初中被动语态讲解课件

-,1,被动语态,-,2,语态：表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。,主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。如：ManystudentsstudyEnglish.(主动语态)Englishisstudiedbymanystudents.(被动语态),语态,-,3,Suchbooksarewrittenforchildren.这些书是为儿童写的。,被动语态的用法,（1）当不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时,Itssaid/reported/+that据说/据报道Itsreportedthatitwillraintomorrow.据报道，明天会下雨。,（2）强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。,ThecupwasbrokenbyDavid.,（3）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型.,-,4,1.一般现在时的被动语态结构：,is/are+过去分词,CarsaremadeinChina.,Thedeskismadeofwood.,Englishistaughtinourschool.,如何由主动语态变成被动语态呢？,-,5,bymanystudents.,1.ManystudentsstudyEnglish.,English,isstudied,2.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.,Shoes,aremade,bythem,inthatfactory.,1.一般现在时的被动语态结构：,is/are+过去分词,-,6,1.将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。,2.将主动语态的谓语动词由主动变为被动,3.将主动语态的主语变为被动语态中介词by的宾语放在谓动词之后,运用一下吧,-,7,TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.,FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.,ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.,Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.,ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing.,-,8,1.Theyboughtacomputerlastterm,bythemlastterm.,2.一般过去时的被动语态结构：,was/were+过去分词,lastyear.,2.Weplantedmanytreeslastyear.,Manytrees,wereplanted,Acomputer,wasbought,-,9,Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedtheroomsforresting.,Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.,Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.,Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.,Theroomswereusedforrestingbythem.,-,10,3.一般将来时的被动语态结构：,begoingtobe/willbe+过去分词,1.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.,bythemintendays.,Thework,willbefinished,2.Tomisgoingtocleantheroomtomorrow.,Theroom,isgoingtobecleaned,byTomtomorrow.,-,11,Wewillheldasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Theheadmasterisgoingtogiveatalkthisafternoon.,Asportsmeetingwillbeheldbyusnextweek.,Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschooltomorrow.,Atalkisgoingtobegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.,-,12,4.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：,can/may/must/should+be+过去分词,1.AmycantakegoodcareofGina,byAmy.,Gina,canbetakengoodcareof,2.Youshoulddrinkmorewater.,Morewater,shouldbedrunk,byyou.,-,13,1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.,Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.,ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.,Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.,Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.,-,14,5.现在进行时的被动语态的结构,is/am/are+being过去分词,1.Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow,bysomeworkersnow.,Therooms,arebeingpainted,2.HeiswatchingTV.,TV,isbeingwatched,byhim.,-,15,6.现在完成时的被动语态的结构,have/hasbeen过去分词,1.Wehavemadeakey,byus.,Akey,hasbeenmade,2.Wehavefinishedourcompositions.,Ourcompositions,havebeenfinished,byus.,-,16,Thepassivevoice,被动语态,英语中动词有主动语态和被动语态两种语态.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,在被动语态中动作的执行者有时用by短语表示出来.,被动语态的构成:,助动词be+(及物动词的)过去分词,一般现在时,一般过去时,-,17,一般将来时shall/will+be+done过去将来时would/should+be+done现在进行时am/is/are+being+done过去进行时was/were+being+done现在完成时have/has+been+done过去完成时had+been+done,-,18,被动语态的几种类型,1.带双宾语句子的被动语态.一般把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，则另一个不动。如把直接宾语变为被动语态的主语则需在间宾前加for或to,如：1.Hegavemeabook.Iwasgivenabookbyhim.AbookwasgiventomebyTom.2.Iboughthimabook.Hewasboughtabookbyme.Abookwasbuoghtforhimbyme.,-,19,Theytakegoodcareofmychild.Iturnedofftheradio.,2.含有短语的主动语态变被动语态,-Mychildistakengoodcareof.,-Theradiowasturnedoff(byme).,-,20,即hear,watch,see,make,let,这些词在变被动句时必须加to.,1.IsawhimplaybasketballlastSunday.,He,wasseen,toplaybasketballlastSunday.,2.Thebossmakeshimworkfor10hours.,He,ismade,toworkfor10hours.,3.在主动语态中省去to在变为被动语态时应补出来,-,21,4.主动结构表被动含义,1）look.smell.sound.feel.taste等作连系动词用时，主动形式表被动意义。,Eg.棉花摸起来很柔软。,Cottonfeelssoft.,这老妇人看起来焦急。,Theoldwomanlooksworried.,2)write.read.sellwashopen.lock等常和表示行为方式的状语连用表达效果和程度时常用主动表被动。,-,22,EgThispenwriteswell.这笔很好用。,这书很畅销,Thisbooksellswell.,3)动词need,want,require（需要）等接动名词作宾语构成主动结构表被动含义,Eg他的鞋需要修理。,Hisshoesneededmending.,-,23,填空（完成被动语态填空）1.Theyoftencleantheirclassroomafterschool.（改为被动语态）Theirclassroom_often_bythemafterschool.2.LiLeigaveTomanewpenlastweek.（同上）Anewpen_Tomlastweek.,is,cleaned,wasgivenby,Practice,-,24,3.AlotofpeopleinChinacanspeakEnglishnow.（同上）English_byalotofpeopleinChinanow.4.IhavelearnedEnglishforabouttwoyears.（同上）English_forabouttwoyears.5.Theywillreadthesestory-booksnextmonth.（同上）Thesestory-books_nextmonth.,canbespoken,hasbeenlearned,willberead,-,25,5.Doyouliketheskirt?It_soft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt6.Areyoustillhere?Youwerehereanhourago.Who_for?A.areyouwaitingB.didyouwaitC.wereyouwaitingD.doyouwait,7._toknowProfessorZhang.A.HesaidB.IsaidC.HeissaidD.Itsays8.Iwanttositatthetablenearthewindow.Sorry,_already.A.ittookB.ittakesC.itistakingD.ithasbeentaken,-,26,9.Theletter_threedaysagoandit_yesterday.A.hadpost,hadarrivedB.wasposted,arrivedC.posted,arrivedD.hadbeenposted,wasarrived10.Hetoldmethatthefinalexamination_nextThursday.A.isgivenB.willbegivenC.wouldhavegivenD.wouldbegiven,11.Water_intoice.A.willchangedB.mustbechangedC.shouldchangeD.canbechanged12.Thebirds_flyawaylastSaturday.A.lettoB.islettoC.wasletD.wereletto,-,27,13.Astrangesound_yesterdayevening.A.washeardB.hearsC.heardD.isheard14.Abeautifulbike_himbyhisclassmates.A.senttoB.willsenttoC.wassenttoD.willbesentfor,15.MissChen_just_tospeakatthemeeting.A.hasbeenaskedB.hasbeenaskedC.HavebeenaskedD.havebeenasked16.Meat_outinthisshop.Wecan_now.A.havebeensold,getnothingB.hasbeensold,getnothingC.hasbeensold,getsomeD.havebeensold,getsome,-,28,to:pass,give,show,bringfor:make,buy,draw,-,29,17.Thenewplay_intheatrenow.Whydontyougoinandseeit?A.isbeingshownB.isshowingC.isshownD.shows18.Canyoutell_?A.whendidithappenB.whenwasithappenedC.whenithappenedD.whenitwashappened,19._thejob_byLucyorbyJohn?A.HasfinishedB.Hasbei