北师大高一英语被动语态语法

Grammar 被动语态 1.被动语态常用时态的形式1)主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。现列表如下： 一般现在时：am / is / are +done 一般过去时：was / were +done 一般将来时：shall / will +be+done 过去将来时： should / would +be+ done 现在进行时： am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时： was / were + being + done 现在完成时： have / has + been + done 过去完成时： had + been + done eg. 1) His clothes are washed every week.2) My bike was repaired yesterday.3) The question _ at our next meeting. 这个问题将在下次会议上讨论。4) John said he _ unless he finished his homework in time. John 说如果他不能按时完成作业，他将会被惩罚。5) The car _ (by the driver) now. 那辆车正在被修理。6) Mr. Zhang _ in the hospital this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候Mr. Zhang在接受手术。7) Everything _ to make the work easier. 所有的事情都做了来让工作更容易。8) The secretary said that the report had been prepared.2) 情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词 +be+ done eg. First aid is the science of giving medical care to a person before a doctor can be found.3) get + done 这种结构多用于口语中，后面一般不接by短语eg. To my surprise, he did not get hurt when he fell from the tree.4)短语动词的被动语态 动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在变被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词 eg. 1) The price has been brought down. 2) A notice will be put up on the wall.2. 被动语态的用法：1）不确定谁是动作的执行者或没有必要之名动作的执行者。 1) Rice is grown in the south of the United States.2) 需要强调或突出动作的承受着或事件本身。如需要说出动作的执行者，用by短语。 1) Trees were being planted here this time last year. 2) The cup was broken by Paul.3) 在文章标题，广告，新闻中。 1) Girls wanted. 招聘女工 2) Millions of pounds worth of damage has been caused by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. 昨晚一场横扫英国北部的暴风雨造成了几百万英镑的损失。3. 主动形式表被动意义的情况： 某些感官动词和系动词加形容词可以表示被动意义，如look,smell,taste,feel,prove, wear,sound等。eg. 1）The flower smells sweet.花闻起来很香。2）The dish tastes delicious.菜吃起来非常可口。3）The cloth feels very soft.这种布摸着很柔软。某些及物动词后加副词也可以表示被动意义，如wash,write,sell,read,open,cut,clean, tear等。eg.1）This type of record sells well.这种型号的录音机销路很好。2）That kind of shirt washes very well.这种衬衫很经洗。3）Nylon dries quickly.尼龙织物干得快。want,need,require 和be worth等词的后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。eg.1）The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。 2）The coat requires mending.大衣需要补了。 The coat requires to be mended. 3）My hair wants cutting.我的头发该剪了。 My hair wants to be cut. 4）The children need looking after.孩子们需要照看。 The children need to be looked after.某些作表语的形容词后（difficult, easy, interesting, pleasant, fit, important, heavy等），用不定 式主动形式表示被动意义。eg.1) The fish is not fit to eat.这种鱼不适于食用。2) This kind of man is hard to work with.这种人很难共事。3) The passage is difficult to read.这篇文章很难读懂。 介词in, on, under等+名词构成的介词短语表示被动意义。 eg. 1) The house facing the lake is in the possession of Jim. The house facing the lake is possessed by Jim.2) A lot of shoes are on show. A lot of shoes are being shownExercises:1. You can see the house _ for years.A. isnt painted B. hasnt painted C, hasnt been painted D. hadnt painted2. In some parts of the world, tea with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served3. This film is really worth _. A.seeing B. to see C. see D. be seen4. She _ for what she has done. A. ought to praise B. ought to praised C. ought be praised D. ought to be praised. 5. That book is difficult _.A. to be understand B. to be understanding C. to have been understood D. to understand6. His new book _ next month. A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published 7. Can such a thing _ happening again?A. prevent from B. prevented from C. be prevented from D. to prevent from8. The police found that the house _ and a lot of things _.A. has broken into ; has been stolen B. had broken into; had been stolenC.has been broken into; stolen D. had been broken into; stolen9. The question is easy _. A. to answer B. to be answered C. to be answering D. to have answered10. - Have you moved into the new house? - Not yet. The rooms _.A.are being painted B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painting11. If city noises _ from increasing, people _ shout to be heard even at the dinner table. A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept ; have to C. do not keep; will have to D. do not keep ; have to12. I need one more stamp before my collection_.A.had completed B. completes C. has completed D. is completed 13. The boy deserves _for what he did. A. punishing B. punished C. be punished D. to punish14. -_ the sports meet might be put off. -Yes, it all depends on the weather.A. Ive been told B. Ive told C. Im told D. I told15. The maths problem _ among the students soon.A. is about to be discuss B. is going to be discussed C. is to discuss D. is to be discuss16. - Harry ! You _ on the phone. -Oh, _. Thank you.A. are wanted ; I come B. are wanted; Im coming C. are being wanted ; I come D. are being wanted; Im coming17. My watch cant work, it _. A. need repairing B. needs repairing C. needs be repaired D. needs to repair18. My watch _ while I was playing basketball. A. get breaking B. get broke C. get broken D. breaking19. I feel it is your husband who _for the spoiled child. A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame20. We didnt expect our offer _ so quickly. A. to be rejected B. to reject C. rejecting D. rejected21. The new books are of great use. They _ well and _ already. A. sell; have been sold out B. sold; had sold out C. sell; sell out D. sold; have sold out22. -Do you like the material? - Yes, it _ very soft. A. is feeling B. is felt C. felt D. feels23. Have you any homework _ this evening? A. to be done B. to do C. doing D. done24. The child needs _ to school and _. A. to go; to educate B. going; to educate C. to go; educating D. going; educating25. -Why was Tom put into prison? - Because he had been caught_. A. to steal B. stole C. stealing D. steal26. He will stop showing off, if no notice _ to him. A. takes B. has taken C. is taken D. will take自助餐： On their wedding (婚礼) day, a young Japanese farmer decided to give his wife a present. The present was a mirror, and it made his wife very 16 because shed never seen her reflection (映像) before 17 in the waters of a pond or stream. When she looked in the mirror and saw her lovely 18, the young woman laughed with 19. The farmer was joyful, too. He knew he was lucky to have such a beautiful 20.After a few years, the young wife gave birth to a baby girl. But the birth was 21 and the young woman died. The farmer felt 22 sad that he put all of his wifes things 23 in a box, including (包括) her 24 mirror.The mirror 25 in the box for many years.The daughter 26, and with each year she 27 more and more like her mother. One day, her father took her to a quiet garden and 28 her about her mother and the mirror she so loved. The girl was so 29 what her father said that she could not contain (克制) herself. She dug into (找出) her mothers old things and 30 the mirror. She 31 the mirror in front of her face and looked 32 into it: “Father, father, come here,” she 33 . “It is mother. Her face is in the mirror.” The face in the mirror was the girls face, 34 her father didnt say a word. He could not 35. Tears were streaming down his face.16. A. scaredB. proud C. happy D. sad17. A. near B. except C. betwe