重庆市北大附中重庆实验学校高三英语《情态动词》复习课件

1、,情态动词 modal verbs,常用的情态动词,can （could） may（might） shall（should） will （would） must（must） dare （dared） need （need）,have to ought to be able to used to had better,表示说话人的语气或情绪 情态动词有一定的意义,但不完整 不能单独作谓语动词，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语 无人称和数的变化,在情态动词的使用中, 我们要注意以下考点:,1. 表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法。 2. 表示否定的情态动词的用法。 3. shall 和 will 的多种意义

2、的区别。 4. 情态动词短语的使用。 5.情态动词表示推测的使用。 6.虚拟语气中情态动词的使用。,表示能力: can, could, be able to *be able to 能用于各种时态。 can / could 只能表示现在或过去的能力。 *was / were able to : “设法做成某事” 相当于 managed to do sth. succeeded in doing sth.。,1. 表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法。,1. A computer _ think for itself; it must be told what to do. A. cant B. co

3、uldnt C. may not D. might not,2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to,A,D,3. They will _ run this machine on their own in three months. can B. could C. may D. be able to 4. That big cinema _ seat 2,000 people. A. can B. sho

4、uld C. ought to D. is able to,D,A,表示许可: may / might, can / could * might, could 比较委婉, 一般多用于疑问句. * can, may 表达的语言比较随便. * 在以could, might 表示征询对方意见 或表示请求时，回答应相应使用can, may.,5. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you _. A. might B. will C. can D. should 6. Might I watch TV after supper? Yes, yo

5、u _. A. may B. must C. might D. can,C,A,2. 表示否定的情态动词的用法: 部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点之一,mustnt neednt cant may not shouldnt,不准, 禁止 没必要 ( = dont have to ) 不能; 不可能 不可以; 可能不 不应该 ( = ought not to ),7. You _ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not 8. Jo

6、hnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. A. wont ; cant B. mustnt ; may C. shouldnt ; must D. cant ; shouldnt,C,B,9. -Will you stay for lunch? -Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me. A. I mustnt B. I cant C. I neednt D. I wont 10. -May I pick a flower in the garden? - _. A. No, you n

7、eednt B. Not, please. C. No, you mustnt D. No, you wont,B,C,情态动词：shall, will 的多种意义:,shall / will+ 动词原形:,* shall 可表示必须、命令、 警告或征询意见.,* will 可表示意愿、常出现的动作、在疑问句 中表示请求和建议.,* 均可表示将来。 过去时为 should, would.,3.,shall用在主语是第一和第三人称的疑问句中表示征求对方的允诺；,Shall I open the window? Shall he come in or wait outside?,will用在主语是

8、第二人称的疑问句中,表示“请求”,Would you pass the salt, please? Will you please pass the salt?,will用于主语是各人称的陈述句中,表示“意愿、倾向” -The phone is ringing. - Ill get it.,11. He _ be punished if he disobeys. 如果他不服从, 就要受到惩罚. 12. We are not going to quarrel at all if you _ only let me speak. 只要你让我说话, 我们根本就不会吵架. 13. -Sir, _ he

9、 go or stay? -Let him go. A. will B. shall C. might D. could,shall,will,B,14. The door _ open. 这门经常打不开. 15. Ronald _ stay in his small garden for a long time every day in the past. A. could B. might C. should D. would 16. You _ have the book after I read it. 我看完以后一定把这本书给你.,wont,D,shall,4. 情态动词短语的使用:

10、,would like to do would rather do would rather + sb.+ did sth. would prefer to do. had better do.,改错: 1. Would you like having some tea? 2. Id prefer going to the lecture this evening. 3. Id rather you to go to the meeting. 4. He would rather to die than to give in. 5. Youd better to have your hair

11、cut today.,Would you like to have some tea?,Id prefer to go to ., you went to .,He would rather die than give in.,Youd better have .,5.表示推测情态动词的重要用法.,1. You must be Mr Smith-I was told to expect you here. 2. He must have known what we wanted. 3. We may have read the same report. 4. He cant have slep

12、t through all that noise. 5. Theres someone outside-who can it be? 6. What can they be doing? 7. These pills might help to cure your disease. 8. You could be right, I suppose.,表示推测情态动词的重要用法.,肯定的推测 可能的推测 否定的推测 疑问的推测,must,对将来 对现在 对过去,情态动词,may, might could,cant, couldnt,can, could,+ V. + V. + have done

13、 常见must be + be doing,+ V. + V. + have done + be doing 可以用not表示“可能不”,+V. + V. + have done + be doing,+ V. + V. + have done + be doing,高考考题: 1. I thought you _like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A. may B. might C. would D. must 2. Where is my pen? I _it. A. might lose B. would h

14、ave lost C. should have lost D. must have lost 3. I didnt hear the phone. I _asleep. A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been,B,D,B,4. -There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well. -It _a comfortable journey A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt

15、have been D. couldnt have been 5. Its nearly seven oclock . Jack _be here at any moment. A. must B. need C. should D. could,D,D,不同的“肯定”程度可按下列层次排列： He is at home. (事实) He must be at home.（非常肯定的推断） He could be at home.（很可能） He ought to be at home.（很可能） He may be at home.（仅仅可能而已） He might be at home.（或

16、许, 非常不确定） He might not be at home.（也许不在家） He may not be at home. （比might可能） He couldnt be at home.（很可能不在家） He cant be at home.（一定不在家） He isnt at home.（事实）,6. 用于虚拟语气的情态动词:,should/ ought to have done shouldnt / oughtnt to have done might / could have done neednt have done,本应该做（但事实没做） 本来不应该做（但事实却做了） 本来

17、可以做（但事实没这样做） 本来不需要做（但事实却做了）,1. I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word. A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have left C. couldnt have left D. neednt leave 2. There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party. You _ come, but why didnt you? A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to have,B,D,3.I stayed at a hotel while in New York. -Oh