英语中考常考的语法知识点

1、中考语法知识点（非常重要）：一冠词1. an umbrella, an uncle, an unpleasant trip2. a uniform, a university, a unit, a UFO, a useful book3. an hour, an honest boy4. an “a”( e, f, h, i, l, m, n, o, r, s, x) , a “b”( c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z)5. a European country6. Childrens Day, May Day, the Spring Festival

2、 7. I lost the book I bought last week. Is it a black one?二名词1. 名词单复数: many sheep, few deer, several Japanese, a few geese, two mice； radios, photos2. 名词所有格: Tom and Marys father, Toms and Marys fathersthe key to the door, the answer to the question；Teachers Day, Mothers Dayten minutes walk, a five-

3、day holiday, five days holiday3. 不可数名词: weather、news、information、advice、music、fun、room(空间)、work (cf: a message, He likes reading newspapers) There is an orange on the table. two bottles of orange an orange dress4. 名词作定语: shoe shops, women doctors, men nurses, girl students5. three Englishmen, a few

4、Germans, many Americans6. a piece of bread a box of oranges a pair of shoesfour pieces of bread two boxes of oranges five pairs of shoes三数词: 1. thousands of, three hundred2. two thirds, three quarters, one fifth3. ninth, twelfth, fortieth4. in the 1860s/ 1860s (19世纪60年代), in her forties5. Bus No. 11

5、2, the second lesson, Lesson Two; the twenty-first century6. another two boys=two more boys四代词1. 人称代词: his, hers, mine: His watch is new. It isnt his. a friend of mine/ hers/ Li Mings2. 疑问代词: how soon-in; how often-seldom, twice a month;how long-(for); how many times-twice, four times3. what to do;

6、how to do it4. what没范围, which有范围5. all/both/none/neither/any/either的区别:Both of the twins are teachers, but neither of them likes teaching.All of the doctors have to learn French, but none of them likes it.There are many tall trees on the both sides of the road / river.(either side, each side)6. othe

7、r, the other, others, the others, another: someothers, (two)onethe other The shoes are nice, I want to buy another pair.7. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Dongguan.The students in Dongguan is better than those in Beijing.8. We found it interesting to learn English. 五介词1. be friendly to

8、, be strict with sb., be full of, be filled with2. in the morning, in the afternoon, in the eveningon a cold morning on a hot afternoon on the evening of June 22 on Christmas Day3. It looks nice on you. a woman with glasses, 4. Its nice of you to say so. Its necessary for us to remember more words.5

9、. Japan is to the east of China. Taiwan is in the southeast of China. Guangxi is on the west of Guangdong.6. walk across the bridge/ street; swim across the river go through the traffic lights/ forest/ jungle/ city7. All the students went to the park except John, because he was ill.I need 2 more stu

10、dents besides John to do the work.六 形容词和副词1. An elephant is (very, quite, so, too) big.2. A friend of mine is as heavy as me. He is not so/ as tall as her.3. much+比较级, much more+原形: He is much fatter that her. He is much more confident than her.4. 一些特殊的句型：1） Jim is the taller of the two (boys).2） Ou

11、r school is much (far/ still/ even/ a lot/a little) more beautiful than yours.3） The earlier, the better.4） When summer comes, the weather gets hotter and hotter.5） Today English is becoming more and more important.6） He is 2 kilos heavier than I.7） The weather in Guangzhou is always warmer than tha

12、t in Beijing.8） The students in our school are more than those in your school.9） Paris is one of the liveliest cities in the world.10) .The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.5. He is careful enough. He does everything carefully.6. the poor, the old, the rich, the dead, the young: The

13、 young are always energetic.七情态动词: 1. Must I?No, you neednt/ dont have to.2. I am not sure. It may3. must:交通规矩，规章制度； 表肯定猜测“一定”4. cant: 表猜测“肯定不是”：The lady over there cant be our teacher. She has gone to Shanghai.八连词： but, however, or(否则)， unless（除非）， notuntil九被动语态1. I wasnt told about this.2. The old

14、 should be spoken politely.3. She was taken to the hospital in time.4. 没有被动：happen, take place, 连词动词，belong to十. 现在完成时（注意用延续性动词）1. How long have you had the car? I bought it half a month ago.2. The film has been on for ten minutes.3. Sorry. The boss isnt here. He has gone to Guangzhou.4. So far, his

15、 father has been there many times.5. He has been in America for twenty years.6. The boy has learned six languages since two years ago.7. Guangdong has changed a lot in the past few years.十一. 主将从现: 主将 从现will/ be going to/ be doing if(如果) 祈使句（do, dont ） + as soon as + 一般现在时含情态动词 until/unless 现在完成时 whe

16、n/ before/ after1. I wont go to bed unless my homework is finished.2. Please tell me the truth if you know.3. We must wait if they are late.十二. 感叹句1. What an exciting football game we watched!2. What expensive houses!3. What beautiful music! What important information! 4. How funny the story is!十三.

17、非谓语动词1. tell/ask sb. (not) to do,2. see/watch/hear sb do, see/watch/hear sb doing3. make sb. (not)do； let sb. do4. have sth. done: My computer is broken. I want to have it repaired.5. youd better do /not do: Youd better not laugh at others.6. why not do sth.?十四. 定语从句先行词关系代词或副词人who(主宾)，whom(宾)，whose（

18、“谁的”）， that物which, that 只用that：all, anything, everything, somethingthe first, the ninth, the best, the most expensivethe only, the verythe person and the thing地点作状语where时间作状语when原因(the reason) why1. This is the place where he was born. 3. I cant forget the days when we studied together.2. This is th

19、e place that/ which he visited. 4. I cant forget the days that/ which we spent together.十五. there be: There will be, there is going to be, There is, isnt there?十六. 宾语从句:1. 陈述句语序2. 时态（注意真理）例外：Could you tell me when she will arrive?3. 连接词：that, if/whether(or not), what/how/which4. I dont know what hap

20、pened to him./ who broke the window/ whats wrong with him.十七. 反意疑问句1. Lets go boating, shall we? Dont play in the street, will you?2. Pass me some salt, will you? 3. The guests have to go, dont they? Hes read many books written by Luxun, hasnt he?4. 否定词：seldom, hardly, few, little, never, nothing, n

21、obody十八. 连系动词1. feel, smell, sound, taste, look; seem, stay, keep + adj2. 没有被动：The food tastes bad.十九. 主谓一致：1. 就近原则：Neither he nor I have been to the USA. Either she or I am going to study abroad.Not only his parents but also his sister is an engineer.There are some people and a dog on the beach. Th

22、ere is a dog and some people on the beach.2. 就远原则: with/ together with/ besides/ except/but(除之外)/ as well as/ including3. 金钱、距离、时间表单数：100 dollars is not enough.二十. 交际1. Would you mind my sitting beside you? 不介意：No, of course not. / Certainly not / Not at all.介意：Sorry, but /youd better not.2. 回答sorry

23、：Never mind. / it doesnt matter./ Not at all./Thats all right.3. 回答thank you：Its my pleasure. /Youre welcome./ Thats all right.4. Thats right. 那是对的。 All right. 好吧。 Youre right. 你是对的。Thats all right. 别人表歉意或谢意时可以用，意为没关系或不用谢二十一. 辨别：1. be made of /be made from /be made by sb. /be made in +地点be made of 由

24、制成(可看出原材料) The coat is made of silk. The desk is made of wood. be made from 由制成(不能看出原材料)Paper is made from bamboo.2.a number of a lot of +名词复数:A number of students are playing.the number of +名词: 的数量 (第三人称单数) The number of the students in our class is 56.3. sometimes 有时 sometime 某时 some times 几次 some

25、 time 一段时间4. so(否定：neither) +be/情态动词/助动词+主语 也是，也一样 so(否定：neither) +主语+be/情态动词/助动词 确实如此5. succeed(v.), successful(adj.), success(n. )6. die (v.), dead(adj.), death(n. ): He has been dead for ten years.7. ill/ sick: She is ill/ sick. a sick man8. so that / such that 句型 （so many people, so interesting

26、a boy=such an interesting boy）9. used to do 过去常常做某事be/get used to doing习惯做某事be used to do/ for doing 被用来做be used as 被用作10. It / Sth takes sb to do 花时间; Sth cost 花钱Sb spend +时间/钱+(in) doing sth/on sth; Sb pay for 付钱注意以下单词的拼写:自豪的ud语言n.language掉下来v.fall-fell-fallen真实的adj.true乱丢垃圾v.litter感觉v.feel

27、-felt-felt相信v.believe决定n.decision初中英语常用词组一,动词词组(包括短语动词),介词词组和其他词组(一)由be构成的词组1)be back/in/out 回来/在家/外出2)be at home/work 在家/上班3)be good at 善于,擅长于4)be careful of 当心,注意,仔细5)be covered with 被复盖6)be ready for 为作好准备7)be surprised (at) 对感到惊讶8)be interested in 对感到举9)be born 出生10)be on 在进行,在上演, (灯)亮着11)be abl

28、e to do sth. 能够做12)be afraid of (to do sth. that) 害怕(不敢做,恐怕)13)be angry with sb. 生(某人)的气14)be pleased (with) 对感到高兴(满意)15)be famous for 以而著名16)be strict in (with) (对工作,对人)严格要求17)be from 来自,什么地方人18)be hungry/thirsty/tired 饿了/渴了/累了19)be worried 担忧20)be (well) worth doing (非常)值得做21)be covered with 被所覆盖2

29、2)be in (great) need of (很)需要23)be in trouble 处于困境中24)be glad to do sth. 很高兴做25)be late for 迟到26)be made of (from) 由制成27)be satisfied with 对感到满意28)be free 空闲的,有空29)be (ill) in bed 卧病在床30)be busy doing (with) 忙于做(忙于)(二)由come,do,get,give,go,have,help,keep,make,look,put,set,send,take,turn,play等动词构成的词组1

30、)come back 回来2)come down 下来3)come in 进入,进来4)come on 快,走吧,跟我来5)come out出来6)come out of 从出来7)come up 上来8)come from 来自9)do ones lessons/homework 做功课/回家作业10)do more speaking/reading 多做口头练习/朗读11)do ones best 尽力12)do some shopping (cooking reading, cleaning)买东西(做饭菜,读点书,大扫除)13)do a good deed (good deeds)做一

31、件好事(做好事)14)do morning exercises 做早操15)do eye exercises 做眼保健操16)do well in 在某方面干得好17)get up 起身18)get everything ready 把一切都准备好19)get ready for (=be ready for) 为作好准备20)get on (well) with 与相处(融洽)21)get back 返回22)get rid of 除掉,去除23)get in 进入,收集24)get on/off 上/下车25)get to 到达26)get there 到达那里27)give sb. a

32、call 给打电话28)give a talk 作报告29)give a lecture (a piano concert)作讲座(举行钢琴音乐会)30)give back 归还,送回31)givesome advice on 给一些忠告32)give lessons to 给上课33)give in 屈服34)give up 放弃35)give sb. a chance 给一次机会36)give a message to 给一个口信37)go ahead 先走,向前走,去吧,干吧38)go to the cinema 看电影39)go to bed 睡觉(make the bed 整理床铺)

33、40)go to school (college) 上学(上大学)41)go to (the) hospital 去医院看病42)go over 过一遍,复习/ go over to 朝走去43)go fishing/skating/swimming/shopping 去钩鱼/滑冰/游泳/买东西44)go home (there) 回家去(去那儿)45)go round 顺便去,绕道走46)go up 上去47)go out for a walk 外出散步48)go on (doing) 继续(做)49)go on with ones work 继续某人的工作50)go upstairs/do

34、wnstairs 上/下楼51)(the lights) go out (灯)熄了52)have a lesson (lessons)/a meeting 上课/开会53)have a football match (basketball match) 举行一场足球(蓝球)赛54)have dictation 听见55)have a try 试一试56)have a good/wonderful time 玩得很高兴57)have a lecture (a piano concert) 听讲座(听钢琴音乐会)58)have a report (talk) on 听一个关于的报告59)have

35、a glass of water (a cup of tea) 喝一杯水,(一杯茶)60)have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭61)have a meal (three meals) 吃一顿饭(三餐饭)62)have a dinner 吃正餐63)have bread and milk for breakfast 早饭吃面包和牛奶64)have (have got) a headache 头痛65)have a fever 发烧66)have a cough (a cold) 咳嗽(感冒)67)have a look (at) 看一看68)have a r

36、est (a break) 休息一会儿(工间或课间休息)69)have a talk 谈话70)have a swim/walk 游泳/散步71)have sports 进行体育锻炼72)have a sports meet (meeting) 开运动会73)have something done 让人(请人)做74)have a test/an exam 测验/考试75)have an idea 有了个主意76)had better do sth. (not do sth.) 最好做(最好不要做)77)have a word with 与谈几句话78)help sb. with sth. h

37、elp sb. do sth. 在方面帮助 帮助做79)help oneself to some chicken/fish/meat 请随便吃点鸡/鱼/肉80)help each other 互相帮助81)keep up with 跟上,不落后于82)keep silent/quiet 保持沉默/安静83)keep sb. doing sth. 使一直做84)keep ones diary 记日记85)make a noise (a lot of noise, much noise, noises)吵闹(十分嘈杂,响声)86)make a living 谋生87)make sb. do sth

38、. 迫使某人做88)make faces (a face)做鬼89)make friends (with)与交朋友90)make a mistake (mistakes)犯错误91)make room/space for 给腾出地方92)make a sentence (sentences)with 用造句93)make a fire 生火94)be made from/of 由制成95)be made in 在地方制造96)look out of (outside) 往外看(看外面)97)look up a word (in the dictionary) 查字典98)look up 往上看

39、,仰望99)look after 照管,照看,照顾100)look for 寻找101)look like 看上去像102)look fine/well/tired/worried 看起来气色好/健康/疲劳/忧虑103)look out 当心,小心104)look on as 把当作看待105)look around 朝四周看106)look at 看着107)put on 穿上(衣服),戴上(帽子),上演(戏剧)108)put up 建造,搭起,挂起,举起,109)put into 使进入,输入110)put ones heart into 全神贯注于111)putdown 把放下112)p

40、utinto 把译成113)set up 竖起,建起114)set off 出发,动身115)set out 出发116)set an example for 为树立榜样117)send for 派人去请(叫)118)send out 放出,发出119)end up 把往上送,发射120)take ones advice 听从某人劝告121)take out 拿出,取出122)take down 拿下123)take place 发生124)take ones place 坐的座位,代替某人职务125)take the place of 代替126)take a walk/rest 散步/休息

41、127)take it easy 别紧张128)take sth. with sb. 随身带着129)take sb. to a park/London for ones holidays 带某人去公园/伦敦度假130)take care of 关心,照顾,保管131)take a look (a last look) at 看一看(最后看一眼)132)take an exam 参加考试133)take away 拿走134)take back 收回,带回135)take hold of 抓住136)take off 脱下(衣,帽,鞋等)拿掉137)take (an active) part

42、in (积极)参加(活动)138)take photos 拍照139)take some medicine 服药140)take a bus/train, boat/ 乘公共汽车,火车/船141)turn on 开,旋开(电灯,收音机等)142)turn off 关上(电灯,收音机等)143)turn in 交出,上交144)turninto 变成145)turn to 翻到,转向146)turn down (把音量)调低147)turnover 把翻过来148)play basketball 打篮球,football 踢足球,volleyball 打排球149)play games 做游戏1

43、50)play the piano (the violin) 弹钢琴(拉小提琴)151)play with snow 玩雪152)play a joke (on) 对开玩笑(三)由其他动词构成的词组153)think over 仔细考虑154)arrive at/in a place 到达某处155)eat up 吃完,吃光156)do well in 在干得好157)enjoy doing sth. like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 喜欢干某事158)find out 发现,查出(真相等)159)finish off 吃完,喝完160)stop doing sth. 停止做某事16

44、1)stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事162)hold a meting 举行会议163)hold up 举起164)hurry up 赶快,快点165)enter for 报名参加166)laugh at 嘲笑167)be used to 习惯于168)used to 过去常常169)wakeup 唤醒170)work out 算出171)sth happen to sb 某人发生某事172)sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事二,动词短语,介词短语和其他词组1)ask for 向要,请求2)ask for leave 请假3)send for 派人去请(叫)4

45、)pay for 付的款5)wait for 等候6)thank for 为感谢7)apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉8)look for 寻找9)leavefor 离开去10)fall off 跌落11)catch cold 着凉,伤风12)catch up with 赶上13)agree with sb. 赞成,同意某人的意见14)filledwith 把装满15)tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事16)talk about 谈论17)think about 考虑18)worry about 担忧19)look after 照料20)ru

46、n after 追赶,跟在后面跑21)read after 跟读22)smile at 对微笑23)knock at 敲(门,窗)24)shout at 对大喊(嚷)25)throw away 扔掉26)work hard at 努力做27)wait in line 排队等候28)changeinto 变成29)hurry into 匆忙进入30)run into 跑进31)hear of 听说32)think of 认为,考虑33)catch hold of 抓住34)instead of 代替35)hand in 交上来36)stay in bed 卧病在床37)hear from 收到来

47、信38)at once 立刻39)at last 最后40)at first 起先,首先41)at the age of 在岁时42)at the end of 在之末43)at the beginning of 在之初44)at the foot of 在脚下45)at the same time 同46)at night/noon 在夜里/中午47)with ones help 在某人的帮助下,由于某人的帮助48)with the help of 在的帮助下49)with a smile 面带笑容50)with ones own eyes 亲眼看见51)after a while 过了一会

48、儿52)from now on 从现在起53)from then on 从那时起54)far example 例如55)far away from 远离56)from morning till night 从早到晚57)by and by 不久58)by air mail 寄航空邮件59)by ordinary mail 寄平信60)by the way 顺便说61)by the window 在窗边62)by the end of 到底为止63)little by little 逐渐地64)in all 总共65)in fact 事实上66)in ones twenties 在某人二十几岁时

49、67)in a hurry 匆忙68)in the middle of 在中间69)in no time (in a minute) 立刻,很快70)in time (on time) 及时71)in public 公众,公开地72)in order to 为了73)in front of 在前面74)in the sun 在阳光下75)in the end 最后,终于76)in surprise 惊奇地77)in turn 依次78)of course 当然79)a bit (of) 有一点儿80)a lot of 许多81)on ones way to 某人在去的路上82)on foot

50、步行,走路83)a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告84)on the other hand 另一方面85)at/on the weekend 在周末86)on the left (right) 在左(右)边87)on the other side of 在另一边88)on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播)89)to ones joy 使高兴的是90)to ones surprise 使惊讶的是三,量词词组和其他词组(一)量词词组1)a bit 一点儿2)a few (of) 一些(可数),几个3)a little 一些(不可数)4)a lot of (lots of

51、) 许多5)a piece / slice of 一张(一片,块)6)a cup of 一茶怀7)a glass of 一玻璃杯8)a pile of (piles and piles of) 一堆(一堆堆的)9)a box of 一盒10)a copy of 一份,一本11)a bowl of 一碗12)a basket of 一篮13)a plate of 一盘14)a bottle of 一瓶15)a basin of 一脸盆16)a set of 一套17)a kind of 一种18)a type of 一种类型的19)a great deal of 非常多,大量的(不可数名词)20

52、)a large (great) number of 非常多,大量的(可数名词)21)a great many 大量,许多(可数名词)22)a different type of 一种不同型号的23)a group of 一队,一组,一群(二)其他词组1)all kinds of 各种各样的2)all over the world/the country 全世界/全国3)all over 遍及每一部分,浑身4)all ones life 一生5)one after another 顺次6)the Childrens Palace 少年宫7)day after day 日复一日8)up and

53、down 上上下下9)the day after tomorrow 后天10)the day before yesterday 前天11)the last/past two years (or so) 最近两年(左右)12)the whole country/the whole world 全国/全世界13)a moment ago 刚才14)just now/then 刚才/那15)half an hours walk 步行半小时的路程16)late on 过后,后来一,动词+介词1.agree with同意意见;符合;一致2.ask for请求;询问3.arrive at/in到达4.begin with以开始5.come from来自6.feel like想要7.fall b