北师大版高中英语模块二Unit-4-词汇学习学案.doc

Unit 4, Module II CyberspaceLearning to learn1. likely adj. & adv. (likelier, more likely ; likeliest, most likely ) 很可能的，有希望的 ；合适的；恰当的（probably, expected to happen ；seeming to be just right; suitable） Its likely to rain. 有可能下雨。 Its likely that I shall go to Shanghai tomorrow. 很可能明天我要去上海。 Tony is the most likely winner of the race. 这次赛跑托尼最有可能取胜。 2. concept n. 概念；观念 a thought; an idea; a general notion A small baby has no concept of right and wrong. 小孩不懂什么是正确和错误。 the basic concepts of maths3. chart n. 图；图表 make a chart of big drawing or map to give information vt.以图表表示 On the map we charted the course of the river.我们在地图上标出了该河的流向。4. focus v. (使）聚焦，（使）集中 He focused the camera on the trees and took a photo. 他对好焦距，照了一张相。Im so tired that I cant focus on anything today.Please focus your minds on what the teacher is saying. n. 焦点，中心 (focuses) the focus ofShe always wants to be the focus of attention.她老想成为人们注意的中心。5. skip（skipping skipped ） vi.跳；跳绳；略过 (run, jumping lightly with each foot ; jump again and again over a rope that you are swinging )The little girl skipped down the road. 小女孩蹦跳着沿路走去。 Lets skip over this page and come to page 55. 咱们越过这一页，看第五十五页。 Children like skipping. 孩子们喜欢跳绳。skip a lectureskip a class 缺课 6. fist n. 拳头 A boxer hits with his fists. 拳击运动员用拳头打击对手。 7. waist n. 腰，腰部 ( the middle of the body )Her waist measures 20 inches around. 她的腰身为20英寸。 8. nail n. 指甲；趾甲 ； 钉子 Our fingernails need cutting now and again. 我们的手指甲有时需要剪一剪。 bite ones nails 咬指甲 cut the nails 剪指甲 dye the nails 染指甲 The nail went right through the wall. 钉子直接穿过墙壁。 v. 钉；钉住 ( fasten or fix something with a nail or nails )David nailed the broken box together again. 大卫把那个破箱子又钉好了。 9. gallery n. 美术陈列室，画廊，美术馆 (a large room or building for exhibitions of art)There is a new exhibition at the gallery. 美术馆有个新的画展。10. start offIts impossible to stop him once he starts off. 11. try outThe drug has not been tried out on humans yet12. think through (consider a problem fully) 彻底地全面考虑13. think about sth14. think over15. look over 检查,查看,调查We must look over the house before we decide to rent it.16. work outwork out a problemwork out a puzzleThings work out quite well.I work out regularly.17. learn sth. by heart18. What further information can you add to improve it?Its not safe to go any further/farther.Have you any further questions?to go abroad to receive further educationWarm up 1. cyberspace cybercrime cybercriminal cyberterroristcyberculture2. globe n. 球状物；地球 （anything round like a ball）Im interested in studying the globe in my spare time. global adj. 全世界的,全球的 ； 整体的,总体的,综合的global inflation 全球性的通货膨胀 the dream of global peace 世界和平的梦想 global warming3. artificial adj. ( more artificial ；most artificial ) 1.人工的，人造的 2.做作的，不自然的 artificial daylight 人造日光 artificial flowers 人造花 artificial rain 人造雨 artificial intelligence 人工智能an artificial smile 不自然的微笑 3. climate n.C 气候（ the regular weather conditions of a particular place ）weather a mild climate 温和的气候 a tropical climate热带气候 a damp/wet climate 潮湿的气候 The climate of Africa doesnt agree with him.4. flood n. 洪水 ；大批，大量 （a large flow of water ； a lot of something ）Many houses were destroyed by the flood. 许多房屋被洪水冲毁了。The heavy rain has caused floods in many parts of the country.They received a flood of complaints.v. 淹没，泛滥 ；充满（ to fill or cover with water ）The river has flooded a number of villages. 洪水淹没了一些村庄Letters of congratulation flooded in. 大批祝贺信像潮水般地涌来。 The office was flooded with applications for the job.办公室堆满了申请表。5.virtual adj. (无比较级、最高级) 实质上的,事实上的,实际上的 ；虚像的It was a virtual promise. 那是实质上的承诺。 He was the virtual leader of the movement.他是该运动实际上的领袖。 a virtual image 虚像virtual reality 6. reality n. 真实 （what is true）Scientists are working hard to turn them into realities.科学家们为了把它们变为现实正在努力工作着。 This is not imagination but reality. 这不是空想，而是现实。 in reality = in fact 实际上 The two football players seem like enemies on the field but in reality they are good friends. She gives the impression of being generous, but in reality she is a very selfish woman. 她给人以慷慨大方的印象，其实她是个非常自私的女人。 7.virus n.C 病毒;(viruses)the flu virus /AIDS e true实现 (really happen)Her dream came true她的梦想实现了。 The prediction seems to have come true.9. make upGirls make up 56% of the students numbers.Four parts make up the country.The country is made up of four parts.make up an excuse/a storymake up the bedShe spends much time making (herself) up.10. make suggestions11.make predictions about the future12.science fiction books or films 科幻小说，影片13A.I is a science fiction directed by Steven Spielberg. It is about a boy who doesnt know that he is really a robot.The story revolves around the idea that in the future, humans will create robots that are able to feel love. In the movie, a young robot-boy is given to a real human family. He loves them but they desert him, He then painfully discovers that he is a robot and sets off on a journey to find a way to become real.14.From the Earth to the Moon is a book about people traveling to the moon by Jules Verne(1828-1905). French writer and pioneer of science fiction, whose best known works today are Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea (1870) and Around the World in Eighty Days (1873). He was a French writer and a pioneer of science fiction. He studied geology, engineering and astronomy which greatly influenced his writing. He wrote From the Earth to the Moon in 1866, almost a century before Neil Armstrong landed on the moon. In his novel, men plan to build a gun big enough to shoot a rocket into space.15. Picture B is from the movie The Terminator(1984). It is a picture of the actor Arnold Schwarzenegger who starred as an unstoppable machine sent from the future to change the past.16.Picture C is of the actor Kevin Costner. It is from the movie Waterworld(1995). The movie is set in the future when the polar ice-caps have melted. Costner plays a character searching for dry land-something no one has ever seen.Lesson 1 1.affect vt. 产生效果；影响; 使感动；被感动 ；The change in climate may affect your health.His speech affected the audience deeply. 他的讲话深深打动了听众。effect n. have an effect onAlcohol has a bad effect on drivers.2. rapidly adv. 快地，迅速地（ quickly ）He went by her rapidly.rapid adj.the rapid growth of the economythe recent growth in violent crime3. growth n. 生长 ；增长（ the act of becoming bigger ； increase ）the growth of a baby 婴儿的发育成长 gradual growth 逐渐生长 4. pessimistic adj. 悲观的，悲观主义的，厌世的；对悲观的about take a pessimistic view of life 对人生持悲观的看法 Dont be so pessimistic. 别那样悲观。 He is pessimistic about the future. 他对未来感到悲观。 5. optimistic adj. 乐观的（ having feeling of optimism ）As I get older I get more optimistic. 我越活越乐观。 6. hacker7. crime n.C 犯法行为，犯罪，罪行；不该做的事 （ something done against the law ； a foolish, useless action ）Murder is a crime. 谋杀是一种罪行。 8. criminal adj. 犯罪的；刑事上的 ( law breaking ； of crime )a criminal act 犯罪行为 n. 罪犯，犯人 ( a person who has done something seriously against law )The chief criminals shall be punished without fail. 首恶必办。 9. terrorist n. 恐怖分子；恐怖主义者 ( someone who frightens, hurts or kills others so that people will do what he wants)10. attack v.进攻；攻击 (start fighting or hurting someone ) ；（疾病）侵袭 攻击；抨击（ make someone suddenly ill ；speak or write against）We attacked the enemy by night. 我们趁黑夜进攻敌人。 The best way to defend is to attack. 最好的防御就是进攻。 The robber attacked the old man. 强盗袭击那位老人。 Measles attacks many children. 很多孩子得麻疹。 She was attacked with a disease. 她患病了。 air attacks 空袭 /a heart attack 心脏病突发 make an attack on the enemy11. chaos n.U 混乱；无秩序（when things happen wildly and with no control; when there is no order）The strong wind left the garden in chaos. 大风刮得花园零乱不堪。 12. crash v. 碰撞，倒下；砸；撞坏；碰：（商业）破产，失败：n.C 撞坏；碰撞（to fall or strike the ground violently ； make something hit another thing hard ；business failure ；an accident; two things coming together hard）The aeroplane crashed on a hillside. 飞机在山腰撞毁了。 He crashed his car into a wall. 他把汽车猛撞在墙上。 be crashed to pieces 被砸得粉碎 There was an airplane crash last week. 上周有架飞机坠毁。13. offer vt. 奉送；拿出 ；提供；出售（hold something that you want to give to someone ； say that you will give, do, or pay something if the other person wants it ；present for sale ）He offered me a cup of tea. 他倒了杯茶要我喝。 They offered me a better position. 他们给了我一个更好的位置。 Ill offer to go if nobody will.I offered him a house for 1,000 pounds. 我提出愿以一千英镑把一所房子卖给他。n.C 提供；提出；提议 ；出售（the act of offering ；putting forward for sale ）I made him an offer of help. 我向他表示愿意提供帮助。 She has received an offer of marriage. 有人向她求婚。 14. entertainment n. 款待；招待 ；娱乐 （the act of entertaining guests; the act of amusing people；an amusing or interesting public performance ）They are giving an entertainment to their foreign guests. 他们在招待外宾。 give an entertainment to ones guests 招待客人 The city offers many forms of entertainment. 这个城市提供各种娱乐。 15. disappear vi. 消失，失踪；不见 （ go away so that it cannot be seen ）The police are looking for the man who disappeared yesterday. 警察正在寻找昨天失踪的那个人。16.as if (as though) 好像；似乎；仿佛 He talks as if he knew everything. 他说话的神气好像他什么都知道似的。It looks as if it is going to rain17. harm n. 损害；伤害；危害（ hurt; damage; injury ）He says what he thinks, but he means no harm. 他想到什么说什么，但是他没有恶意。 The waste and poison may do great harm to the things around us. Do more harm than good vt. 伤害；危害 ( hurt someone or something )Hot water will harm the plants. 热水会伤害花草。be harmful to Smoking is harmful to health.18.obvious adj. 清楚的；易懂的；明显的 ( very clear, easy to see or understand )Its obvious that he hasnt read the book. 他显然没有读过这本书。 an obvious mistake 明显的错误 19. destruction n.U 毁灭；破坏 ( breaking something totally )The strong earthquake left death and destruction behind it. 强烈的地震留下了死亡和破坏 20. It is clear that he is lying.(telling lies) It is obvious that21. take immediate actionLesson 21. military adj. 军事的，军用的 (of, for or related with armed forces, soldiers or war )We had a military training last week. 上星期我们进行了军训。 n. 军方,军队 ( the military )The military were on the march. 军队在行军中。2. scientific adj. 科学的 ( having to do with science )scientific knowledge 科学知识 do scientific experiments.science n. 科学；自然科学；一门学科； scientist n.3. nuclear adj. 原子核的；原子的；原子能的 ( of the central part of an atom; of atomic energy )nuclear energy 原子能 nuclear power 核动力 nuclear weapons 核武器 4. network n. 网；网制品 ( a netting or net; any system of lines that cross )a network 网状系统 a network of railway 铁路网 5.project n.C 计划,企画 ；form draw up拟定(起草,拉起,画出) a project 订计划 do a project 6. fashion n. 流行式样，时髦（way of dressing or doing something that people think best at a certain time ） In the U.S. men dont wear hats now; theyre out of fashion. 在美国男人们现在不戴帽子，戴帽子已不时兴了。 These shoes are the latest fashion. 这些鞋子是最新的流行样式。a fashion show 7. hang onThe line was engaged and the operator asked if Id like to hang on.Hang on a minute-Im nearly ready.8.be up to sth正在干，从事What has been she up to recently?be up to sb.由某人决定Whether you learn or not is entirely up to you.It is up to you to decide.be up to sb. 是某人的职责、义务It is up to the travel companies to warn customers of any possible dangers.up to now 直到现在 up to达之多The temperature went up to 35C9. fancy vt. 1.想要 2.想象 3.爱好We cannot fancy a life without electricity. 我们不能设想生活中没有电。 Fancy seeing you! I am surprised! 想不到会见到你！真是出乎意料！ I really fancy going for a swim right now. (n. 1.想象力 2.幻想 3.爱好)10. suggest vt. 建议；提出（意见、计划、理论等）（give someone an idea; say that something will be possible） I suggested that we (should) hold a meeting tonight. 我提议我们今晚开个会。 He suggests going to the cinema. 他建议去看电影。Can you suggest a way (to do it) ? 你能提出一个办法吗？ His attitude suggests that he isnt really interested.Her pale face suggested that she was in poor health. suggestion n. 建议；意见/ adviceMy suggestion is (that) we go to the cinema. 我的建议是去看电影。make suggestions11. reject vt. 丢弃 ( throw away; cast aside as useless )He rejected the rotten eggs. 他扔掉了坏鸡蛋。 vt. 拒绝；拒不接受 She rejected my offer of help. 我主动提出给予帮助，她拒绝了。 He tried to join the army but was rejected. 他想参军但被拒绝了。 the rejected suits12. arrange vt. 整理；布置 （ put things in a nice, neat way ）The teacher arranged the books on the shelves. 老师把书架上的书整理好Please arrange the tools in order. 请把工具整理好。 v. 安排 （make a plan ） We arranged a party for the New Years Day. 我们为元旦安排了一次茶话会。I have arranged for a car to meet you at the airport. 我已安排了一辆小汽车到（飞）机场接你。arrangement n. 整理；布置 ；安排( the act of arranging ；something arranged )Have you made arrangements to sell your house? 你卖房子的事做好安排了吗？13. get in touch with sbWhen you are in London you might get in touch with a friend of mine.keep in touch with sbstay in touch with sblose touch with=be out of touch with sb.Ive lost touch with all my old friends.Lesson 3 1. title n. 题目；名；称呼；头衔The title of a book is printed on the cover. 书名印在书的封面上the title of doctor 博士的头衔 2. destination n. 目的地；终点 ( place where a person or thing is going )reach ones destination 到达目的地 3. flesh n.U 肉；肉类，兽肉 ( soft part of a persons or animals body, under the skin; meat ) freshTigers are flesh eating animals. 虎是食肉动物。 He is losing flesh these days. 近来他消瘦了。 We eat the flesh of animals, birds, and fish. 我们吃兽类、禽类和鱼类的肉。 U 肉体 The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak.in the fleshIve got all her records but Ive never seen her in the flesh.4. exit n.C (公共建筑物、高速道路等的) 出口 an emergency exit There is only one exit from the theater.这家戏院只有一个出口处。vi.出去,离去;退去Please exit by the rear door.请从后门退场。At the end of the third scene the actress exited.5. historical adj. 历史的；历史上的 ( of past times )a historical film 历史电影 historical evidence 史料 a historical novel 历史小说 historical studies 历史研究 historical character 历史人物 6. historic adj. 历史意义的，历史上著名的 (important in past times )a historic occasion1066 was a historic year for England. 1066年对英国来说是有历史意义的一年。 7. site n. 地点；场所( place where something is, was or will be )London is on the site of a Roman fort. 伦敦在一个古罗马堡垒的旧址上。 We put up our tent in the camp site. 我们在营地上搭起了帐篷。 8. pack n./ vt. 包；背包；包裹 The hikers had packs on their backs. 徒步旅行的人都背着背包。 Have the goods been packed yet? 货物包装好了吗？ The room was packed with people. 房间里挤满了人。 9. dip vt. 浸；蘸；汲取（ put something into liquid. for a short time and then take it out again）He dipped his pen into the ink. 他拿钢笔蘸墨水。 He dipped a finger in it. 他把一个手指伸进里面蘸了一下。10. toe n. 脚趾 Please dont step on my toes. 请别踩我的脚趾。 11. millionaire n. 巨富，百万富翁 ( a person who has a million pounds or dollars; a very rich man )We could all be millionaires one day.12. smoker n. 吸烟者 non-smoker13. whats moreHe is dirty, and whats more he smells.14.But I still find it hard to imagine.15. go on an around-the -world tour16. be popular with17. the Leaning Tower of PisaLesson41. tourism / tourist n.The island has been ruined by tourism. 该岛毁在旅游业上了.tourist party 观光团 2. guide v. 领路；带领 ；n. 向导；指南He guided us through the forest. 他领我们穿过了森林。 He volunteered to act as a guide to the Palace Museum. a guide to grammar 语法入门 a guide to farming 耕作指南 3. locate vt. 设置,安置 ; 找出位置; 位于 ，坐落于 The firm located its office in Shanghai. 这家公司在上海设置办公室。Can you locate Paris on the map? 你能在地图上指出巴黎吗？ The new building will be located in the center of town.Their factory is located at the foot of the mountain.location n.Whats the exact location of the ship?4. settle 1)make ones home in a place定居(vi.) A long time ago, a great number of English people settled in America and Australia. 2) come to rest on sth; stay for some time(vi.) 落下；栖息The bird settled on the branch. (在某处停歇一时)3). become calm, or relaxed (vt./vi.)Wait until all the excitement has settledThis medicine can settle your nerves.4).make an agreement about sth; deal with (vt.) settle a dispute/an argument/a problemsettle downsettlement n. 拓居地；定居点settler n.5. central adj.We live in central London.the central point of an argument(争论的焦点）central governmentcentral heating集中供暖设备centre n.the centre of the circlethe centre of the park6. suburb n. 郊区；郊外 I live in the suburbs of Taipei. 我住在台北市郊。 7. zone n. 地区（特别指在城镇）；地带 a danger zone/ an earthquake zone /a security zone8. volcano n.C 火山 Vesuvius is a volcano. 维苏威山是一座火山。 An active volcano may erupt at any timea dormant volcano休眠火山an extinct volcano死火山9. population What is the population of China?China has a population ofThe population of China is very large.More than eighty percent of the population of China are farmers.10. as well as 既也（又）；不仅而且/ not only but also He has experience as well as knowledge. 他既有学识又有经验。 Shes clever as well as beautiful. She is not only beautiful but also clever.她不但漂亮，而且聪明。 He, as well as you, knows that. Not only he but also you know that.他和你一样，也知道那件事。 as wellThey are coming as well11. viewU视力;视野;C景色;风景画;C 观点；见解，意见The Great Wall came into our view.（视野，视线） We had a good view of the town from the top of the hill.（景色） 从山顶上我们清楚地看到了全城景色。 Everyone at the meeting had different views.In my view it was a waste of time. 12. go back (to)The dinosaur goes back about 190 mi