2010年山东高考英语试题及答案

1、2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（山东卷）第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节 语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A.B.C.D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21. Do you think you could do without help? _. This is not the first time for me. A. Take care B. Hurry up C. Not exactly D. Dont worry解析：本题考查交际用语的使用。根据后置语境This is not the first time

2、for me可知，答语应表示“没问题，别担心”之意，所以D项符合语境。答案:D22. If we sit near _ front of the bus, well have _ better view. A. 不填；the B. 不填；a C. the; a D. the；the解析：本题考查冠词在具体语境中的使用。句意应为“如果我们坐在公共汽车的前部，就会有更好的视野。”表示“某空间内部的前部”时，front前要加定冠词the; have a good view是习惯搭配，表示“视野开阔，视野良好”之意；所以C项符合语境。答案：C23. I have a lot of readings _

3、 before the end of this term. A. completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed高考资源解析：本题考查非谓语动词的使用。句意应为“这个学期结束前，我要做很多阅读练习。”由于时间状语before the end of this term表达未来的时间，所以空格处使用动词不定式表示将来，充当readings的定语。答案：B24. Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen. A. that B. which C. whose D. W

4、hat解析：本题考查定语从句的引导词。句意应为“那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。”空格处引导定语从句并且在从句中作定语使用，所以使用whose。答案：C25. I_ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt解析：本题考查情态动词的用法。句意应为“我本来不应该看那部电影的-它会使我做噩梦的。”表示“本来不应该做而做了某事”用shouldnt have done, 所以A项正确。答案：A26. Before the sales start,

5、 I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season. A. why B. what C. how D. which解析：本题考查宾语从句的引导词。句意应为“在大甩卖开始前，我把孩子们在下个季节里要用到的东西列了一个清单。”分析句式结构可知，空格处在句中引导宾语从句且在从句中充当need的宾语，所以B项结构正确。which 引导名词性从句时多表示疑问且要有一个明确的范围。答案:B27. Sam _ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on

6、it. A. brought up B. looked up C. picked up D. set up解析：本题考查动词短语意义辨析。句意应为“山姆只是凭借看别人操作电脑就学到了一些电脑知识。”表示“学会”用pick up; pick up另外还有“捡起; 顺车接送,搭载；收拾，整理；重新开始；获得”等义；bring up 表示“抚养，教育；提出；呕吐”；look up 表示“向上看；（形势）好转，改善；查阅”；set up表示“建立，设置；造成，产生”。答案:C28. The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of

7、 the school during the day, _ accompanied by an adult. A. once B. when C. if D. unless解析：本题考查省略的状语从句的连接词。句意应为“学校规章规定：除非有成年人陪同，否则孩子们在校期间不能出学校。”表示“除非”用unless。该句式构成了“连词+过去分词”结构。答案:D29. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked. A. laid B. laying C. to lay

8、D. being laid解析：本题考查with复合结构的用法。with复合结构的构成是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，由于table与lay(搁放)之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以空格处用过去分词表示被动。答案:A30. Up to now, the program _ thousands of children who would otherwise have died. A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved解析：本题考查动词时态的用法。句意应为“截止到现在，这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的生命。”up to now是现

9、在完成时态的标志，所以空格处使用现在完成时态。答案:D31. Your house is always so neathow do you _ it with three children? A. manage B. serve C. adapt D. construct解析：本题考查动词在具体语境中的使用。句意应为“你家里总是那么整洁-家里有三个孩子，你是怎么设法做到的?” 表示“设法做成某事”用manage it。serve 表示“为服务；接待”；adapt 表示“使适应，使适合”；construct表示“建造，构筑；构思”。答案:A32. Helping others is a habi

10、t, _ you can learn even at an early age. A. it B. that C. what D. one解析：本题考查代词的用法。句意应为“帮助别人是一种习惯，一个你在很小时就能学会的习惯。”空格处与前句中的habit构成同位关系，所以选择D项。句中you can learn even at an early age是省略了关系代词that 的定语从句，that在定语从句中作learn的宾语使用。答案:D33. Those who suffer from headache will find they get _ from this medicine. A.

11、relief B. safety C. defense D. shelter解析：本题考查名词在具体语境的使用。句意应为“那些头痛的人会发现这种药物能使头痛缓解。”所以A项意义符合句意, relief 表示“缓解，减轻，解除”。 safety表示“安全，保险”；defense 表示“防御，防护”； shelter表示“掩蔽，保护”。答案:A34. Her father is very rich._ She wouldnt accept his help even if it were offered. A. What for? B. So what? C. No doubt. D. No wo

12、nder.解析：本题考查交际英语在具体语境中的使用。句意应为“-她父亲非常富裕。-那又怎么样？即使主动给她帮助，她也不会接受的。”表示“那又怎么样？”用So what? 。What for？表示“为了什么？”；No doubt 表示“毫无疑问”；No wonder 表示“毫不奇怪”。答案:35. Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have _ schedules to make it easier to care for their children. A. heavy B. smooth C. flexible D. complex解析

13、：本题考查形容词意义辨析。句意应为“在外工作的母亲们应该有灵活的时间以便照看孩子们。”表示“灵活的”用flexible 。heavy 表示“沉重的”； smooth表示“光滑的，滑顺的”； complex表示“复杂的，难懂的”。答案:C第二节 完形填空 （共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并从答题卡上将该选项涂黑。It was a cool October evening. Excitement and family members _36_ the hall. I was only a 7-year

14、-old girl, but I was the center of _37_. Finally, after weeks of preparation, I would _38_ all my hard work in a dance of performance. Everything would be _39_ so I thought. I waited baskstage all _40_ in my black tights with a golden belt. In a loud and clear voice, the master of ceremonies _41_ th

15、at my class was next.My dance class was doing a routine on wooden boxes two feet by two feet, facing the _42_. All I had to do in the next move was put one foot on the box next to mine and keep my other foot on my box. I really was an _43_ move. I was concentrating so much _44_ the huge smile on my

16、face and holding my head up that I did not look _45_ I was going. I missed my partners box altogether and _46_. There I was standing on the stage floor when my classmates were on top of their boxes. I could hear giggles(咯咯笑) coming from the audience, and I felt the _47_ rush to my face. I remembered

17、 my dance teacher had told us, “If you make a mistake, keep smiling so the audience will not _48_.” I did my best to follow her _49_ as I continued with the routine.When the curtain dropped, so did my _50_ for the evening. I _51_ bitterly, tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face.

18、I ran backstage, but no one could _52_ me down. Recently I realized I had been a _53_ that night. I was _54_, but I fought the urge to run off the stage. _55_, I finished the routine with a smile on my face. Now when friends and family laugh about the time I slipped during a dance performance, I can

19、 laugh too.36. A. filled B. visited C. attended D. decorated解析：通读全文可以知道作者描述了自己七岁时的一次舞蹈表演的情况，有表演自然就有观众，所以本句句意应为“家人们挤满了演出大厅，大厅里充满了兴奋的情绪”，表示“充满、挤满”用filled。答案:A37. A. pressure B. impression C. debate D. attention解析：根据作者后面的描述可知，本句句意应为“我只有七岁，但是我是人们注意的中心”，所以要使用attention。答案:D38. A. take over B. show off C.

20、look after D. give up解析：本题句意应为“最后，在经过了几周的准备之后，我要在舞蹈表演中展示我所做出的辛苦努力。”表示“展示”用show off。 take over表示“继承，接办；接管”；show off表示“展示；炫耀，卖弄”；look after表示“照顾，照看”；give up表示“放弃，投降”。答案:B39. A. reasonable B. suitable C. obvious D. perfect解析：根据后面的描述可知作者的这次表演失败了，所以本句句意应为“一切都应该是完美的- 我是这样认为的。” reasonable表示“合乎情理的”；suitable

21、表示“合适的，适宜的”；obvious 表示“明显的”； perfect表示“完美的”。D相符合逻辑。答案:D40. A. dressed up B. folded up C. covered up D. mixed up解析：本句描述了自己的穿戴，所以句意应为“我等在后台，穿着黑色的紧身衣，扎着金色的腰带。”表示“穿着”用dress up。答案:A41. A. suggested B. explained C. announced D. predicted 解析：本句句意应为“典礼的主持人清晰地大声宣布下面表演的是我们班。”表示“宣布”用announced。答案:C 42. A. music

22、 B. audience C. curtain D. stage解析：演出自然少不了观众，演员们要面对观众表演，所以本句句意应为“我们的舞蹈班成员在一个两英尺见方的箱子上做固定的动作，面向观众。”所以B项正确。答案:B 43. A. easy B. active C. adventurous D. extra解析：本句句意应为“ 我的动作真的非常简单”，所以A项符合句意。答案:A44. A. containing B. hiding C. sharing D. keeping解析：作者在本句中描述了出现失误前我的表演，本句句意应为“我脸上带着微笑，高昂着头，注意力如此集中以至于我没有看到我的脚

23、伸向了哪里。” 表示“保持某种状态”用keep，所以D项正确。contain表示“包含”; hide表示“躲藏”；share表示“分享”；keep表示“保持，保存”。答案:D 45. A. why B. whether C. where D. what解析：根据上题解释可知应该选择C项。 答案:C 46. A. wandered B. slipped C. waved D. skipped解析：本句句意应为“我没踩上同伴的箱子，滑倒了。”所以使用slip。答案:B47. A. blood B. pleasure C. pride D. tear解析：自己的表演出现了失误，肯定非常尴尬，所以本题

24、句意应为“我能够听到观众席上传来的咯咯笑声，我感到血冲上了脸。”应选择A项。答案:A48. A. leave B. cheer C. believe D. notice解析：根据后面的描述，作者最终克服了自己的心里障碍完成了表演，所以本句句意应为“我记起了我的舞蹈老师曾经告诉我们的话如果你出现了失误，要继续微笑下去，这样观众就不会注意到了”。所以D项符合句意。 答案:D 49. A. gesture B. example C. advice D. plan解析：根据后文的叙述可知，作者坚持完成了任务，所以本句句意应为“我尽力听从了她的建议，继续完成我的动作。” 故C项正确。答案:C 50. A

25、. doubts B. hopes C. voice D. patience解析：根据作者 的描述可知， 作者本来是想要表现一下的，结果却出现了失误，所以自己的希望落空了，因此本句句意应为“当幕布落下，我的希望也落空了。”故B项符合语境。答案:B51. A. argued B. shouted C. begged D. sobbed解析：由后文的tasting the salt from the tears可知作者哭了起来，所以本句句意应为“我哭了起来”，故D项正确。答案: D 52. A. turn B. calm C. let D. put解析：在当时的情境下，自然没有人能一下子使她情绪稳

26、定下来，所以应该用calm down表示“使平静“。 答案:B53. A. star B. pioneer C. loser D. fool解析：事情过去这么多年后，作者能够回过头来重新审视自己，所以本句句意应为“近来我认识到那天晚上我就是一个明星。”所以A项符合语境。答案:A 54. A. satisfied B. moved C. embarrassed D. confused解析：根据前面的叙述可知作者当时的失误使得自己非常尴尬，所以本句句意应为“我当时很尴尬，但是我克制住了自己冲出舞台的冲动。”所以C项符合句意。答案:C 55. A. However B. Instead C. In

27、total D. in return解析：分析上下文逻辑可知，此处表示转折意义，所以本句句意应为“相反地，我脸上带着微笑完成了动作。”答案:B第三部分 阅读理解（共20小题;每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AChristopher Thomas, 27, was a writer by night and a teacher by day when he noticed he was always tired and was losing weight fast. Diagnosed with diabete

28、s(糖尿病), Thomas would need to inject himself with insulin(胰岛素) three times a day for the rest of his life or risk nerve damage, blindness, and even death. And if that werent bad enough, he had no health insurance. After a month of feeling upset, Thomas decided hed better find a way to fight back. He

29、left Canton, Michigan for New York, got a job waiting tables, nicknamed himself the Diabetic Rockstar, and created , a free online community for diabetics and their loved onesa place where over 1,100 people share personal stories, information, and resources. Jason Swenckis son, K

30、ody, was diagnosed with type diabetes at six. Father and son visit the online childrens forums(论坛) together most evenings. Kody gets so excited, writing to kids from all over, says Swencki, one of the sites volunteers. They know what hes going through, so he doesnt feel alone. Kody is anything but a

31、lone: Diabetes is now the seventh leading cause of death in the United States, with 24 million diagnosed cases. And more people are being diagnosed at younger ages. These days, Thomass main focus is his charity（慈善机构）, Fight It, which provides medicines and supplies to people225 to datewho cant affor

32、d a diabetics huge expenses. F has raised about $23,000in products and in cash. In May, Thomas will hold the first annual Diabetic Rockstar Festival in the Caribbean. Even with a staff of 22 volunteers, Thomas often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause, while still doing his full-ti

33、me job waiting tables. Of the diabetes charities out there, most are putting money into finding a cure, says Bentley Gubar, one of Rockstars original members. But Christopher is the only person I know saying people need help now.56. Which of the following is true of Christopher Thomas?A. He needs to

34、 go to the doctor every day.B. He studies the leading cause of diabetesC. He has a positive attitude to this disease.D. He encourages diabetics by writing articles.解析:细节理解题。通读全文可知，Christopher Thomas对于自己的疾病采取了积极的态度，所以C项正确。A项与Thomas would need to inject himself with insulin(胰岛素) three times a day for

35、the rest of his life不符；B项与文中的Thomas开办网站，与病人及其家属分享有关的信息和资源不符；D项提到的写作是Thomas的专职工作，而他的志愿工作才是运作Fight It 这个慈善机构。答案:C 57. D was created for _. A. diabetics to communicate B. volunteers to find jobs C. children to amuse themselves D. rock stars to share resources.解析：细节理解题。根据a free online

36、 community for diabetics and their loved onesa place where over 1,100 people share personal stories, information, and resources可知A项正确。答案:A 58. According to the text, Kody _. A. feel lonely because of his illnessB. benefits from C. helps create the online kids forumsD. writes chil

37、drens stories online解析：细节理解题。根据Father and son visit the online childrens forums(论坛) together most evenings. Kody gets so excited, writing to kids from all over, says Swencki, one of the sites volunteers. They know what hes going through, so he doesnt feel alone. 可知B项正确。答案:B59. What can we learn abou

38、t Fight It?A. It helps the diabetics in financial difficulties.B. It organizes parties for volunteer once a year.C. It offers less expensive medicine to diabetics.D. It owns a well-known medical website.解析：细节理解题。根据Fight It, which provides medicines and supplies to people225 to datewho cant afford a

39、diabetics huge expenses. F has raised about $23,000in products and in cash.可知A项正确。 答案:A60. The last paragraph suggests that Thomas _.A. works full-time in a diabetes charity B. employs 22 people for his websiteC. helps diabetics in his own way D. ties to find a cure for diabetes解析：推理判断题。根

40、据But Christopher is the only person I know saying people need help now.可知Thomas在用自己的方式帮助糖尿病人，所以C项正确。A项与Thomas often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause, while still doing his full-time job waiting tables不符；B项与Even with a staff of 22 volunteers；D项与Of the diabetes charities out there, most are

41、putting money into finding a cure, says Bentley Gubar, one of Rockstars original members. But Christopher is the only person I know saying people need help now.不符。答案:C BAsk someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the

42、 home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first

43、 place. The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a typical households waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK,

44、 for example, is running out of it for carrying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste

45、is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue , encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of

46、us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But is also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary. There are signs of hope. As m

47、ore of us recycle, we are beginning to realise just how much unnecessary material are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.61. What does the underlined phrase “over-consumption” refer to? A. Using too much packaging. B. Recycling too m

48、any wastes.C. Making more products than necessary.D. Having more material than is needed.解析：词义猜测题。根据文中的We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place. 可知划线部分意义应为“过度

49、消费”，所以D项意义正确。答案:D 62. The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show _.A. the tendency of cutting household wasteB. the increase of packaging recyclingC. the rapid growth of super marketsD. the fact of packaging overuse解析：作者用意猜测题。根据作者在文中使用的数字可知，作者使用数字的目的是为了让读者清楚地理解过度包装的现实问题，所以D项正确。答案:D63. According

50、to the text, recycling _. A. helps control the greenhouse effect B. means burning packaging for energy C. is the solution to gas shortage D. leads to a waste of land解析：细节理解题。根据If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but t

51、he process itself uses energy.可知A项正确。答案:A 64. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4? A. Unpackaged products are of bad quality. B. Supermarkets care more about packaging. C. It is improper to judge quality by packaging. D. Other products are better packaged than food.解析：推理判断题。第四段讲述了人们对于包装不好的物品的固有认识，

52、即：人们普遍认为包装不好的物品质量肯定差，所以C项应为正确答案。答案:65. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Fighting wastefulness is difficult. B. Needless material is mostly recycled. C. People like collecting recyclable waste. D. The author is proud of their consumer culture.解析：推理判断题。文章讲述了人们对于过度包装的危害的认识及人们应有的积极态度，所以最后一段

53、给我们带来了希望，但是最后一句we have a mountain to climb.提示我们事情不会一蹴而就，所以A项正确。答案:A CRae Armantrout, who has been a poetry professor at the University of California San Diego(UCSD) for two decades, has won the 2010 Pulitzer Prize in the poetry category for her most recent book, “Versed”.“Im delighted and amazed at

54、how much media recognition that the Pulitzer brings, as compared to even the National Book Critics Award, which I was also surprised and delighted to win,” said Armantrout.“For a long time, my writing has been just below the media radar, and to have this kind of attention, suddenly, with my 10th boo

55、k, is really surprising.”Armantrout, a native Californian, received her bachelors degree at UC Berkeley, where she studied with noted poet Denise Levertov, and her masters in creative writing from San Francisco State University. She is a founding member of Language Poets, a group in American poetry that analyzes the way language is used and raises questions to make the reader think. In March, she won the