科技英语翻译方法应验分享以及科技英语翻译范文欣赏.doc

科技英语翻译方法应验分享以及科技英语翻译范文欣赏科技英语主要是用来描写自然科学各专业的著作、论文、实验报告，科技实用手段等等，具有表达客观准确、逻辑性强、结构严谨等特点，其句式往往偏长、结构复杂。经常使用含有被动结构的句型以及非谓语形式和介词短语等来表述；常用表示动作或状态的抽象名词或起名词功用的动名词形式以及名词短语结构；长句通常是因被动句多、非限定动词多、名词化结构多，再加上从句和并列成分多而形成；经常使用若干特定的句型，从而形成科技文体区别于其他文体的标志；一般现在时和现在完成时较多。科技英语翻译需要灵活运用翻译技巧，在多年的可以英语翻译过程中，总结出了一些可行的技巧供大家参考。第一，增译与减译。增译法就是为忠实体现科技英语的句法特征，增加一些词语以符合汉语表达习惯。减译法是指在不破坏原文的句法特征的情况下，把原文中一些无关紧要的及不符合译文表达习惯的词语去掉不译，使译文更通顺、流畅。第二，顺译与逆译。顺译是指将原文按意群分切成各部分，然后将各部分按照英语句子原文的语序从前往后翻译，反之即为逆译。第三，分译与合译。科技英语长句翻译时需要灵活处理，在不损害原文意思的情况下将原句结构做较大的改变，拆分成两个或两个以上的句子再翻译，即化长为短、化整为零，避免生硬的汉语句子。而有时候，又需要把原文的两个或两个以上的分句合译，即化零为整，使译文连贯，有整体感。第四，正译与反译。由于思维差异，英汉两种语言在表达肯定或否定的方式上存在一定的差异。英语里否定的表达方式多种多样，翻译时根据汉语表达习惯可能会将科技英语肯定句译为否定句，或者将否定句译为肯定句。 翻译是一种双语转换的过程，需要把一种语言文字所表达的意义用另一种语言文字表达出来的语言转换出来。由于科技英语自身的特点，决定了科技英语的翻译既有科学性，又有艺术性，是科学与艺术的结合。译者需要充分掌握和利用最佳翻译技巧，成功完成作者与译者及读者间的完美交流。 科技英语翻译范文欣赏：Aussie scientists challenge Big Bang theory and say the Universe froze its way into existence in a Big Chill澳洲科学家挑战大爆炸理论：宇宙在一场大冷冻中“冻凝”成型The traditional image of the birth of the universe suggests that all matter sparked into existence in a cataclysmic Big Bang more than 13 billion years ago.在传统理论对宇宙产生过程的描画中，130亿年以前的一场突如其来的大爆炸产生了所有的物质。But this model is now being challenged by a theory which suggests the universe froze its way into existence in what has been deemed a Big Chill.但是这个模型现在遭到了一个认为宇宙是通过冻凝成型的，被称为“大冷冻”的理论的挑战。Theoretical physicists at the University of Melbourne said the best metaphor for the start of the universe should be considered as water freezing into ice.墨尔本大学的理论物理学家们指出，宇宙产生的过程最适合比作水冷凝成冰的过程。In this theory, the three spatial dimensions and the one dimension of time froze into place - and the physicists suggest we could learn about the cracks in time and space by investigating the natural cracks in ice particles.在这个理论中，空间三维以及时间维在冷冻中形成这些物理学家们还提出我们可以观察冰粒中的自然裂缝来了解“时间和空间的裂缝”。They say our understanding of the nature of the Universe could be revolutionised by investigating the cracks and crevices common to ice crystals.大冷冻：墨尔本大学的物理学家们提出我们可以将宇宙和已知的四维视为“冻聚”的产物Lead researcher on the project, James Quach said current theorising is the latest in a long quest by humans to understand the origins and nature of the Universe.这一项目的主管研究员，詹姆斯夸奇说，这个理论是人类对宇宙起源和本质的漫长追寻中最新的一个理论。He said: Ancient Greek philosophers wondered what matter was made of: was it made of a continuous substance or was it made of individual atoms?他说：“古希腊哲学家们已经开始探寻物质究竟是什么构成：是连续的物质还是分立的原子？”With very powerful microscopes, we now know that matter is made of atoms. 在强有力的显微镜的帮助下，我们现在已经知道物质由原子构成。Thousands of years later, Albert Einstein assumed that space and time were continuous and flowed smoothly, but we now believe that this assumption may not be valid at very small scales.“数千年后，阿尔伯特爱因斯坦猜想时间和空间是连续而平滑的，但是我们现在认为，在极微小的尺度上也许这个猜想并不成立。”He added: A new theory, known as Quantum Graphity, suggests that space may be made up of indivisible building blocks, like tiny atoms.“一个新的，被称为量子引力图论的理论认为空间可能由如微小原子一般不能分割的组成单元构成。”他还提到。These indivisible blocks can be thought about as similar to pixels that make up an image on a screen.“这些不可分割的原件就好比屏幕上组成一幅图像的像素。”The challenge has been that these building blocks of space are very small, and so impossible to see directly.“而挑战在于，这些空间的组成原件如此之小以至于完全不可能直接观察到。” However Quach and his colleagues believe they may have figured out a way to see them indirectly.但是夸奇和他的同事们认为他们可以找出一个间接观察到它们的办法。He said: Think of the early universe as being like a liquid.Then as the universe cools, it crystallises into the three spatial and one time dimension that we see today.Theorised this way, as the Universe cools, we would expect that cracks should form, similar to the way cracks are formed when water freezes into ice. 他说：“想一想，早期的宇宙就像液体。 随着宇宙的冷却，它结晶出我们现在看到的空间三维和时间维度。这样建立起理论：随着宇宙的冷却，我们可以预期到裂缝的形成，如同水凝结成冰的过程中裂缝的形成。”RMIT University research team member Associate Professor Andrew Greentree said some of these defects might be visible.皇家墨尔本理工大学的研究团队成员，副教授安德鲁格里切表示其中一些瑕疵可能是可见的。Light and other particles would bend or reflect off such defects, and therefore in theory we should be able to detect these effects, he said.“光或者一些其他的粒子将会被这样的瑕疵所弯曲或反射，理论上我们可以探测到这些效应。”他说。The team has calculated some of these effects and if their predictions are experimentally verified, the question as to