国际交流英语视听说B4U4

,Unit,4,TraditionandProgress,Book4,ThinkandDiscuss,ViewingtheWorld,ExploringtheTheme,AnalyticalListening,SharingYourIdeas,Engaging,FurtherListening,Content,ThinkandDiscuss,Unit4TraditionandProgress,Questions,AmaninAlaskausesalaptopcomputerwhilesittingonasnowbank.,1.Whatisinterestingorsurprisingaboutthisphoto?2.Whatdoesthewordprogressmeantoyou?3.Whattraditionsareimportanttoyou?Whatwouldhappenifthesetraditionsdisappeared?,ExampleAnswersItsinterestingthatamaninaveryremoteplaceisusingmoderntechnology.Itssurprisingthatheseemsquitecomfortableinsuchacold,outdoorsetting.,Questions,1.Whatisinterestingorsurprisingaboutthisphoto?,ExampleAnswersTome,thewordprogressmeansmovingforwardorimproving.Itmightrefertotechnologicalprogress,forexample,moreandmorepeoplehaveInternetaccess;politicalprogress,forexample,agovernmentisbecominglesscorruptandmorejust;orperhapspersonalprogress,forexample,someoneisbecomingmoreeducatedorgettingabetterjob.,Questions,2.Whatdoesthewordprogressmeantoyou?,ExampleAnswersSomeoftheChineseculturaltraditionslikecelebratingtheChineseNewYearandtheMoonFestivalinautumnareimportanttome.Ifthesetraditionsdisappeared,Iwouldntfeelasfull.Iwouldmissfeelingconnectedtomyfamilyandmyculture.,Questions,3.Whattraditionsareimportanttoyou?Whatwouldhappenifthesetraditionsdisappeared?,ExploringtheTheme,Unit4TraditionandProgress,TraditionandProgress,hunter-gatherern.（依靠打猎捕鱼和采集果实为生的）狩猎采集者monasteryn.寺院,A|Lookatthephotosandreadthecaptions.Thendiscussthequestions.,AteenagerlearnstoplayanewsportbasketballnearhishomeinBatsumber,Mongolia.,TraditionandProgress,FemaleweaversworkinChinchero,Peru.Theweaverskeeptheirtraditionalweavingskillsalivebyusingtheminamodernwaytoearnmoneytosupporttheirfamiliesandtheirtown.,TraditionandProgress,TheHadzapeopleofTanzaniaareoneofthelasthunter-gatherergroupsonEarth.Today,theirtraditionalwayoflifeischanging.,TraditionandProgress,AwomaninKyoto,Japanshopsforfoodalongwithherhelper,atalkingrobot.,TraditionandProgress,AmonktalksonacellphoneatamonasteryinIndia.,TraditionandProgress,Discussthequestions.1.Whichofthesephotosdoyoufindthemostinteresting?Why?2.Whywouldpeoplewanttokeeptheirtraditions?3.Howdoyouthinklifehaschangedforthesepeopleoverthelast10years?,TraditionandProgress,ExampleAnswers1IfindthelargephotothemostinterestingbecausebasketballisnotatraditionalsportinMongolia.Theydonthavetheproperequipment,buttheyhavefoundawaytoenjoythegame.,TraditionandProgress,1.Whichofthesephotosdoyoufindthemostinteresting?Why?,ExampleAnswers2IfindthephotoofthewomeninPeruthemostinterestingbecausetheyarewearingcolorfulandunusualclothing.IfindthephotooftheHadzapeoplethemostinterestingbecauseeventhoughtheyappeartoliveinadryclimate,theyfindenoughfoodtoliveon.,TraditionandProgress,1.Whichofthesephotosdoyoufindthemostinteresting?Why?,ExampleAnswers3IfindthephotofromJapanthemostinterestingbecauseitfeaturesarobotthatappearstobehelpingpeopletodotheirgroceryshopping.,TraditionandProgress,1.Whichofthesephotosdoyoufindthemostinteresting?Why?,IfindthephotoofthemonkinIndiathemostinterestingbecauseeventhoughheisinaveryremoteplace,heisabletouseacellphonetocommunicate.,ExampleAnswersPeoplemightwanttokeeptheirtraditionsbecausethosetraditionsconnectthemtotheirancestorsaswellastheplaceswheretheylive.Sometraditions,suchasholidaycelebrations,arealsoveryenjoyable,sopeoplekeepthembecausetheyrealotoffun.,TraditionandProgress,2.Whywouldpeoplewanttokeeptheirtraditions?,ExampleAnswersForthepeopleinthephotos,lifehasprobablychangedinseveraldifferentwaysoverthelast10years.Forsome,theirtraditionsmaybedifficulttokeep.Forexample,theHadzapeopleliveinaveryoldway,anditmayhavebecomemoreandmoredifficulttokeeptheirwayoflifeduetochangesoftheenvironment.,TraditionandProgress,3.Howdoyouthinklifehaschangedforthesepeopleoverthelast10years?,Tobecontinued,ExampleAnswers(continued)Forotherpeople,forexampletheonesinMongolia,Peru,andIndia,internationalcultureandtechnologyhaveenteredtheirlives.InmoredevelopedcountriessuchasJapan,theroleofhigh-techhasbeguntoplayanincreasinglygreaterroleinpeopleslives.,TraditionandProgress,3.Howdoyouthinklifehaschangedforthesepeopleoverthelast10years?,AnalyticalListening,Unit4TraditionandProgress,Listening1,TheflagofBhutan,BhutanFastFactsPopulation:722,000(2012)Capital:ThimphuArea:14,824squaremiles(38,394squarekilometers),Listening1,ChildrenplayvideogamesinaThimphucaf.,Listening1,Sompel颂佩尔（人名）monarchyn.君主制pillarn.非常重要的部分transitionv.过渡，转变anticipatev.预期，预料,A|PredictingContent.LookattheflagofBhutanandreadtheinformationaboutBhutan.Thenanswerthequestionswithapartner.,Listening1,1.WhatimagedoyouseeonBhutansflag?Whatdoyouthinkitmeans?2.DoyouthinkBhutanisamoderncountry?3.BhutanistryingtomeasureitsGrossNationalHappiness.Whatdoyouthinkthisphrasemeans?,Listening1,ExampleAnswersOnBhutansflag,Icanseeadragononabackgroundoftwocolorsyellowandorange.Thecolorsaredivideddiagonallydownthemiddle.Theflagmaysymbolizetwoaspectsofthecountrythathaveequalimportance,whilethedragonisanimportantmythicalcreatureinmanyAsiancountries,1.WhatimagedoyouseeonBhutansflag?Whatdoyouthinkitmeans?,Listening1,ExampleAnswersIthinkBhutanisamoderncountrybecauseIheardthatitsgovernmenthasprogressivepoliciesthatimprovethewell-beingofitscitizens.IdontthinkBhutanisamoderncountrybecauseitdoesnthaveanybigcities,anditdoesntplayanimportantroleinworldaffairs.,2.DoyouthinkBhutanisamoderncountry?,Listening1,ExampleAnswersGrossNationalHappinessremindsmeofthephraseGrossNationalProduct(GNP),whichmeasuresthesizeofacountryseconomy.Sosimilarly,maybeGrossNationalHappinessmeasureshowmuchhappinessallofBhutanesepeoplecangetfromtheirlives.,3.BhutanistryingtomeasureitsGrossNationalHappiness.Whatdoyouthinkthisphrasemeans?,A|ListeningforMainIdeas.Readthequestionsandanswerchoices.ThenlistentoastudentspresentationaboutthecountryofBhutanandchoosethecorrectanswers.,AStudentPresentation,Listening1,WhydidBhutanrejectthemodernworld?a.Becauseusingtechnologywasagainstthelaw.b.Becausethegovernmentwantedtoavoidnegativeinfluences.c.Becausethepeoplebelievedtheydidntneedanytechnology.,b,A|ListeningforMainIdeas.,Listening1,2.WhatgovernmentchangeishappeninginBhutan?a.Bhutanismovingtowarddemocracy.b.Bhutanisbecominganabsolutemonarchy.c.Thekingistakingawaymanyofthepeoplespowers.3.WhydoesSompelsaythatculturalpreservationisachallengeforBhutan?a.Becausehalfofitspopulationisundertheageof30.b.BecausemanypeopleinBhutancantreadorwrite.c.BecauseBhutanproducesmoviesaboutculturalissues.,a,a,A|ListeningforMainIdeas.,Listening1,4.WhatisSompelsattitudeaboutBhutansfuture?a.Itisconfusingtohim.b.Itmakeshimfeelsad.c.Heishopeful.,c,Listening1,B|CompletinganIdeaMap.Listentopartofthepresentationagain.Completetheideamapwithinformationfromthepresentation.,good,development,environmental,cultural,king,country,68percent,forests,TVchannels,harmful,Listening1,CriticalThinking.Formagroupwithanotherpairofstudents.Discussthequestions.,1.DoyouthinkthatthedecisiontoopenupBhutantothemodernworldwasacorrectdecision?Whyorwhynot?2.BhutanesepeoplewereabletowatchTVforthefirsttimein1999.Ifithadbeenyourdecisiontomake,whichtelevisionprogramswouldhavebeenshownfirst?Whichoneswouldhavebeenshownlaterornotatall?Givereasonsforyourdecisions.3.Whatdoesagovernmenthavetodotomakesureitscitizensarehappy?Brainstormsomeideaswithyourgroup.,Listening1,ExampleAnswers1IdothinkthedecisiontoopenupBhutantothemodernworldwasagooddecisionbecausenowthecountryhasbettereducation,communication,andartsthanithadbefore.,1.DoyouthinkthatthedecisiontoopenupBhutantothemodernworldwasacorrectdecision?Whyorwhynot?,Listening1,ExampleAnswers2IdontthinkthedecisiontoopenupBhutantothemodernworldwasagooddecisionbecausenowBhutanhasproblemsitdidnothavebefore,includinggangs,crime,anddrugs.,1.DoyouthinkthatthedecisiontoopenupBhutantothemodernworldwasacorrectdecision?Whyorwhynot?,Listening1,ExampleAnswersIfIhadmadethedecisiononwhichTVprogramswouldbeshownfirstinBhutan,Iwouldhavechoseneducationalshowssuchasthenews,natureprograms,andhistoricalprograms.Thesewouldhavebeenimportantfordecreasingthecountrysisolationandimprovingtheknowledgeofitscitizens.,2.BhutanesepeoplewereabletowatchTVforthefirsttimein1999.Ifithadbeenyourdecisiontomake,whichtelevisionprogramswouldhavebeenshownfirst?Whichoneswouldhavebeenshownlaterornotatall?Givereasonsforyourdecisions.,Tobecontinued,Listening1,ExampleAnswers(continued)AndifIhadmadethedecisiononwhichTVprogramswouldbeshownlaterornotatallinBhutan,Iwouldhavechosenprogramsthatusemurderandothercrimesforentertainmentpurposes.InanisolatedcountrysuchasBhutan,viewersmightnothavehadenoughknowledgeofthemediatodismissthatkindofsubjectmatterasfictional.,2.BhutanesepeoplewereabletowatchTVforthefirsttimein1999.Ifithadbeenyourdecisiontomake,whichtelevisionprogramswouldhavebeenshownfirst?Whichoneswouldhavebeenshownlaterornotatall?Givereasonsforyourdecisions.,Listening1,ExampleAnswersThingsagovernmentcandotoinsureitscitizensarehappyincludemakingsureeveryonecanmakeenoughmoneytomeettheirbasicneedsandgetgoodmedicalcarewhentheyresick,havingadequatetransportationandcommunicationsystemstoallowpeopletoparticipateinthemodernworld,3.Whatdoesagovernmenthavetodotomakesureitscitizensarehappy?Brainstormsomeideaswithyourgroup.,Tobecontinued,Listening1,ExampleAnswers(continued)andprotectingtheenvironmentsothatpeoplehavecleanairtobreatheandcleanwatertodrink.,3.Whatdoesagovernmenthavetodotomakesureitscitizensarehappy?Brainstormsomeideaswithyourgroup.,AStudentPresentationTeacher:OK,class,letsgetstartedwiththefirstpresentation.SompelhaspreparedashortpresentationabouthishomecountryofBhutan.Goahead,Sompel.,Tobecontinued,Listening1,Sompel:Thanks.Um,hi,everybody!YouknowthatmynameisSompel,butyoumaynotknowthatImfromBhutan.BhutanisasmallcountryhighintheHimalayaMountainsbetweenIndiaandChina.Inourlanguage,BhutanisknownasDrukYul,whichinEnglishisland,landofthethunderdragon.Thedragonisevendisplayedonourflag.Formanyyears,mycountrywasisolatedfromtheworld,partlyduetoitsgeographyitssurroundedbyhighmountainsbutalsobecauseofgovernmentpolicies.,Tobecontinued,Listening1,Ourgovernmenthadalwaysbeena,anabsolutemonarchy,Imean,governmentheadedbyakingwithunlimitedpower.Anyway,untilveryrecently,Bhutanhadnoelectricity,nocarsortrucks,notelephones,andnopostalservice.YoumaybesurprisedtolearnthatinBhutanpeoplehaveonlyhadtelevisionsince1999.ItwasthelastcountryonEarthtogetit.Youmaybewondering:WhydidBhutanrejectthemodernworldforsolong?,Tobecontinued,Listening1,Well,thegovernmentwastryingtoprotectthepeoplefromnegativeinfluencessuchashighcrimerates,youthviolence,andpollution.Butthekinghasadmittedthatthepolicyofisolationhadmanynegativeconsequences.Forexample,theeducationsystemdefinitelyfellbehind.Somepeopleneverlearnedtoreadandwrite.Then,oneofourkingsbeganopeningupBhutantotheoutsideworld,andourcurrentkinghascontinuedtheprocess.Therearenewroads,schools,andhealthclinics.Thekingdoesntwanttoopenupthecountryallatoncetotheoutsideworldandriskruiningit.Hewantsourcountrysdevelopmenttobeguidedby,nowletmethink,oh,yes,GrossNationalHappiness.,Tobecontinued,Listening1,Teacher:Sompel,sorrytointerrupt,beforeyoucontinue,couldyoudefineGrossNationalHappinessfortheclass,please?Sompel:Um,sure.HowshouldIputit?Well,youveprobablyheardofGrossNationalProduct,whichisaphrasethatreferstothedollarvalueofallthegoodsandservicesproducedbyacountryoveraperiodoftime.Itsonewayofmeasuringacountryssuccess.ButGrossNationalHappinessisdifferent.Actually,oneofourkingsinventedthephraseGrossNationalHappiness.,Tobecontinued,Listening1,ItstheapproachthecountrytakestothedomesticdevelopmentofBhutantohelpmakesurethatthepeoplearealwayshappywiththeirlivesandwiththecountry.Therearefourparts,um,four“pillars”,tothisapproach:goodgovernment,sustainabledevelopment,environmentalprotection,andculturalpreservation.So,forgoodgovernment,thekingputstheneedsofthecountryfirst.Infact,eventhoughthepeoplelovehim,hegaveawaymostofhispowertothepeoplein2006.,Listening1,Tobecontinued,Thatswhenthecountrytransitionedtodemocracy.Thekingstillhasanimportantrole,buthenolongerhasabsolutepower.Realpowerbelongstothepeopleandtheofficialsthatweelect.Sustainabledevelopmentmeansthatwehelpourcountrygrowwithoutdamagingtheenvironment.Andthepillarofenvironmentalprotectioniscloselyrelatedtosustainabledevelopment,too.AgricultureisveryimportantinBhutan,andwearetryingtofindnewwaystofarmwithouthurtingtheenvironment.,Listening1,Tobecontinued,Also,thegovernmentwantstokeep68percentofthelandcoveredinforests.Culturalpreservationthelastpillarisachallengethough.HalfofBhutanspopulationisintheirtwentiesoryounger,andthegovernmentanticipatesthatsomeyoungpeoplewillgetinvolvedwithgangs,crime,ordrugs,forexample.Thegovernmenthasbannedtelevisionchannelsthattheythinkareharmful.Evenso,youthgangsaregrowing.Theft,whichwasnotverycommonbefore,isalsorising.Ontheotherhand,thereisapositivesidetoallofthechanges.,Listening1,Tobecontinued,InamountainouscountrysuchasBhutan,communicationtechnologiesforinstance,mobilephonesandtheInternetallowpeopletocommunicatemoreeasilythaneverbefore.Anditseemsthattheartsarereallymovingahead.TwentyyearsagoBhutanhadneverproducedamovie,butthesedaysweproduceover20ayear.AndsomemovieshaveevendisplayedthedifficultiesthatBhutanhashadwiththechallengesofthemodernworld.Thesetypesofmoviesareimportant.Theycanhelpusexplorethecontradictionsthathavecomewithourchangingculture.,Listening1,Tobecontinued,Teacher:Sompel,howdoyouviewBhutansfuture?Sompel:WellImhopefulaboutBhutansfuture,andImgladthattheapproachofGrossNationalHappinessishelpingtomakesurethatwedontloseourbeautifulenvironmentandthebestpartsofourancientculture.,Listening1,Sompel:Um,sure.HowshouldIputit?Well,youveprobablyheardofGrossNationalProduct,whichisaphrasethatreferstothedollarvalueofallthegoodsandservicesproducedbyacountryoveraperiodoftime.Itsonewayofmeasuringacountryssuccess.ButGrossNationalHappinessisdifferent.Actually,oneofourkingsinventedthephraseGrossNationalHappiness.ItstheapproachthecountrytakestothedomesticdevelopmentofBhutantohelpmakesurethatthepeoplearealwayshappywiththeirlivesandwiththecountry.,Listening1,Tobecontinued,Therearefourparts,um,four“pillars”,tothisapproach:goodgovernment,sustainabledevelopment,environmentalprotection,andculturalpreservation.So,forgoodgovernment,thekingputstheneedsofthecountryfirst.Infact,eventhoughthepeoplelovehim,hegaveawaymostofhispowertothepeoplein2006.Thatswhenthecountrytransitionedtodemocracy.Thekingstillhasanimportantrole,buthenolongerhasabsolutepower.Realpowerbelongstothepeopleandtheofficialsthatweelect.Sustainabledevelopmentmeansthatwehelpourcountrygrowwithoutdamagingtheenvironment.Andthepillarofenvironmentalprotectioniscloselyrelatedtosustainabledevelopment,too.,Listening1,Tobecontinued,AgricultureisveryimportantinBhutan,andwearetryingtofindnewwaystofarmwithouthurtingtheenvironment.Also,thegovernmentwantstokeep68percentofthelandcoveredinforests.Culturalpreservationthelastpillarisachallengethough.HalfofBhutanspopulationisintheirtwentiesoryounger,andthegovernmentanticipatesthatsomeyoungpeoplewillgetinvolvedwithgangs,crime,ordrugs,forexample.Thegovernmenthasbannedtelevisionchannelsthattheythinkareharmful.Evenso,youthgangsaregrowing.Theft,whichwasnotverycommonbefore,isalsorising.,Listening1,Tobecontinued,Ontheotherhand,thereisapositivesidetoallofthechanges.InamountainouscountrysuchasBhutan,communicationtechnologiesforinstance,mobilephonesandtheInternetallowpeopletocommunicatemoreeasilythaneverbefore.Anditseemsthattheartsarereallymovingahead.TwentyyearsagoBhutanhadneverproducedamovie,butthesedaysweproduceover20ayear.AndsomemovieshaveevendisplayedthedifficultiesthatBhutanhashadwiththechallengesofthemodernworld.Thesetypesofmoviesareimportant.Theycanhelpusexplorethecontradictionsthathavecomewithourchangingculture.,Listening1,Listening2,highlightv.强调redwoodn.红杉（生长在俄勒冈州和加利福尼亚州）,Listening2,NativeAmericans:atermforthemanyethnicgroupswholivedintheU.S.beforeexplorersandsettlersarrivedfromEurope.EarlyEuropeanexplorersmistakenlycalledthemIndians,andthisnameisstillusedbysomepeople.Therearemanydifferentgroupsandlanguages,manyofwhichsurviveinsomeforminthepresentday.美洲土著居民,Listening2,InterTribalSinkyoneWilderness:anareaoflandintheU.S.stateofCaliforniawhichwasestablishedin1997andplacedunderthecontroloftheSinkyoneethnicgroupofNativeAmericans跨部落辛克湾原野,Listening2,Seminolepeople:anethnicgroupofNativeAmericanpeoplewholiveintheU.S.statesofFloridaandOklahoma塞米诺尔人,Listening2,BigCypressSwamp:alargeswampintheU.S.stateofFlorida.Itishometoawidevarietyofplantsandanimals,includingorchids,alligators,venomous(有毒的)snakes,bears,panthers,andawidevarietyofbirds.大赛普里斯沼泽,Listening2,NativeAmericangroupsweartraditionalclothingatacelebration.,Listening2,TheInterTribalSinkyoneWildernessarea,PredictingContent.YouaregoingtolistentoastudygroupdiscussionaboutNativeAmericans.Workwithapartnerandanswerthequestions.,Listening2,1.HowmanyNativeAmericansdoyouthinkthereareintheUnitedStates?2.WhatspecificaspectsdoyouthinktheywilldiscussaboutNativeAmericans?,ExampleAnswersIguesslessthanfivepercentofthepopulationintheUnitedStatesisNativeAmerican.SincethetotalpopulationoftheU.S.isaround300million,thatwouldbearound15millionNativeAmericans.(Note:Accordingtothe2010census,aroundfivemillionpeopleintheU.S.identifiedthemselvesasNativeAmericans,solessthantwopercentofthetotalpopulation.),Listening2,1.HowmanyNativeAmericansdoyouthinkthereareintheUnitedStates?,ExampleAnswersThestudygroupwillprobablydiscussaspectsoftraditionalNativeAmericancultureaswellastheirviewsontheenvironment.,Listening2,2.WhatspecificaspectsdoyouthinktheywilldiscussaboutNativeAmericans?,AStudyGroupDiscussionA|ListeningforMainIdeas.Readthequestionsandanswerchoices.Thenlistentothegroupdiscussionandchoosethecorrectanswers.,Listening2,1.Whatisthemaintopicofthediscussion?a.ThepoorconditionofNativeAmericanreservations.b.HowNativeAmericansarerestoringtheirlandstotheiroriginalcondition.c.ConflictsoverlandownershipbetweenNativeAmericansandEuropeanAmericans.,b,A|ListeningforMain