink silk, a team of scientists has discovered. To see if they could produce predyed silksilk that comes colored, straight from the source the team fed ordinary silk

2、worms mulberry (桑树) leaves that had been sprayed (喷洒) with fabric (织物) dyes (染色剂). Out of seven tested dyes, only one worked, producing a thread that reminded me of pinkdyed hair.And yes, the worms themselves take on some color before they produce silk. Their colorful diets did not affect their grow

3、th, the team, which included engineers and biologists from the CSIRNational Chemical Laboratory in India, reports in the journal ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. (The researchers didnt look too deeply into how the dyes affected the silkworms health. After all, silkworms die when people harve

4、st their silk.)The team made dyeing silk this way because coloring fabric normally uses large amounts of fresh water. The water gets polluted with dangerous chemicals in the process, requiring costly treatment before factories can send it back into waterways. Dyeing silk directly by feeding silkworm

5、s would avoid those waterwashing steps. Scientists are just starting to study this idea. However, it remains to be seen if its commercially successful. In this experiment, the Indian team tested seven dyes, which are cheap and popular in the industry.The scientists found different dyes moved through

6、 silkworms bodies differently. Some never made it into the worms silk at all. Others colored the worms and their silk, but the color disappears before the silk is turned into fabric. Only one dye, named “direct acid fast red”， showed up in the final, washed silk threads. By the time it made it there

7、, it was a pleasant, light pink.1The text is most probably a(n)_Ascience reportBtourist guideCanimal experiment Dfashion advertisement2Silkworms can produce pink silk because_.Athey are born pink Bthey are dyed pinkCthey grow in pink water Dthey are fed dyed food3Where was the experiment carried out

8、?AIn America. BIn India.CIn Israel. DIn China.4How many dyes have been proved successful in the experiment?AOne. BThree.CFive. DSeven.B(2014东北三省四市第一次联合考试) Its the beginning of 2014, but as USA Today says，“its never too early to plan your 2014 travels”. With so many hot destinations around the globe,

9、 “where should I go？” can be difficult to answer. According to Lonely Planet, though, Brazil is a fine choice on Oct 29th, the travel guide named that country the top one to visit in 2014.“As if endless coast and mountains splashed (飞溅) with rainforest didnt already add up to an unfair share of heav

10、en, Brazil will hold two of the greatest sporting events in the world, beginning with the 2014 FIFA World Cup and followed by the 2016 Summer Olympics，”explained Lonely Planet.Brazil is the largest and most populous (人口稠密的) country in South America. It boasts (自豪拥有) the Amazon, the worlds largest ju

11、ngle, which is home to a variety of plants and animals. But the great scenery is not the only thing Brazilians take pride in.The colors green and yellow might make most people think of Brazils soccer team even more than its national flag. Soccer is more than a sport in Brazil; its a way of life. In

12、fact, the World Cup brings Brazilians together. It is interesting to note that the general elections in Brazil are usually held during the same year as the World Cup. Political parties try to take advantage of the patriotic enthusiasm(爱国热情) created by soccer to inspire political energy.Alongside soc

13、cer, samba is another symbol of Brazil. The countrys most traditional dance is highlighted every February at the Rio Carnival, which is one of the worlds biggest.“Brazil has left its secondclass nation status，” said former Brazilian president Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva in 2009 after Rio de Janeiro wa

14、s awarded the 2016 Olympics.Brazils growing economy, fueled by oil and aircraft factories, has made it more than just a nation of samba, soccer and beaches. These days, it might just be the best tourist destination in the world.5Which is TRUE about Brazil?ASoccer and samba are two symbols of the cou

15、ntry.BIt will hold the FIFA World Cup and the Summer Olympics in 2016.CIt is the largest country with the longest history in South America.DIts Amazon is the worlds largest jungle, Brazilians take pride in only.6. We can tell from the words of Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva that_.Ahis country will be the

16、 first class nation status after the 2016 OlympicsBhis country has been left behind by other secondclass nationsChe is confident that his country has developed very fastDthe 2016 Olympics, not samba or soccer, has made his country the first class7. Which of the following aspects are mentioned about

17、Brazil in the article?AMilitary and economy.BGeography and population.CLanguage and culture.DPolitics and history.8The authors purpose in writing the article is to_.Agive an introduction of Brazil as a tourist destinationBprove that Lonely Planets recommendation is rightCgive an objective review of

18、Brazil as a nationDexplain why Brazil will be holding the two sporting eventsC(2014贵州高考适应性考试)Some colors that people see late at night could cause signs of the condition mental health experts call clinical depression (临床抑郁症). That was the finding of a study that builds on earlier study findings. The

19、y show that individuals who live or work in low levels of light overnight can develop clinical depression.Doctors use the words clinical depression to describe severe form of depression. Signs may include loss of interest or pleasure in most activities, low energy levels and thoughts of death.In the

20、 new study, American investigators designed an experiment that exposed hamsters (仓鼠) to different colors. The researchers chose hamsters because they are nocturnal, which means they sleep during the day and are active at night. The animals were separated into 4 groups. One group of hamsters was kept

21、 in the dark during their nighttime period. Another group was placed in blue light, a third group slept in white light. While a fourth was put in red light. After four weeks, the researchers noted how much sugary water the hamsters drank. They found that the more depressed animals drank the least am

22、ount of water.Randy Nelson, at Ohio State University, says animals that slept in blue and white light appeared to be the most depressed. “What we saw is that these animals didnt show any sleep interruptions at all but they did have messed up circadian clock (生物钟) genes and they did show depressive e

23、vidence but if they were in the dim red light, they did not.” He says theres a lot of blue in white light. This explains why the blue light and white light hamsters appear to be more depressed than the hamsters see red light or darkness.9From the text we know that _made the hamsters feel depressed.A

24、the amount of the waterBthe color of the lightCthe loss of pleasureDthe level of energy10What was the purpose of the experiment on hamsters?ATo show how well they slept.BTo see how much sugary water they drank.CTo explain why they liked dark colors.DTo find out what caused the depression on them.11T

25、he author explains the clinical depression by _.Areporting an experiment processBpresenting research dataCsetting down general rulesDgiving his own experience12Where can we probably find the text?AIn a science magazine.BIn a physics textbook.CIn a tourist guidebook.DIn an official announcement.答 案语篇

26、解读：本文是一篇说明文。你听说过蚕能吐出粉色的丝吗？印度的科学家做了大量的实验，他们通过给蚕喂一些喷过染色剂的桑树叶子，最终成功地使蚕吐出了粉色的丝。1选A推理判断题。根据对全文的理解可知，科学家们通过给蚕喂一些喷过染色剂的食物使其吐出粉色的丝。文中介绍了实验过程和实验结论，所以应该是一篇科技报告。故选A。2选D细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句中的“.the team fed . reminded me of pinkdyed hair.”可知，科学家用被喷洒织物染色剂的桑树叶子喂养普通的蚕。在七个被测试的染料中，只有一种染料起作用，这种蚕丝，让“我”想起染上粉色的头发。由此推知，蚕之所以会吐出粉色的丝是因为他们被喂了含有染色剂的食物。故选D。3选B细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中“. the team，which included engineers and biologists from the CSIR National Chemical Laboratory in India .”可知，实验是在印度进行的。故选B。4选A细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Only one dye，named direct acid fast red，showed u