高考英语专题一分析句子成分分析

1、专题一 分析句子成分简单句的句子成份分析(主语、谓语、宾语、定语) 一句子的主要成份与次要成份 句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。句子的主要成份由主语和谓语部分部分组成。句子的次要成分有宾语、定语、状语、表语、补语、同位语等。其中，补语与同位语在高中阶段较常见。 例如：The trees on the mountain grow green in the spring(主语) (系动词) (表语) (状语)Who left the guest waiting in the meeting so long.?(主语) (谓语) (宾语) (补语) (状语)练习 在括号内写出以下句子划线部分的

2、基本成份1.They are workers from China.（ ） ( ) ( ) ( )2. The singer made himself known.（ ） ( ) ( ) ( )3.My classmates sent their best wishes to me.（ ） ( ) ( ) ( ) （ ） ( ) ( ) 二、主语及充当主语的词性、形式、短语或句子Deer are animals.Everything goes well.99 is larger than 98. To say is one thing and to do is another To host

3、a party is not an easy thing.Swimming does good to ones health.Walking his pet dog every day is his favorite. What he said hurt me greatly练习 在以下句子的主语部分加下划线并在括号内写出充当主语的词性、形式、短语或句子。You, he and I are all senior school students.( )Nothing is more important than EQ.( )To learn a foreign language calls fo

4、r patiences.( )Being honest will pay.( )Where his mother will go is a secret.( )三、谓语以及充当谓语的动词讲解 谓语说明主语的的动作、行为、特征或状态，谓语动词说明主语所表示的人物“干什么”或“怎么样”。谓语动词有不及物动词、系动词和及物动词三大类。谓语动词必须反映出人称、单复数、时态等信息The bike went wrong again.Most of the my classmates work hard. They told me his experiences in America.Some studen

5、ts are making much noise in the classroom now.We will stay at the school at the weekendMany flowers will have been planted by the end of the year.练习 将以下句子的谓语动词部分划线1. The old lady keeps healthy by taking exercise every day.2. Our old books have been sold out already.3. Does he go to work at eight ?4.

6、 Are you watching football games now?5. You shall be bought a new MP4 player next month.四、宾语及充当宾语的词性、形式、短语或句子讲解宾语表示行为的对象。宾语放在及物动词或者介词之后。充当宾语的词性有名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、不定式短语、动名词短语、宾语从句充当主语。例如：The factory makes paper.I will make it one day.The price increased by 10%.They planned to go ahead of time.Do you l

7、ike swimming?Some students asked to act as volunteers.I forgot bringing my mobile phone.Do you know where he lives?I suppose youre right.They suggest I should have a rest.I cant understand what I heard.练习 根据汉语提示将以下句子的宾语译成英语。1. I like my new _(学校) and my _(同学).2. My bag is red while _(你的) is brown.3.

8、 Do you want _ _ _ _（休息一下）？4.Lets stop _(工作) and go out for a change.5. Can you understand _ _ _(我所说的话) just now?五、定语及充当定语的词性、形式、短语或句子定语用来修饰或限制名词或代词。可用作定语的有形容词、代词、数词、名词、名词所有格、分词、动词-ing形式、动词不定式、副词、介词短语及从句等。例如：（1）名词作定语：A book cover, a coffee cup, a table leg, a mountain plant（2）形容词(短语)作定语: an attracti

9、ve sight, people alive, the students present at the meeting（3）副词(短语)作定语: The students here work hard. The book over there is his.（4）介词短语作定语: The pencil-bos on the desk is mine. （5） 动名词、分词（短语）定语: He is a walking dictionary Do you know the boy standing outside the classroom? I like novels written by L

10、uxun. （6）不定式（短语）: Is there anything to eat? （7）定语从句: The bookcase that was bought yesterday is cheap.练习 将下列句中作定语的部分划线.1. I need a book cover. 2. John is a handsome star.3. The trees over there grow green. 4. The books in my schoolbag are readable.5. The crowds waiting for Yang Liwei cheered up.6. Id

11、 like to introduce a book called A Woman in White to you.7. The computer to be repaired is on the desk.8. Do you know the date when he was born?9. I know the man who lives next door.10. Thats the hotel where we were staying last summer.11. Give me one reason why we should help you.12. The book you l

12、ent me was very useful.13. Do you still remember the boy I was going out with?14. Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?简单句的五种基本句型句型一 主语+系动词+表语（1）系动词的三分类：.保持或状态类的有be,remain, stay, keep, prove等；“变化”类的有grow, turn, get, become, fall，go，come等；表示“感官”类的有look, sound, smell, taste, feel, seem，appear. 等

13、；例如: I am a senior school student while he is a junior one.After four years, Tom became a doctor =turned doctor.The story sounds interesting and instructive.（2） 可以充当表语的有形容词、名词、副词(短语)、介词短语、表语从句、分词（短语）等。例如：In order to keep healthy, he takes exercise everyday.In my mind, mother is my hero.Look1 Your pe

14、t dog is there.The schoolbags come in different sizesYouve changed a lot. You are not what you were.Many passengers got injured in the accident.The machine keeps running for a long time.（3）使用系动词应注意的地方:第一，没有被动语态；第二，.一般没有进行时（除了feel以外）；第三，有些动词既是系动词又是普通动词，如：keep, grow, taste, feel, get,smell等。练习 根据句子，选择

15、一个合适的动词填空或根据汉语提示填空： (1) Put the meat in the refrigerator(冰箱).It _(goes/gets/turns/becomes) bad easily.(2) What he said_(sounds/looks/smells/tastes) reasonable.(3)He feels _(comfortable/comfortably), working in the air-conditioned office.(4) When the winter comes, the leaves in the tree turn _(yellow

16、/green).(5) More trees will _(be grown/grow/) around our school.(6) We do morning exercises to _(keep/turn/become) healthy.(7)The apple _(tastes/is tasted) sweet. (8)Those apples _(have tasted/have been tasted) already.（9）Please keep _(安静) ; The baby has fallen _(睡). (10) They work day and night to

17、make their dream come_(真).句型二 主语+不及物动词讲解 (1)不及物动词不能直接加宾语。如, agree, lie, work, argue,lie,belong,come, go,reply等。(2) 不及物动词加一个介词后构成动词短语可以加宾语。如，agree with, lie in, work at, belong to , come across, go to等。（3）有些动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词。如，begin, sell,write,wash,answer, read等。The meeting begins at half past nine. T

18、he professor began his speech directly.The books of this kind sell well and he will sell them.练习 1.指出划线部分动词的词性，是及物动词还是不及物动词。(1)Speak aloud so that everyone can follow you. ( )(2) Except for Japanese, he can also speak Spanish.( )(3)His father used to work hard to make much money. ( )(4)I intended to

19、 lie to him, but failed. ( )(5)Unfortuately, the driving test failed me. ( )2.在每一空格上填一恰当的介词。（1）I dont agree _you completely. I have my own opinion.(2) The dictionary is not Toms. It belongs _me.(3) Use your head, and you will think _some ways to solve the problem.(4) To improve my English, I work ha

20、rd _it.(5) Lood _the cloudy sky,. It is going to rain.句型三 主语+及物动词+宾语练习 划出以下句子的主、谓、宾部分如：Doing morning exercises benefits our health.（1）To master a foreign language helps us communicate with foreigners.（2）I doubt whether he will join us in the debate.（3）We missed going to college for that reason.（4）Wh

21、at he said touched me greatly.句型四 主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）讲解 （1）双宾语指直接宾语与间接宾语。一般地说，宾语指人为间接宾语，宾语指物为直接宾语。例如：My father bought me a car.（me为间接宾语，a car 为直接宾语）The singer sang us another song.（us为间接宾语，another song 为直接宾语） 练习 在每一空格上填一个恰当的介词。（1）Mother bought a birthday cake _me.(2) Give a second apple _her. She

22、 likes it.(3) The company will provide some drinks _ the volunteers.句型五 主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语+宾补）： 讲解 宾补是用来描述或说明宾语的动作、状态或特征。宾语是宾补的逻辑主语（暗含的主语）。宾补可由名词、代词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式（短语）、分词（短语）等来充当。例如：Tom made the baby laugh.（不带to的不定式laugh作补语）Tell him to follow the instructions. (不定式短语作宾补) They made Beijing the capital

23、of the PRC. (名词作宾补)We saw the old man crossing the street when we walked. (现在分词短语作宾补)I tried my best to make the lesson a lively one. (不定代词one 作宾补)What made you here? (副词作宾补)We found ourselves in great trouble. (介词短语作宾补)Dont leave the machine working all day long. (现在分词短语作宾补)一 练习 分析句子成分, S:主语 V: 谓语动

24、词 O: 宾语 A:状语, link. V: 系动词 P:表语二 并且表明主句和从句。1. She didnt tell him the truth.2. The company will send a representative to New York.3. You are right in some ways.4. He would pick up after a few days treatment in the hospital.5. Mary plays an important in that play.6. A person shouldnt be judged by appe

25、arance.7. I have learnt English for three years.8. I will be teaching at 10:00 p.m. tomorrow.9. I had left my bag at home when I arrived at school.10. The bus had already left by the time I went outside.11. I will have worked for 10 years by the year 2020.12. Teams have been organized by now.13. I a

26、m reading a novel now.14. The flowers are watered every day.15. I was the only person who was invited in his office.16. As we all know, smoking is harmful to ones health .17. I dont believe the reason (that/which) he gave me.18. If I have time, I will go shopping.19. I will tell him the good news as

27、 soon as I meet him.20. Although he is a child, he knows a lot.第二部分 改错In order realize his dream, Bill Gates gave up studying in Harvard University, that is the most famous in the world. He set up a company researching the computer software. As an old saying go, “Interest is the better teacher.” I q

28、uite agree with this idea. I began to be crazy about English when I was a little girl. I got very interesting in foreign cultures and customs. To meet me curiosity, I read English story every day. It seemed to be the best “meal” of a day. As for a result, I always did very well at English exams. Int

29、erest is the key to succeed.第三部分：语法填空（共25小题；每小题1分，满分25分）1. I _ (true) believe that the beauty comes from within.2. Some_ (passer-by) gave him a little money.3. Education is of great _ (important) to our countrys future.4. _ (disappoint) and angry, he left the room.5. The company was the first _ (produce) portable radios.6. The meeting _ (hold) next week is sure to be a great success.7. Thanks to _ technology, we live in a better world.8. Does the idea of living abroad _ (appeal) you?9. They have many pet