人教版英语必修五-unit1-同步练习

.Unit 1 Great scientists. 单项选择，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案完成句子1. The doctor suggested that the girl _ in order to lose weight. A. must not eat less B. ought not to eat less C. had better not eat less D. not eat less2. The little boy came back to life _ he took the medicine given by Doctor Snow. A. at onceB. immediatelyC. at lastD. shortly3. A statue of Dr Bethune was set up in honour of the contributions he had made _. A. to help our revolutionary work B. in help our revolutionary work C. to saving so many lives in the war D. for having saved so many lives in the war4. A special team was sent to Shandong Province to look into the cause of the train accident. And the investigation showed that high speed _. A. was to be blamed B. was to blame C. should blame D. had to blame5. Who is _ the patient?Maybe his sister. A. taking careB. looking for C. joining in D. attending on6. His report about the disaster was not believable. He didnt really go to the spot; instead, he _ the whole story. A. thought upB. set up C. made up D. put up7. It will do harm to your health if you get _ to the X-ray too much. A. exposedB. linking C. linked D. exposing8. Many people _ buying goods in this supermarket for its bad service. A. refusedB. rejectedC. resistedD. removed9. Finally, things were under _ after days of the earthquakes. A. controlB. chargeC. peaceD. disorder10. From his _ face, we could tell how thrilling the movie was. A. being terrified B. terrifyingC. having terrifiedD. terrified11. He told me about the things _ at the meeting yesterday. A. discussed B. to be disscussed C. to discuss D. being discussed 12. How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?The key the problem is to meet the damand by the customers. A. to solving; making B. to solving; made C. to solve; making D. to solve; made 13. Im very with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. Mm, it does have a smell. A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasant14. Its a pleasure to watch the face of a(n) baby. A. asleep B. sleep C. sleeping D. slept 15. This is a temple during the Qing Dynasty. A. built B. to be built C. having built D. being built . 用括号中所给词汇的正确形式完成下列句子1. John Snow told the story about the _ (astonish) people in Broad Street.2. Dont drink _ (pollute) water, because it may cause diseases.3. Some of the people _ (invite) to the party couldnt come.4. There is a car _ (park) outside the house.5. We were _ (inspire) by the _ (inspire) news.6.Why are you looking so _ (disappoint)?7.He has been teaching for ten years. He is an _ (experience) teacher.8. From the stomach, the disease attacked the body quickly and soon the _ (affect) person was dead. 9. His success is somewhat _ (link) to his hard work.10. The manager prefers reading the newspaper _ (deliver) to his office before setting about work. 根据所给的汉语提示及重点词语，将下列汉语译成英语1. 这种新药已经治愈了数以万计人的天花，这说明它是有效的。(cure, prove) _2.昨晚半夜起来看球导致现在他在课堂上睡觉。 (lead) _3. 面对失败，哭泣没有任何用。(use) _4. 不要总把失败归咎于他人。有时该怪自己。(blame) _5. 他们正在全神贯注地看电影。(absorb) _. 完形填空A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full 1 of the facts he observes. He doesnt accept ideas which are not 2 on facts, and therefore refuses to accept authority（权威）as the only reason for truth. He always 3 ideas carefully and makes experiments to prove them.The rise of 4 science may perhaps be considered to 5 as far back as the 6 of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who lived between the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the Middle Ages to suggest that we should learn science 7 observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself 8 many important discoveries.Galileo, however, who lived more than 300 years later, was the greatest of several great men, 9 lived in Italy, France, Germany, or England, began by 10 to show how many important 11 could be discovered by observation. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more 12 towards the earth than small ones, because Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the 13 of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two 14 stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It was Galileos 15 of going direct to Nature, and proving our opinions and theories by experiment, that has led to all the discoveries of modern science.1. A. useB. timeC. speedD. trust2. A. workedB. basedC. livedD. written3. A. thinksB. checksC. hasD. learn4. A. naturalB. physicalC. ancientD. modern5. A. dateB. keepC. lookD. take6. A. studyB. timeC. yearD. birth7. A. inB. withC. onD. by8. A. didB. madeC. tookD. gave9. A. whoB. whenC. thatD. where10. A. waysB. degreesC. levelsD. chance11. A. truthsB. problemsC. peopleD. subjects12. A. slowlyB. rapidlyC. lightlyD. heavily13. A. placeB. footC. topD. ceiling14. A. bigB. smallC. equalD. unequal15. A. spiritB. skillC. theoryD. discovery.阅读理解，根据短文内容选择正确答案（A）Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany on Mar. 14, 1879. Einsteins parents moved from Ulm to Munich when Einstein was still a baby. The family business was the manufacture of electrical parts. When the business failed, in 1894, the family moved to Milan, Italy. At this time Einstein decided officially to give up his German citizenship. Within a year, still without having completed secondary school（中学）, Einstein failed an examination that would have allowed him to continue with a course of study leading to a diploma（文凭）as an electrical engineer at the Swiss Federal Institue of Technology. He spent the next year in nearby Aarau at a secondary school, where he enjoyed excellent teachers and first-rate facilities（设备）in physics. Einstein returned in 1896 to the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, where he graduated, in 1900 as a secondary school teacher of mathematics and physics. After two years he got a post at the Swiss patent （专利）office in Bern. The patent office work required Einsteins careful attention, but while employed（19021909）there, he completed an astonishing range of publications in theoretical physics. For the most part these texts were written in his spare time and without the benefit of close contact（接触）with either the scientific literature or theoretician colleagues. Einstein submitted one of his scientific papers to the University of Zurich for a PhD degree in 1905. In 1908 he sent a second paper to the University of Bern and became a lecturer there. The next year Einstein received a regular appointment as associate professor of physics at the University of Zurich. By 1909, Einstein was recognized throughout German-speaking Europe as a leading scientific thinker.1. Which of the following shows the right order of the events that happened to Einstein? a. graduated from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology b. moved to Milan c. got a post at the Swiss patent office in Bern d. worked in the University of Zurich e. studied at a secondary school in Aarau f. gave up his German citizenship A. c, b, a, e, d, f B . a, b, f, e, d, c C. b, f, e, a, d, c D. b, f, e, a, c, d 2. How many countries did Einstein stay in before he became successful? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. 3. What did Einstein do when he was in the patent office? A. He paid little attention to his work.B. He wrote plenty of scientific works. C. He kept close contact with his friends. D. He read a lot of physics books. 4. Which of the following do you think played the most important role in Einsteins success? A. His school year in the secondary school in Aarau. B. His years in the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. C. His years in the Swiss patent office. D. His PhD degree. （B）Allison Schwartz from Connecticut：Marie Curie is my hero because she shows determination, and that if you keep at your goal you will get what you want. She was an inventor and a scientist. She discovered radium and she invented the first mobile X-ray machine so that soldiers could be X-rayed in the field when they were hurt. I thought it was neat（极好的）that she was the first woman to receive the Nobel Prize for science. Sebastian Robbins from Washington:Someone who failed at something and moved beyond it. For me, it was Albert Einstein. When I heard that he failed algebra（代数）, I knew we had a connection. When I heard at age nine he spoke hesitantly（吞吞吐吐的）, I knew I had arrived. I didnt let the facts dissuade（劝阻）me. In reality he never failed math but he did fail in the entrance exam to the Polytechnic Institute of Zurich; that was enough for me. I had to walk home with my share of papers that had “have your mother call me” written in red on part of the paper. I would periodically think of the words from his “gymnasium” (high school) teacher in Munich, “Your mere presence here undermines （破坏）the class respect for me.”Rachel Kern from New Mexico:I am a senior at the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, majoring in chemistry with a minor（主修）in environmental science. I am interested in many environmental issues, including alternative（替代性的）energy. I really admire scientists such as Linus Pauling, Rachel Carson, and Albert Einstein who did not separate their private beliefs from their work. They combined their scientific knowledge with their moral（道德的）and ethical（伦理的）beliefs to educate others on environmental, political, and social issues. Owen Paine from New Jersey I admire Einstein. Okay, I admire it; Im an Einstein groupie. Some mornings I even have his hair. I have Einstein calendars, coffee mugs, posters, neckties, T-shirts, biographies（传纪）and even a life size soft sculpture（雕刻）of him sitting in my office. I have everything Einsteinium except his problem solving skills. 5. Why does Allison Schwartz admire Madame Curie? A. For her determination. B. For her scientific discovery. C. For her scientific invention. D. For the Nobel Prize she won. 6. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Einstein according to Sebastian Robbins? A. He was not good at algebra at school. B. He was a boy of slow speech. C. He failed the entrance exam to the Polytechnic Institute of Zurich. D. His gymnasium teacher in Munich liked him.7. Rachel Kern admires scientists . A. who did not separate their private beliefs from their work B. who combined their life with their work C. who educated others on environmental, political, and social issues D. who studied environmental issues, including alternative energy8. The underlined word “groupie” most probably means . A. fan B. friend C. relative D. copier 9. What can we learn about Owen Paine? A. He collects Einsteins hair. B. He likes to have Einsteins hair style sometimes. C. He has some of Einsteins T-shirts. D. He has a stone sculpture of Einstein. . 书面表达假如你为学校黑板报写稿介绍诺贝尔（Alfred Nobel），请根据以下提示写一篇图文并茂的短文。身份：科学家，发明家，商人个性：孤独，谦虚，害羞，不愿告诉别人自己的想法和感情工作：精力充沛，沉迷科学和生意，日夜研究、工作生活：生活俭朴，经常拒绝官方宴请兴趣：对文学感兴趣，写剧本、小说、诗歌，但都没有发表梦想：服务人类，设立“诺贝尔奖”奖励那些对人类做出杰出贡献的人注意：1. 词数120左右（开头已写好）。 2. 衔接连贯自然。 3. 参考词汇：absorb, apart from, in addition to, contribution literature 文学 modest 谦虚的 What do you know about Alfred Nobel, Founder of the Nobel Prizes?Alfred Nobel was born on October 21, 1833. His father was an engineer in Stockholm, Sweden. _参考答案. 单项选择，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案完成句子1. D 解析：suggest接宾语从句时表示“建议”，从句中应该用“should + 动词原形”表示虚拟，should可以省略。2. B 解析：immediately相当于连词，表示“一就”，后接时间状语从句。3. C 解析：make contributions to sth / doing sth为做贡献。4. B 解析：sb / sth is to blame 某人/某事物应受责备。 5. D 解析：attend on / upon / to 伺候，看护，照料。与take care of和look after为近义词。6. C 解析：think up想出。set up创设。make up编造。put up张贴。句义是“他编造了所有的故事”，故选C。7. A 解析： get / be done表示“被”，可以排除B和D。link 连接，连结。expose 暴露。根据句义“过多接触X射线，会对健康造成危害”，故选A。8. B 解析：refuse to do拒绝做某事。reject doing拒绝做某事。cannot resist doing禁不住做某事。题干意思“因为服务差，许多人拒绝购买这家超市的商品”，根据句型结构应选B。9. A 解析：under control一切在控制中。in charge在掌管中。in disorder处于混乱。根据句义及搭配应选A。10. D 解析：从后半句可推知前半句的意思是“从他惊愕的表情”。terrified face惊恐的脸，表示人很害怕的表情。terrifying令人害怕的。故选D。11. A 解析：句义为“他告诉我昨天在会上讨论的事情”。事情是被讨论，可以排除C；选项B表示将要被讨论；选项D表示正在被讨论；故选A。12. B 解析：第一个空the key to中的to是介词，后面要接名词或者动名词；第二个空要用made，过去分词作定语，意思是“顾客提出的要求”。故选B。13. D 解析：过去分词作表语或定语时常用来修饰人，be pleased with表示“对满意”。 pleasant意思是“令人愉快的”，修饰物。故选D。14. C 解析：baby与sleep之间是一种主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语；asleep只能作表语。故选C。15. A 解析：temple与build之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，to be built表示要修建，还没有修建；being built表示正在修建当中。本句说庙宇是在清朝时修建的，所以选 A。. 用括号中所给词汇的正确形式完成下列句子1. astonished 2. polluted 3. invited 4. parked 5. inspired; inspiring6. disappointed 7. experienced 8. affected 9. linked 10. delivered. 根据所给的汉语提示及重点词语，将下列汉语译成英语1. After curing millions of people of their cholera, the medicine proved effective.2. Getting up to watch a football match at midnight last night led to his falling asleep at class now.3. It is no use crying over failure.4. Dont always blame failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to blame.5. They were absorbed in (watching) a movie. 完形填空1. A 解析：make full use of为固定短语，意为“充分利用”。这里指充分采用他所观察的事实。2. B 解析：be based on意思为“以为根据”。这里指以事实为依据。3. B 解析：根据后面的内容“做实验来证明它们”可以推知本句句义为“他总是仔细审核观点并做实验来验证”。4. D 解析：从此句后半部分以及本文最后一句可以知道应该是指“现代科学”。5. A 解析：date back (to . ) 为固定短语，意思是“追溯到时间”。6. B 解析：此处time意思是“时代，时期”。7. D 解析：句义为“我们应该通过对周围的事情进行观察和做实验来学科学”。on和by都有“靠、凭借”的意思；on后常常接名词或代词；by后常接动名词。8. B 解析：make a discovery为固定短语，意思是“发现”。在此符合题意。9. A 解析：此处who引导一个定语从句，who指代前面的the greatest of several great men。10. B 解析：by degrees是一个固定短语，相当于gradually，意思是“渐渐地，逐渐地”。11. A 解析：根据语境，此处是指通过观察、实验来发现“真理 (truth) ”，而不是“问题”。12. B 解析：此处讲述的是在伽利略之前的科学家的观点，即大物体比小物体更快地着地， 故选B。13. C 解析：实验是在比萨斜塔的“