高三英语：状语从句

1、状语从句,Adverbial clauses,定义： 在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。,准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。,同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。,状语从句一般分为九大类,状语从句类别:,时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 目的状语从句 结果状语从句 条件状语从句 方式状语从句 比较状语从句 让步状语从句,1.时间状语从句：,引导时间状语从句的连词有：,when, while, as, the moment, before, after, till, until, since, as soon as

2、 等。,请注意 when, while, as 的区别,When -当时候, 通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与从句的动作同时发生。,When I opened the window, I saw him come up.,When I have time , I will go to see you.,When I came home, I met an old schoolmate of mine.,He said he would tell her about it when he saw her.,*注意：在时间状语从句中，主从句都是将来的动作或状态时，习惯上主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时

3、。,When - 正在的时候，突然。通常主句是进行时或 be about to 时，在翻译的时候，when 可以译成没想到或突然。,I was walking along the street , when I met him.,I was about to fall asleep when my sister came in.,One evening, little Hans was sitting near the fire when he heard a loud knock at the door.,When 当从句是进行时，主句是一般时，往往表示不满。,Someone knocked

4、 at the door when I was having breakfast.,When I was leaving the house, the postman arrived.,When the children had gone to bed, she began to prepare her lessons.,When=after,While -在期间，往往指一段时间。,While we were in America, we saw him twice.,While we were talking, he came in.,Strike while the iron is hot

5、.,While -表示一种不满情绪，意思是这边在干某种重要的事，而另一边在享受等。,We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing the football.,The soldier faces the powder while the beauty powder the face.,While I am washing the floor, you can be cleaning the windows.,As - 一边一边, 随着,She was doing her homework as she was listening to

6、the music.,As she grew older, she became more beautiful.,As - 当时，指一个动作紧接着一个动作发生，从句通常用进行时。,As I was going out, it began to rain.,I saw Mary as she was going on the bus.,As he was eating his breakfast, he heard someone knock at the door.,Someone patted me on the shoulder as I was standing before the s

7、hop window.,The moment - 一就 =as soon as , immediately,-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?,-Yes, I gave her the moment I saw her.,Not until - 直到才,He didnt leave the office until he finished the work.,=He left the office when he finished the work.,Not until 可以和 when 互换,Before - 在之前,

8、The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs.,Did you work as a stewardess before you come to this company?,It was not long before I forgot it all.,(It was /will be before 是常用句型),He ran off before I could stop him.,After - 在 之后,The customer left the ticket counter af

9、ter he had a quarrel with the ticket agent.,The plane took off after the air traffic controller gave clearance.,Since -自从, 通常主句用现在完成时,I have never been there again since I graduated from the university.,The captain has traveled almost everywhere in the world since he became a pilot.,It is just a wee

10、k since we arrived here.,(It is /has been since是常用句型）,As soon as - 一就,Jack went to school as soon as he got well.,Ill ring you up as soon as I get an answer from him.,No sooner than - 一就,No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.,no sooner than 用于句首要求倒装,Hardly when,Scarcely when,Once you see

11、him, you will never forget him.,Once - 一但就,Every time, each time 每次whenever 每当,Each time he came to town, he would visit our school.,Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.,2.条件状语从句,引导状语从句的连接词有:,If, unless, as long as, in case, provided that, on condition that,If -如果,If you dont hur

12、ry up, you will miss the plane.,If it snows tomorrow, the flight will be canceled.,If you leave at 6 oclock tomorrow morning, youd better get to bed now.,Unless - 如果不, 除非=if not,We cant get there on time unless we book the earliest flight,= We cannot get there on time if we dont book the earliest fl

13、ight.,Dont trouble trouble unless trouble troubles you.,He will not join us unless he changes his mind.,As long as - 只要,We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.,You cant play games as long as you remember the rules.,A man is not old as long as he is seeking something.,As (so) far as - 据所知,As fa

14、r as I know, he speaks English very well.,As/So far as I know, he is an expert on DNA.,In case - 假使, 如果,The plane cannot take off in case it rains.,Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.,Provided that 如果,有时省略 that,The plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of care

15、fully.,You can become a stewardess provided that you are in good shape and you have got the proper education.,On condition that - 条件是,He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.,The mother promised to the son to buy him a toy airplane on condition that he p

16、asses his English test.,注:主从句的动作发生在将来时，则主句用将来时, 从句用一般现在时。,If he arrives tomorrow, I will be waiting for him at the airport.,He said he would not leave unless it was fine next day.,3.地点状语从句,地点状语从句只有两个连词:,Where, wherever,Where - 在地方,Put the medicine where you can easily get it.,Where that high buildin

17、g stands, there used to be some low, deserted houses.,Where there is a will, there is a way.,Wherever - 无论哪里,He follows her wherever she goes.,Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you.,4.原因状语从句,because, as, since, now that, 和considering that, seeing that 这六个连词都用于表示表示原因, 但在语气上一个比一个弱.,B

18、ecause - 因为,通常从句放在主句后.,Mr Smith was very upset because he couldnt find his luggage.,He said that he couldnt work because the computer was out of order.,I succeed because I willed it, I never hesitated.,I do it because I like it.,As - 因为, 通常放在句首,As it is quite windy today, he decides,As he is honest

19、and modest, all his friends like him.,Since -既然 因语气较弱, 常译为既然,Since everybody has come, we can set off.,Since the purser didnt tell us what to do, we can relax.,Now that - 既然,Now that you are here, you can join us.,Now that all airlines offer discount prices, we should do the same.,considering that -

20、 顾及到,Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.,seeing that - 由于,Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.,5.结果状语从句,引导结果状语从句的连词有：,that, so that, sothat suchthat,So that - 太以至于 so 后面应用形容词或副词, 有时省略so只用that,Boeing 747 is so large th

21、at people like to call it jet bomb.,The flight scheduled so early that nobody wanted to look on it.,So that - 因而，以便，为了 有时so 可以省去,Can you move your luggage a little bit away so that I can put mine in the overhead bin too.,Speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you.,When you skin

22、your customers, you should leave some skin on to grow so that you can skin them again.,Such that -太以至于 用法与sothat相同，但such 后面应用名词。,The foreign visitor was such a fast speaker that nobody could understand him.,The Canadian airlines hangar is such a huge building that it can hold two medium-range jets a

23、t the same time.,6.目的状语从句,引导目的状语从句的主要连词有:,that, so that, in order that, for fear that, lest,Lets take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly.,(So) that - 以便, 从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等,in order that - 为了, 与so that 相同从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等,Scho

24、ol was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.,for fear that - 生怕; 为了防止(某事发生),He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.,The instructor emphasized on the issue three times for fear that the students did not pay enough attention to the problem.,in case

25、- 万一,Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.,You should bring a dictionary in case you need it.,Please take an umbrella in case it rains.,Lest - 以防万一,The man decided to tell his boss the fact lest he would be angry with him.,The manager of the workshop asked his staff to work overtime

26、lest they wouldnt finish the task on time.,7.比较状语从句,引导比较状语从句的连词有：,Asas, not so (as)as, . than, the more the more.,Asas - 像一样,If you dont want to miss the flight, you need to be at the airport as early as possible.,My grandma told me that her eyesight was as good as 10 years before.,Cultivation to th

27、e mind is as necessary as food for the body.,Not so (as) as - 不像,The job is not so difficult as I thought it would be.,The flight was not so/as harmful as the captain predicted.,than -比怎么样，用于事物间的比较，more 后面用形容词或副词,People believe that being a stewardess is better than most of the other jobs.,I persona

28、lly think that the American movies are more interesting than Chinese ones,A beautiful form is better than a beautiful face; a beautiful behavior (is) than a beautiful form.,The more, the more - 越 越,The more he listened to that song, the less he enjoyed it.,The more things a man is ashamed of, the mo

29、re respectable he is.,8.让步状语从句,引导让步状语从句的连词有：,Although, though, as, even if, even though, no matter, however, whatever, while, whether,Although, though -虽然 although 和though 可以互换，但although 常放在句首。Though可以用于倒装。,Although it was raining, the plane managed to take off.,Although it was not his fault, he too

30、k all the blame.,Though he did his best, he didnt succeed.,Child though he was, he did quite well.,As - 尽管 as 引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装。可与though 互换。,Busy as he is, he never misses a football match.,Hard as she works, she makes little progress.,Even if /even though -即使,Even if you dont like your boss, you sho

31、uld do your work.,Even if you are not fond of flowers, you shouldnt miss the chrysanthemum exhibition.,Even though I might be wrong, I will go my way.,Even though his dean didnt mean it, he still felt embarrassed.,However - 不论， however 引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装,He couldnt get there on time however fast he dr

32、ove.,The father couldnt make his daughter smile however hard he tried.,N o matter (what, when, where, how) -无论（什么，何时，何地，怎样）,The old man wouldnt believe anything no matter what you said.,Please tell me the result no matter when you get it.,He wouldnt forgive me no matter how hard I begged him.,I will

33、 find you no matter where you hide.,Whatever - 不管,Whatever other people may say, she wont change her mind.,Whatever you do, it wont affect our plan.,While -尽管,While I have sympathy for you, I cant help you.,While its none of my business, I will watch you.,Whether -不管，常与or not 连用,Whether he is good o

34、r not, the company decided to send him abroad.,Whether his proposal is practical or not, the department plans to adopt.,9. 方式状语从句,方式状语从句常由:,as, as if, as though,as -与 一样,Do in Rome as the Romans do.,Leave things as they are.,as if, as though - 仿佛, 由as if或 as though引导的从句中可用虚拟语气,She stood at the door

35、as if (=as though) she were waiting for someone.,1._ you decide to take up, you should try to make it a success. A. If B. Whenever C. Unless D. Whatever,2.It is foolish to take a taxi you can easily walk to the station. A. before B. that C. unless D. when,3.Ill accept any job, _ I dont have to get u

36、p early. A. even though B. though C. in case D. as long as,4._ problems you have, you can always come to me for help. A. What B. Whatever C. Whichever D. Which,5. _ much advice I gave him, he did exactly what he wanted to do. A. How B. Whatever C. However D. No matter,6.-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? - Yes. I gave it to her _ I saw her. A. while B. the moment C.suddenly D. once,7. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great it is. A. what B. how C. however D. whatever,8.I hurrie