Leacture 1 Description and reaction of a chart.pptVIP

1、The role of a chart or graph,A chart is a graphical representation of the data in a report. Displaying data as a chart is visually appealing and makes it easy for users to see comparisons, patterns, and trends in the data. For example, instead of having to analyze several columns of data in a table

2、or matrix report矩阵报表, you can see at a glance whether sales are decreasing or increasing over the past three quarters, or how year-to-date sales compare for the past three years.,The types of charts - Bar charts-are divided into columns.,Bars in two part Horizontal negative bars,The types of charts

3、-Vertical bars,A Pie Chart,A pie chart is a circle divided into segments. It is usually used to show percentages.,Graphs - line charts,A graph is a diagram, usually a line or curve, which shows how 2 or more sets of numbers or measurements are related.,A Table,A table is a set of facts and figures a

4、rranged in columns and rows. A table is a very useful way of organizing numerical information.,Bars Combined with tables,Bars Combined with line charts,BarsCombined with line graphs,BarsCombinedwith pies,How to describe trends.,Trends are the changes or movements in facts and figures over a period o

5、f time. We can use verbs, adjectives, nouns to describe trends. describe the trend,demonstrate your interpretation indicate reveal illustrate present show Downward movement (nouns or verbs decline decrease sink drop go down fall slide weaken lose ground take a fall slump take a sharp dip crash colla

6、pse plummet plunge,Downward and upward movement s(verb),Share prices plummeted to an all time low. Stock markets plunged at the news of Shares slid to a 10-year low. Unemployment has soared to 18% Share prices surged / increased suddenly,Upward movement (verbs),increase climb soar surge jump rocket

7、rally / recover gain strengthen rise grow go up improve shoot mount go through the roof hit amount to /reach acsend level up(down),Stability (verb),Remain the same / unchanged / stable Flatten out stop growing stay stable,constant hold steady,even out stabilize - to stabilize prices level off - Sale

8、s have levelled off after a period of rapid growth. recover plateau out Unemployment has at last plateaued out.,Up and Down Low / high Points,fluctuate Bottom out zig-zag Reach a low flutter Peak undulate Hit be on the rise be on the decline,Up and Down Low / high Points,Oil prices fluctuated betwee

9、n $20 and $40 a barrel. Unemployment peaked at 17%. Sales bottomed out in May. (stopped getting worse),Other verbs,account for represent ( 20%) make up constitute ( one third) the rate rose to 25%, then came a sharp increase / steep decline,Ajctive and adverbs used to specify the degree of change,Sl

10、ow-ly slight gradual Steadily rapid dramatic massiveheavily sudden Sharp disastrous smoothly perilous / dangerous drastically (the number is ) alarming , minimal rise overwhelming (majority) moderately mildly abruptly,Sales rose steadily over the year.,Sales rose gradually through the year.,Sales re

11、mained the same.,Sales stayed almost the same till May and increased sharply from June to the end of the year,Sales bottomed out in May.,Sales peaked in June.,Sales of our products increased sharply to reach a peak of 100 units, after which sales fell slightly and then stabilized over the last few m

12、onths at the lower number of 85 units.,How to describe - our product sales?,Sales of our products had been on a gradual rise before reaching a plateau of 65 units and then falling slightly to 50 units in the last few months.,How to describe?,Sales of our products had fallen drastically during the fi

13、rst half of 2010 until finally hitting a low point of 10 units, after which sales rose slightly to 20 units.,How to describe?,For the first half of 2010,sales of our products were relatively unstable especially compared to the last half of the year in which sales remained constant at 50 units sold p

14、er month.,How to describe?,Sales of our products had been on a steady decline over the year, dropping from 90 units at the beginning of the year to 20 units at the close.,How to describe?,Common expression (single line graph),For the first three quarters, sales of our products remained the same at 4

15、0 units sold. It was only in the last quarter that sales increased rapidly to an all-time high of 110 units.,How to describe?,Sales of our products had remained stable at 80 units sold during the first nine months of the year until dropping considerably to 30 units sold in the final quarter.,How to

16、describe?,Sales of our products dipped slightly during the middle of 2010,from 55 to 40 units sold. This dip fully recovered by the final quarter though, with final sales at 55 units sold.,How to describe?,How to describe double line graph?,How to describe difference: 1、A fell sharply whereas/while

17、B remained steady 2、A fell quickly compared to B 3、Unlike B, A rose by 4、A rose far more dramatically than B,How to describe similarity: 1、Bothrose sharply in 2、Neitherhas made a yet 3、Like A, B fell in 4、A rose just as sharply as B,Writing task: Description, Analysis + conclusion,-10.3,22.5,The lin

18、e chart shows the change of economic growth rate in Nantong, Jiangsu Province from 1987 to 2006.It can be seen from the chart that the economic growth rate was relatively unstable for the first nine years especially compared to the last nine years in which it remained constant. During 1987 and 1996, it fluctuated between -10.3% and 22.5%.It fell drastically at 1988 until finally hitting a low point of -10.