职称英语综合类概括大意与完成句子第6篇How-We-Form-First-Impression逐句翻译

How We Form First Impression 对别人的第一印象是怎 样形成的 We all have first impression Of someone we just met 对 刚刚遇到的人我们都会留下第一印象 But why Why do we form an opinion about Someone without really knowing anything about him or her aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits 为什么 为什么我们会对一无所 知的人形成自己的 印象 除去一些描述或显而易见的特征 The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world 这与你的大脑如何感知世界是息息相关 的 Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits even very minor difference in how a person s eyes ears nose or mouth are placed in relation to each other makes you see him or her as different 大脑对面部特征十分敏 感 即使是每个人在眼睛 耳朵或嘴部的细小差异也会使 大脑察觉到其不同之处 In fact your brain continuously process incoming sensory information the sights and sounds of your world 实际上 大脑一直在不断地对接收到的感 官信 息进行处理 包括影像和声音 These incoming signals are compared against a host of memories stored in the brain areas called the cortex system to determine what these new signals mean 大脑将这些 信号 与储存在脑皮层系统 的大量 记忆 相比较 以便确定这些新收到的信号的 意思 If you see someone you know and like at school your brain says familiar and safe 如果你在学校看到某个你认识 而且喜欢的人 你的大脑会做出 熟悉安全 的判断 If you see someone new it says new potentially threatening 如果你 看见了一个陌生的人 你的大脑会告诉你 陌生 有 潜在的威胁 Then your brain starts to match features of this stranger with other known memories 紧接着你的大脑 会幵始将这 个陌生人的特征与 已知 的记忆进行比较 The height weight dress ethnicity gestures and tone of voice are all matched up 包括身高 体重 穿着 种族 手势以及音调等 The more unfamiliar the characteristics the more your brain may say This is new I don t like this person 特征越不相符 大脑越会告诫你 这是陌生人 我不喜欢这个人 Or else I m intrigued 或 我很好奇 Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes ethnicity gestures like your other friends so your brain says I like this person 大脑也可 能观察到一张新面 孔 但却有着熟悉的穿着 种族特征和手势 像你的朋友 这时大脑会告诉 你 我喜欢这个人 But these preliminary impressions can be dead wrong 但这些第一印象却可能是完 全错误的 When we stereotype people we use a less mature form of thinking not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others 当区分人时 我们使用一种欠成熟的思维方式 没有 什么不一样与小孩子不成熟的想法 去对别人做出 简单化 并且绝对印象化的判断 Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people their history interest values strengths and true character we categorize them as jocks geeks or freaks 而不是对人的 深 度和广度 即历史 兴趣 价值 力量或真正的性格有所 了解 这样的后果是 我们将人区分为骗子 反常的人或 怪人 However if we resist initial stereotypical impressions we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like 但是 如果我们对带有成见的第一印象加以抑 制 我们就会有机会对一个人有真正的了解 If we spend time with a person hear about his or her life hopes dreams and become aware of the person s character we use a different more mature style of thinking and the most complex areas of our cortex which allow us to be humane 如果我 们花一些时间与一个人在一起 倾听他 或她的生活 希望和梦想 了解了这个人的性格 我们才 会用一种不同的 更成熟的方式去思考 用脑皮层中最复杂 的区域进行思考 而这会使我们更 富有人情味 词汇 trait n 特点 特征 特性 host n 一大群 许多 simplistic adj 过分单纯化的 sensory adj 感官的 感觉的 categorical adj 绝对的 cortex n 脑皮层 jock n 骗子 ethnicity n 种族特点 geek n 反常的人 intrigue v 激起兴趣 stereotype v 对 产生成见 freak n 怪人 humane hju mein hju adj 有人情味的 人文的 注释 1 Your rain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits even very minor difference in how a person s eyes ears nose or mouth are placed in relation to each other makes you see him or her as different 从 even 开始到 as different 是个结果状语从句 相当于 that even very minor 而 that 是与主句中的 so 呼应的 2 against 和 对比 3 If you see someone you know and like school 如 果你在学校里看到某个你认识而且喜欢的人 like 在这 里是动词 4 dead wrong 相当于 completely wrong dead wrong 是口语表达用语 练习 1 Paragraph 2 2 Paragraph 3 3 Paragraph 4 4 Paragraph 5 A Ways Of Departure from Immature and Simplistic Impressions B Comment on First Impression C Illustration Of First Impression D Comparing Incoming Sensory Information Against Memories E Threatening Aspect of First Impressions F Differences Among Jocks Geeks and Freaks 5 Sensory information is one that is perceived through 6 You interpret by comparing it against the memories already stored in your brain 7 The way we stereotype people is a less mature form of thinking which is similar to 8 We can use our more mature style of thinking thanks to A a stranger s less mature type of thinking B the most complex areas of our cortex C the immature form of thinking of a very young child D the meaning of incoming sensory information E the sights and sounds of the world F an opportunity to analyze different forms of thinking 答案与题解 D 本段 k 述的是人脑解读感官信息的过程 C 本段举例说明第一印象解读的过程 将第二段叙述 的内容具体化 B 本段对第一印象进行了评论 说第一印象不成熟 simplistic and categorical A 本段说如果我们与某个人多接触 了解他的生活 希望 梦想和性格特征 我们对该人的 认识就不会停留在第一印象的阶段 而是进人一个更 深的层次 E 选 E 的依据在第 段的第三句 D 选 D 的依据在第二段的最后两句 sensory information 的意思就是 information perceived through sensory