最新点_八年级英语下册阅读理解知识点汇总(全)

1、最新点 _八年级英语下册阅读理解知识点汇总( 全)一、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）1阅读理解climbing mount qomolangma, the worlds highest mountain, has now become more difficult. the government of nepal asks climbers to come down the mountain with at least 18 pounds of garbage. thats the average amount of garbage a climber leaves behind

2、 on mount qomolangma.climbers would leave garbage along the way. this helps climbers keep their bags light, so they would have energy to reach the summit. the garbage problem in mount qomolangma is not new. in 2013, climbers carried down a total of four tons of garbage.the new rule came into effect

3、in april of 2014. to make sure it is followed, climbers will have to hand in some money to the officials before they climb the mountain. when they climb back down the mountain, the officials will check them to make sure they bring down the 18 pounds of garbage. if they do, their money will be given

4、back to them. if not, climbers wont get their money back. also, the officials wont let these people climb the mountain again. （1） the government of nepal asks climbers of mount qomolangma to .a. take fewer things to the top of the mountainb. bring at least 18 pounds of food with themc. bring down th

5、e garbage left by other climbersd. bring down at least 18 pounds of garbage when they come down the mountain（ 2） why do climbers leave garbage along the way?（ 3） how much garbage was brought down mount qomolangma in 2013?a. 4 tons.b. 8 tons.c. 14 tons.（4） now the climbers have tobefore they climb mo

6、unt qomolangma.d. 18 tons.a. hand in some money to the officialsb. leave plastic bags behind themc. tell the officials when they will come downd. tell the officials how many bags they will bring【答案】 （ 1） d（ 2） c（ 3） a（ 4） a【解析】 【分析】主要讲了爬珠穆朗玛峰的登山者下山时应该至少带回18 英镑的垃圾。（ 1）细节题。根据 the government of nepal a

7、sks climbers to come down the mountain withat least 18 pounds of garbage. 可知登山者下山时应该带至少18 英镑的垃圾，故选d。（ 2）细节题。根据 climbers would leave garbage along the way. this helps climbers keep theirbags light 可知登山者把垃圾留在沿路，目的是帮助保持他们的包轻快，故选c。（ 3）细节题。根据 in 2013, climbers carried down a total of four tons of garbage

8、. 可知在 2013年，登山者把4 吨垃圾带下山，故选a。（ 4）细节题。根据 climbers will have to hand in some money to the officials before they climbthe mountain. 可知登山者在他们爬山前上交一些钱给官员，故选a。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。2阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、 b、c 和 d 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。the vine that ate the southkudzu is a fast-growing vine （蔓生植物） that covers a l

9、arge area in the southern united states. it is so common that one might think it is a native plant, but it is not. kudzu was broughtto the united states from japan in 1876. many americans thought it was beautiful, and they began to plant it. they didnt know it could grow up to a foot a day during th

10、e summer months.nor did they know it would grow up and over anything in its path（路径） .in japan, kudzu experienced cold winters and a short growing season. but in the united states, it has a very long growing season with warm and wet southern weather. it is fine weather for the vine to grow fast.in t

11、he 1920s, people used the vine to feed farm animals. ten years later, the government supported to plant kudzu because it kept soil （土壤） from washing away. however, by the 1950s, the government no longer wanted people to plant the vine. twenty years after that, the government said it was a harmful pl

12、ant.the vine grows up trees and buildings, making some beautiful shapes. however, trees die after kudzu covers them because they cannot get enough light. scientists are looking for ways to kill the vine. they used poisons （毒药） to kill the vine. however, some of the poisons made it grow even better.

13、scientists also find it difficult to dig up kudzu. the plant is really tough.because kudzu is so hard to kill, some people are making the best of it. so they try to find different uses for the vine. they find the vine can be used to make paper and baskets, it can be used to feed the goats, and it ca

14、n even be eaten by people. scientists are studying it in the hope that the vine can be used as a medicine. at the very least, kudzu serves as an example of the unexpected results that can come from non-native plants.（ 1） we can learn from the passage that _.（ 2） the underlined word tough in paragrap

15、h 4 probably means _.a. not easily brokenb. widely usedc. hard to growd. important to ones health（ 3） the last paragraph is mostly about _.a. how quickly the vine grows b. how people use the vine c. why people want to kill the vine d. why people eat the vine（ 4） the writer uses the title the vine th

16、at ate the south most probably to _.a. let readers know that kudzu is a vineb. interest readers in a humorous wayc. tell readers the vine is a kind of foodd. get readers to realize the passage is serious【答案】 （ 1） c（ 2） a（ 3） b（ 4） b【解析】 【分析】文章大意：向大家介绍了kudzu 这种蔓生植物，覆盖了美国南部的大块地区，人们使用它的过程和历史，以及它的用途。（ 1

17、）细节理解题。根据 but in the united states, it has a very long growing season with warm and wet southern weather.可知在美国，野葛因为天气温暖潮湿有非常长的生长季，故选c。（ 2）词义猜测题。根据 they used poisons （毒药） to kill the vine. however, some of the poisons made it grow even better. scientists also find it difficult to dig up kudzu. the pl

18、ant isreally tough. 可知科学家们利用毒药来杀死野葛，然而，一些毒药让它们长得更好。科学家们也发现挖掘野葛也很困难，可知这种植物真的非常坚韧，很难杀死，故选a。（ 3）段落大意题。根据最后一段讲述了人们如何充分利用野葛，故选b。（ 4）写作意图题。文章主要向我们介绍了kudzu 这种蔓生植物，用吃掉南方的蔓生植物作为题目是用幽默的方式使大家对这个话题感兴趣，故选b。【点评】考查阅读理解能力，首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据问题在原文中找到依据，细节理解题要在文章中找到原句和细节，选出正确答案；主旨大意题要掌握文章大意，了解作者的写作意图，找到关键词，推断题需要联系上下文，推断

19、出需要的信息。3阅读理解you might see aliens in books and movies. they look strange. they are very smart. they travel in spaceships.but are there really aliens in space? british scientist stephen hawking, 68, thinks so. he saysthat people should not look for aliens. he thinks they are dangerous. on a new britis

20、h tvprogram, hawking says, it is quite possible that there are aliens in space. they might live in bigspaceships. they have used up all the resources（资源） from their home planet. he thinks suchaliens are sure to get resources from earth and then go away. they may bring troubles to earth,too.（1） alien

21、s in books and movies are always.a. quiet and strangeb. strange and smartc. smart and crueld. shy and cute（2） are there really aliens in space?a. yes, there are.b. no, there arent.c. we are not sure.d. there used to be some, but now they have disappeared.（3） according to mr. hawking, aliens probably

22、 have.a. used up their resourcesb. polluted their own planetc. destroyed the big spaceships they lived ind. travelled around the earth（4） mr. hawking believes that aliens will come to earth toa. cause troublesb. get resourcesc. make a living.d. make friends with humans【答案】 （ 1） b（2） c（3） a（4） b【解析】

23、【分析】文章大意：这是一篇议论文，主要讨论外星人。你可能在书和电影中看到外星人，他们看起来很奇怪，他们很聪明，他们乘坐宇宙飞船旅行。但是现实中没人看见过。英国科学家认为人们不应该寻找外星人，他们太危险。这些外星人会来地球掠夺资源，给地球带来麻烦。（ 1）细节理解题。根据you might see aliens in books and movies. they look strange. 可知在书里他们很奇怪而且很聪明。故选 b。（ 2）细节理解题。根据 on a new british tv program, hawking says, it is quite possible thatth

24、ere are aliens in space. 可知 hawking 认为极有可能有外星人，但不确定有。应选c。（ 3）细节理解题。根据 they have used up all the resources （资源） from their home planet.可知外星人可能用完了他们所有的资源。故选a。（ 4）细节理解题。根据 he thinks such aliens are sure to get resources from earth and thengo away. 可知 mr. hawking 认为外星人会来地球上获取资源。故选b。【点评】此题考查阅读理解。此题涉及细节理解

25、题，我们先阅读短文，理解短文大意。然后分析问题，带着问题仔细阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出问题答案。4阅读理解is there intelligent （有智力的） life on other planets? for years, scientists said no. or we dont know. but today this is changing. seth shostak and alexandra barnett are astronomers （天文学家） . they believe intelligent life exists （存在） somewhere in the

26、universe. they also think we will soon contact them.why do shostak and barnett think intelligent life exists on other planets? the first reason is time. scientists believe the universe is about 12 billion years old. this is long enough for other planets to have intelligent life, say shostak and barn

27、ett. the second reason is size the universe is huge. tools like the hubble telescope（哈勃望远镜） have shown that there are at least 100 billion galaxies, says shostak. and our galaxy, the milky way, has at least 100 billion stars. some planets going around these stars might be similar to the earth. in th

28、e past, it was hard to look for signs of intelligent life in the universe. but now, powerfultelescopes（高倍望远镜） allow scientists to discover smaller planets-the size of mars or the earth-in other solar systems, these planets might have intelligent life.have beings from space already visited the earth?

29、 probably not, says shostak. its a long way away. however, intelligent beings may contact us in other way, such as radio signals （信号） . in fact, they may be trying to communicate with us now, but we dont have the right tools to receive their messages. however, this is changing. by 2025, we could mak

30、e contact with other life forms in our universe and we might help each other. （ 1） what is the main idea of paragraph 2?（ 2） why was it hard to look for signs of intelligent life in the universe in the past?（ 3） why havent beings from space visited us yet according to shostak?（ 4） what does the unde

31、rlined phrase life forms in the last paragraph mean?a. messages.b. tools.c. radio signals.d. intelligent beings.【答案】 （ 1） c（ 2） b（ 3） b（ 4） d【解析】 【分析】短文大意： 本文叙述了科学家认为其他星球也存在智能生命，因为宇宙形成的时间这么长，足够其他星球形成生命；其次宇宙这么大，周围会有跟地球相似的星球。不久来自太空的生命有可能将会和我们联系，我们可能到2025 年，也会和他们取得联系，我们可能会互相帮助。（ 1）段落大意题。根据段落主题句why do s

32、hostak and barnett think intelligent life exists onother planets? 可知这个段落讲的是有智慧的东西在其它星球存在的原因。故选c。（ 2）推理判断题。根据in the past, it was hard to look for signs of intelligent life in theuniverse. but now, powerful telescopes（高倍望远镜） allow scientists to discover smaller planets-the size of mars or the earth-in

33、 other solar systems, these planets might have intelligentlife. 过去，在宇宙中很难找到智慧生活的标志，但是现在，高倍望远镜让科学家发现了更小的行星 -火星的大小或地球 -在其它太阳系，这些行星可能有智慧的生命。可知过去人们很难发现智慧生命的标志是因为没有高倍望远镜。故选b。（ 3）推理判断题。根据have beings from space already visited the earth? probably not,says shostak. its a long way away. 可知 shostak.认为来自太空的生命可

34、能没有来过地球，因为路途遥远。故选b。（4） 词义猜测题。根据however, intelligent beings may contact us in other way,可知智能生命可能会用其他方式联系我们，故推测此处的life forms 指的是 intelligent beings ，故选 d。【点评】此题考查阅读理解。这道题涉及段落大意，推理判断和词意猜测。段落大意可根据段落的主题句决定。对于推理判断题，我们要根据文章的细节内容进行推理，确定正确答案。对于词意猜测题，我们要根据上下文的联系确定，找出正确答案。5阅读理解in modern society there is a lot

35、of disagreement about competition.some value it highly,believing that it is good for social progress. others say that competition is bad. it sets one person against another. and it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.i have taught many children who believe that their self-worth depended

36、on how well they didat tennis and other skills. for them, playing well and winning are often life-and death matters. intheir single-minded dream of success, the development of many other human qualities（品质）is sadly forgotten.however, while some seem to be lost in the desire （渴望） to succeed, others t

37、ake a different attitude. in a culture which values only the winners, they are strongly against competition. among the most vocal are youngsters who are under competitive pressures （压力） from theirparents or society. they are always told to be the top ones, but they think its really hard. when i teac

38、h these young people, i often find them in a desire to fail. they seem to search for failure （失败） by not trying to win or achieve success. by not trying, they always have an excuse: i may have lost, but it doesnt matter because i really didnt try. if i had tried and lost, that would mean a lot.clear

39、ly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves.both are based on the mistaken belief. they think ones self-respect depends on how well onedoes compared with others. both are afraid of not being valued. only as this fear begins todissolve（消除） can we discover a

40、 new meaning in competition,（ 1） why do some people welcome competition according to the passag?a. it pushes society forward.b. it improves ones abilities.c. it develops human qualities.d. it builds up friendly relationship.（2） the underlined phrase the most vocal in paragraph 3 means.a. those who t

41、ry their best to winb. those who value competition most highlyc. those who depend on others most for successd. those who are against competition most strongly（ 3） which of the following may the writer agree to?（ 4） what does this passage mainly talk about?a. competition helps to set up self-respect.

42、b. competition is bad for social development.c. ideas about competition are different among people.d. failures are necessary experiences in competition.【答案】 （ 1） a（ 2） d（ 3） d（ 4） c【解析】 【分析】短文大意：人们对比赛的态度不一，很多孩子过于重视成功与失败，以至于失去了其他人格品质，一些人抵触比赛，每次比赛失败后，总是找出一个借口，作者呼吁应该消除害怕失败的情绪。（ 1）细节题。根据文章提到的some value

43、it highly, believing that it is good for social progress可知，比赛促进社会进步，故选a。（ 2）推断题。根据文章提到的in a culture which values only the winners, they are stronglyagainst competition 可知，该词组的意义为强烈抵触比赛的这些人，故选d。（ 3）细节题。根据文章提到的both are afraid of not being valued. only as this fear begins todissolve can we discover a n

44、ew meaning in competition 可知，作者认为对害怕失败的情绪应该消除，故选 d。（ 4）主旨题。根据文章主要介绍了人们对比赛态度不一，可知文章谈论了关于比赛的想法，不同人的观点不一样，故选c。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6阅读理解as space science develops, man has learned more and more about space. space is not only amazing bu

45、t also dangerous. while working in space, spacemen are facing danger.scientists have found out that radiation（辐射） is the greatest danger to spacemen in space.when spacemen are working in space, they are in danger of radiation from the sun and other stars, which is bad for their health. some special

46、medicine may work a little, but theres no really helpful medicine.space junk is also thought a great danger to spacemen. its reported that there are 9,000 man-made things flying in space. about 30% of these are man-made satellites （卫星） ,10% arespaceships, and the rest are space junk. an explosion （爆

47、炸）in 1996 made a cloud of 300,000fragments （碎片） , each at least 4 mm in size, and even a small piece of these knocked against a spaceship window and did some damage. scientists are working on helpful ways to do with space junk.although space is really dangerous, it interests everyone on the earth. i

48、n the near future, itmay become usual for people to spend a few days in a space hotel. we may even choose to leavethe earth and live in space for a few years. so we should care for space and do something to helpimprove the space environment.（ 1） _ of man-made things in space are space junk.a. 10%b.

49、30%c. 60%d. 80%（ 2） _ is/are the most dangerous to spacemen.a. satellitesb. radiationc. fragmentsd. space junk（ 3） what can people do in space in the near future? _（ 4） the purpose （目的） of the writer who writes the passage is mainly to _ .a. introduce what the space is like to usb. talk about some i

50、mportant space travelsc. tell us the space environment and to care for spaced. show us how interesting the life of the spacemen in space【答案】 （ 1） c（ 2） b（ 3） d（ 4） c【解析】 【分析】短文大意：本文是科普文，介绍了神奇太空的危险环境，呼吁人们关心太空并做一些事情来帮助改善太空环境。（ 1）考查数学计算。根据 about 30% of these are man-made satellites （卫星） ,10% are spaces

51、hips, and the rest are space junk. ，可知 100%30%10%=60%，故选 c。（ 2）考查细节理解。根据 scientists have found out that radiation （辐射） is the greatest danger to spacemen in space.（科学家们已经发现，辐射对太空中的宇航员来说是最大的危险），可知对于太空人来说，辐射是最危险的，故选b。（ 3）考查细节理解。根据 in the near future, it may become usual for people to spend a fewdays i

52、n a space hotel. we may even choose to leave the earth and live in space for a few years. ，可知 they can spend a few days or live for a few years in space. 说法正确，故选 d。（ 4）考查主旨理解。根据文章主题句so we should care for space and do something to helpimprove the space environment. ，可知介绍的是神奇太空的危险环境，呼吁人们关心太空并做一些事情来帮助改

53、善太空环境，故选c。【点评】此题考查阅读理解。我们先阅读短文，理解短文大意。我们在分析问题后，带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出和问题相关的语句，找出细节理解问题答案，对于主旨大意题，要根据文章的主题句确定。7阅读理解pets are popular all over the world. in fact, there are many reasons why people keep pets. they give people joy and love, look after peoples homes and make people feel good! animals are fun

54、to be with every day. they help people in many ways!before you keep a pet, its wise of you to think carefully which animal is the best choice for your family. you can start by collecting enough information and advice. it wont take a long time and it will be useful and fun. dont choose a pet only by

55、yourself. choosing a pet should be a family plan. you should know what kind of animal you want, the amount of free time you have and the amount of responsibility each family member should take on. its helpful for you to ask vets（兽医） for advice. a pet will become your responsibility if you have one,