第二章讲授解析.ppt

1、英语写作，水平1基础写作 Fundamental Writing,Unit 2 Does Free Writing Really Mean Free? 绝对自由,Classroom management,In this class, we are going to do four things Watch an interesting priming courseware In Secret Garden Professors lecture Classroom discussion Task description,An interesting priming courseware,Now

2、let us watch an interesting priming courseware so that we can move to Professors Lecture more smoothly In Secret Garden,Major points in Professors Lecture,In this lecture, we are going to talk about the following two things All work & no play makes Jack a dull boy How to write happily Lecture on fre

3、e writing Introduction Problems & solutions,How to write happily,English writing is everyones headache. A key point we have here is how to make fun out of it: 如何“寓教于乐”? We believe that happy writing can be one of possible solutions（快乐写作，良药一方）. Hence, we encourage happy writing in our class.,How to w

4、rite happily,Some important features for happy writing（快乐写作要旨） You wont feel happy before you have freedom（心灵自由，是获得精神愉悦的前提所在） You wont be free before you know your business（技艺高超，是抵达自由王国的必须条件） You wont know your business without good training（良好训练，是实现学业专精的可靠保障）,Lecture on free writing,Introduction Fr

5、ee writing, however, does not mean that you are completely free in your writing practice. There are some rules and principles you need to follow even if you have a free writing task. The first thing we should know from this unit is: Free writing is not completely ”free” at all （自由写作，亦有其道）.,Lecture o

6、n free writing,The biggest difference between “free writing” and “guided writing” can be regarded as the degrees of freedom（自由程度）you may have in each case. In the first case, you are given a topic and required to write something about it. In the latter case, you are completely free to choose a topic

7、 of your own. The good thing about this training is that you can choose any of your favorite things（个人喜爱内容）as your topic.,Lecture on free writing,In fact, no matter what type of writing you are working on, there are 3 important factors you may need to consider: What is your focus（焦点问题）? Who is your

8、potential reader（读者对象）? What is your structural organization（篇章结构）?,Lecture on free writing,Problems & solutions Historically, we have got much from rhetoric（修辞学）. In fact, many methods we are using in our writing classes do not come from nothing（不是凭空而来）. They are closely related to the study of mod

9、ern rhetoric. This relationship can even be traced back to the ancient Roman times（追溯到古罗马时代）when classic rhetoric began to develop.,Lecture on free writing,Later on, a trivium syllabus（三位一体学科大纲）became very popular in Europe. As far as the teaching of foreign languages is concerned, the following thr

10、ee subjects received much emphasis in schools and universities of that time: Logic（逻辑） Rhetoric（修辞） Grammar（文法）,Lecture on free writing,The reasons for these requirements are simple and practical: Logic reasoning（逻辑推理）will make your thought clear and reasonable. Knowledge in rhetoric can make your l

11、anguage powerful（雄辩有力）, elegant（典雅有致）, and persuasive（说服力强）. Some training in grammar can help you express your mind in a better way.,Lecture on free writing,If you relate our writing training to these brilliant ideas, you will soon realize why we emphasize things such as focus, potential reader & s

12、tructural organization in our class. Reasoning in this way, you may say that in free writing, we are free only in choosing a focus and our freedom is no more than that.,Lecture on free writing,Moreover, when you write in English, you have to pay attention to some mechanical things （技巧性问题）as well. Mo

13、st of these things are about language use. So you have to watch out for your grammar, your spelling, and your choice of words.,Classroom discussion,Here are some suggested questions for you to think about What types of writing do you generally have in your writing class? Which one do you like the mo

14、st? Name at least three features that make free writing different from guided writing? In the future, if you have a choice, which writing task do you want to have in your writing class, free writing or guided writing?,Task description,In a free writing class like this, you have three alternatives an

15、d you may choose any of them. If you are interested in free writing, think about the main points introduced in Professors Lecture and write a paper about free writing. If you have a more interesting topic to write about, you are encouraged to write anything you like. If you feel uncertain about the above two choices, then you may forget about the current writing task and read some interesting sample pieces in your textbook.,Summary,In