10秋综合英语(1)备考宝典.doc

综合英语(1) 期末复习宝典特别提示1：12月16日20：00-22：00会安排当代1+语音考前VOB，对本大纲内容做重点讲解。请一定注意收听！最好能提前打印出来。特别提示2：综合英语（1）考核范围是教材第17单元。成绩由形成性考核成绩和终结考试成绩构成。形成性考核占30%，课程终结考试占70%。形成性考核：包括两次课程作业（占课程总评成绩的20%）和单元自测题（占课程总评成绩的10%）。请务必准时提交两次作业，并在考试前提交所有单元测试题。特别提示3：请大家到课件复习单元里看一看模拟试题，了解试卷构成。I. 综合英语（1）课程终结考试介绍题型 各单项分数/权重 笔试 单词拼写根据音标拼写单词 1*10=10词汇词汇与搭配：单项选择 2*10=20阅读理解句子理解：单项选择 3*5=15完形填空 2*10=20翻译英译汉 3*5=15汉译英 4*5=201） 第一部分：Spelling（所有单词选自课本重点）这个部分是根据音标拼写单词。主要检查拼写基本功及发音知识。虽然所有的单词都选自课本，但是一般得分情况并不很理想。一可能是对音标，也就是基本的发音知识没有掌握，看到音标后不知道怎样发音，自然就不知道是哪个词；二可能是拼写的问题，虽然发出了正确的发音，可是不知道是哪个词，或者不知道该怎样拼写。所以，这一部分不仅要求掌握基本的音标和发音知识，还要求熟悉课本上的词汇的发音和拼写（pronunciation & spelling）。如果做到了这两点，在这个题上是很容易拿到高分的。 2） 第二部分：词汇（单项选择，涉及句子全部选自课本）考题大概可以分为四类。第一类是考词的固定搭配，特别是动词词组。例如，This will help you to focus your attention _ the subject.A. toB. onC. inD. at这个题考的就是focus作为动词的用法，focus on something. 所以应该是B。所以大家在学习词的时候，特别是动词，一定要特别注意它的用法，和哪些词是固定搭配。一旦掌握了这个，这类题是很容易得分的。第二类，考的是词形相似但意思不同的词。 例如，This means that English has some official _ as a language used in government.A. statusB. stateC. statueD. station这几个选项的词词形非常相似，但意思完全不一样。A是地位，B是状态，C是雕像，D是车站。再看题目的意思是说英语作为一种在政府部门中使用的语言有一定的官方的地位。所以根据意思，应该填A。这类题，要求大家在学习词汇的时候，最好把词形相似的词放在一块来学习和比较，这样可以帮助你更好地掌握和应用词汇，也有利于记忆。第三类，考的主要是介词，副词，或者是连词的用法。例如，The U.S., _ with 15 other nations, is set to build an International Space Station.A. awayB. alwaysC. alongD. alone这个需要根据句子的意思和介词，副词或连词的用法来判断。介词，副词和连词的用法是学习英语的一大难点，因为规律性不是很强。所以最有效的方法是靠大家平时的积累。大量的阅读可以帮助大家培养语感，根据语感来判断是最好的方法。再加上掌握一定的规律性，就可以很好地掌握和应用这一类词的用法。第四类，考的主要是意思有一定的类似的地方，比较容易混淆的词。例如，The Nazis who came to _ in Germany in 1931 believed that Jews should be destroyed.A. forceB. strengthC. powerD. command这个也是需要根据句子的意思，单词的意思和语言的习惯去判断的。大家在学习词汇的时候，应该把同义词一块来进行学习和比较，这样可以更清楚地掌握和应用它们。而语言的习惯也是需要大家大量的阅读来培养语感的。3) 第三部分：阅读理解 包括两部分A 句子理解 （全部选自七篇课文），考察的是对句子划线部分的理解。这个部分考得还可以。它实际考的是paraphrase（explain English with English）的能力，但给出了三个选择，而且都是文章中的句子，所以不难判断出正确的理解。B cloze 选词完形填空（选自课外）。考察的是对词汇，语法的掌握和应用，及文章意思的理解。是在前一部分词汇和语法的基础上更进一步的一个综合能力的考察。所以在做这个题的时候，不仅需要注意每一句话的意思，还要注意整篇文章的意思。4） 第四部分：翻译 包括两部分：英译汉和汉译英这个部分是考得最理想的一个部分。英译汉（所有句子来自课文或学习课本），考察的是英文理解和汉语表达能力。对英文的理解是最关键的。复杂的句子需要先把主要的意思和结构找到，然后再来分析其他的部分是修饰主句中的哪个成分的。然后根据中文的习惯来表述。汉译英（所考察的词汇，短语或句型都来自单元重点）。考察的是对他们的理解和应用。和E-C有类似的地方，就是先确定主要的意思和结构，再填加修饰的成分，最后进行整体的修饰和润色。例如：我现在起每月要存500块钱，或者更多一点。（textbook, page10）主要结构是：我要存500块钱 Ill deposit/save 500 yuan. 然后再加入修饰成分：现在起，每月，或者更多一点From now on Ill deposit/save 500 yuan or even more every month. 结论：80%内容与学生用书直接有关：包含：根据音标拼写单词、词汇与搭配、句子理解、英译汉、汉译英。20%来自课外，包含：完形填空（20分）。II. 复习重点 (与学生用书直接有关的80%内容)每个单元需要掌握：l 5个单词拼写。共35个。考10个。l 5个重点词语用法。每个单词我给出了两个句子，第一句为课文中的句子(要求掌握词汇与搭配，35句考10句)，第二句为课外的句子（要求掌握中译英35句考5句）。l 5个难句。要求掌握句子划线部分的paraphrase和句子的中文含义。（句子理解，英译汉，35句考10句，5句句子理解，5句英译汉）Unit 1需要掌握拼写的单词： approach assignment fortunately routine overseas需要掌握用法的单词： 1. adjust to 适应Do you have any problems adjusting to college? 在适应大学生活方面你有什么问题吗？He has quickly adjusted to the hot and dry weather of the city.他已经很快适应了这个城市炎热和干燥的天气。2. set aside 留出I set aside regular times to study. 我留出固定的时间学习。I set aside an hour everyday to review the lessons.我每天留出一小时复习功课。3. find it +adj to do sth.发现。怎么样 The classes are helpful, but I find it hard to concentrate.上课有帮助，但我发现精力难以集中。I find it easy to remember a word after I understand the meaning.我发现在理解了词义以后很容易能记住单词。4. selective 有所选择的I find the best thing to do is to be quite selective about what to read.最好是对要读的东西作出选择。You will have to be selective about what information to include in the report.你需要对报告中包括的信息有所选择。5. spendin doing sth. Sometimes I spend a whole day just studying.有时候我花一天的时间只是在学习。I spend three hours doing my homework.我花了三小时的时间做功课。重点句子：1. I dont see how anyone can cope with it. (deal with)我不知道有谁能读完。2. No set time, really: I do it when I get the chance. (fixed time)没有固定时间。我有机会就学。3. I find putting my thoughts down on paper really hard. (writing down what Im thinking)我感到把自己的想法写到纸上很不容易。4. One is more than enough. (I dont write any draft.)一次就够多的了。5. You seem to learn the language without realizing it! (seeming not to notice it)你好象不知不觉就学了语言。Unit 2需要掌握拼写的单词： reputation automatically dormitory independent graduate需要掌握用法的单词： 1. althoughAlthough her clothes appear to be well-worn, they are not old or dirty.虽然她的衣服已经穿了很多年了，但她的衣服既不旧也不脏.Although the kitchen is small, it is well designed.虽然厨房很小，设计得很好。2. obtain 获得 Most students can go to college, but there is a lot of competition to obtain places in better institutions.大多数学生如果想上都可以上大学，但要想在较好的高校获得一席之地，也有不少的竞争。He obtained the loan from the school he applied to.他从他申请的学校获得了贷款。3 as She paid for the TV herself from the money she earned as a baby-sitter.电视机是她用当保姆挣来的钱买的。She works as a waitress.她的工作是服务员。4. work on Because the competition is tough, sue worked hard on her courses. 由于竞争激烈，休学习很刻苦。Jane is working on her graduation project.Jane在做毕业项目。5. applySue decided to apply for a place in the state university, SUNY.休决定在SUNY这所州立大学申请一个位置。You scored 630 in the TOEFL test. Did you apply to some universities for scholarships? 你托福考试得了630 分。你向一些大学申请奖学金了吗？重点句子:1. She does not seem to be overweight. (fat)她看起来并不超重。2. She often talks about dieting. (eating less)她总是谈论节食。3. But somehow she always seems to forget about dieting when she is hungry. (for some unknown reason)但不知怎么搞的，当她饿时，他似乎总是忘记节食。4. Her score did not qualify her for every institution she was interested in, but it qualified her comfortably for the state university.。 (Make her to meet the requirement of)她的分数使她没有资格申请她所感兴趣的每一所大学，但她上州立大学还是绰绰有余的。5. The radio and CD player were Christmas presents from her parents, but she paid for the TV herself from money she earned as a baby-sitter. (made, got)收音机和CD播放机是她父母送给她的圣诞礼物，但电视机是她用帮别人看小孩挣的钱买的。Unit 3需要掌握拼写的单词： illustrate bilingual intellectual equivalent likewise需要掌握用法的单词： 1 rely on Can we rely on the dictionary to give us the proper English for a Chinese term?我们能依赖字典给出中文词语恰当的英文译文吗？You have grown up and need to rely on yourself now.现在你已经长大了，该依靠自己了。2. status 地位In the U.S., intellectuals would include only people of high academic status such as college professors.在美国，“intellectual”只包括像大学教授那样有很高学术地位的人。Women are asking to be given equal social status with men.妇女要求得到和男人平等的社会地位。3. raiseHe raised the question. 他提出了这个问题。He raised the same question as many of us would on such an occasion.他提出了我们中许多人在这种情况下可能提出的问题。4. point outThey point out that education never ends 他们指出教育是无止境的。The expert pointed out seriously that further delay would lead to big problems. 专家非常严肃地指出再延误就要出大问题了。5. look forward toFriday is the last day of the working week and people are looking forward to two days of fun and leisure.Hes looking forward to the vacation, and then he can go home and visit his parents. 他期待着假期的来临，他可以回家看望父母。重点句子:1. If this is not understood, it may lead to the kind of reaction that a visitor had shortly after he arrived in the United States. (result in/bring )如果不理解这一点，就可能做出类似一位刚到美国的出访者那样的反应。2. One must be careful in assuming that different languages always have words to express the same thing. (one should not readily believe)3. These questions themselves might be surprising to some people. (causing surprise)这些问题本身可能会另一些人奇怪。4. Are the meanings of equivalent words exactly the same in both languages? (be equal to )对等的词的意义在两种语言中完全一样吗？5. People are looking forward to two days of fun and leisure. (expecting)人们盼望两天的娱乐和休闲。Unit 4需要掌握拼写的单词： transport climate atmosphere traffic temperature需要掌握用法的单词： 1. releaseWhen fossil fuels are burned, carbon gas is released into the air.这些化石燃料燃烧时，向天空排放含碳气体。The burning of forests has released plenty of CO2 into the air.燃烧森林释放了大量的二氧化碳(CO2)到空气中2. effectThis is called a greenhouse gas, because it has a similar effect to the glass in the greenhouse.这被称为温室气体，因为这种气体有着同温室玻璃相似的作用。Modern farming method can have a good effect on the environment.现代农业方法对环境有着很好的作用。3. out of controlThe fires they lit got out of control.他们引燃的大火失去了控制。The car went out of control and crashed over the cliff.这辆车失去了控制，撞上了悬崖4. depend onWe must all try to depend less on using fossil fuels.我们必须努力减少对化石燃料的依赖。The country depends almost solely on the tourist trade.这个国家几乎完全依靠旅游业。5avoidWe should avoid using private car. 我们还应尽量不使用私家轿车I avoid disturbing him while he is reading.他看书的时候我尽量避免打扰他。重点句子:1. And the main cause is the burning of fossil fuels such as coal and oil. (major reason)主要原因是燃烧如煤，石油等化石燃料的结果。2. If we carry on putting more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, the earth will become even hotter. (continue)如果我们继续向大气层排放更多的二氧化碳，地球将变得更热。3. This is not only a waster of energy, but it also adds to global warming. (makes the problem of global warming even worse. )这不仅是能源的浪费，而且加剧了全球变暖。4. Limiting population growth may be the first step that would slow down the destruction of rain forests. (make sth. move slowly)限制人口增长或许是减缓热带雨林毁灭的第一步。5. The atmosphere and oceans are not the only parts of the environment being damaged. Rain forests are being quickly destroyed as well, and their survival is questionable. (damaged)环境中正遭受破坏的不仅有大气和海洋，热带雨林也在很快地被毁坏，而且它们是否能够生存下来都是一个疑问。Unit 5需要掌握拼写的单词： sufficient economics interview professional continuous需要掌握用法的单词： 1.aspectIf we only read textbooks, it means that we are concentrating only on one small aspect of life.如果我们只读课本，就意味着我们把眼光仅仅局限于生活中很小的一个方面。She felt she had looked at the problem from every aspect.她觉得她已经从各个方面看问题了。2.assumeDont just assume that everything you need to know is included in your textbook.It is reasonable to assume that the economy will continue to improve.3.despiteThis is still true today, despite the increased use of computers, and TV and radio programs.尽管我们今天更多地利用了电脑，电视和电台节目，但这一点仍然是正确的。Despite what others say, I think hes a good guy.3. be likely thatYet when it comes to getting a job, it is likely that employers will take for granted our knowledge of the subjects we have studied.但当我们求职时，雇主很可能理所当然地认为我们已经具有了学习过的科目的知识。It is very likely that she will call me tonight.她很可能今晚给我打电话。4. byBut I always read when Im traveling by train or plane.我坐火车或飞机旅行时总是读书。I will go to Shanghai by bus.我将乘车去上海。5. keep up withI think it is important to keep up with everything that is happening in the world.我认为了解世界上发生的所有大事是很重要的。Its hard for me to keep up with my classmates.很难跟上我的同学们。重点句子:1. Education experts call on those who have stopped reading after their graduation to set up a proper attitude towards reading. (ask, request)教育专家呼吁那些从学校毕业后就不再读书的人树立一个正确的读书观念。2. One way of continuing your education is by reading books, magazines and newspapers on every subject under the sun. (on all possible subjects)继续教育的一个重要途径就是读一切内容的书本，杂志和报纸。3. Employers want all rounders who understand the world we live in. (people with a wide range of abilities)雇主们需要的是那些了解我们所生存世界的百事通。4. Employers want workers who understand how human relationships work, and understand how society operates. (works)雇主们需要那些了解人际关系如何起作用和社会是如何运行的员工./ 雇主们需要这样的员工, 他们了解人际关系如何起作用和社会是如何运行的.5. To keep up with what is happening in the world, well-informed people read newspapers and magazines. (Maintain the same level )消息灵通的人阅读报纸和杂志来了解世界上都在发生什么事。Unit 6需要掌握拼写的单词： innocent disappointment downtown amazing talented需要掌握用法的单词： 1. an account ofIt is an account of life “in the dirty and noisy Bron” and in the quiet corners of the Hunter home.它记载了肮脏，喧闹的Bronx和亨特家宁静的生活。The book is an account of the authors reflections on the relationship between man and nature.本书记载了作者对人与自然关系的一些思考。2. amazedThey wanted to publish my diary, and I was amazed: apart from anything else, I wasnt even writing a diary at the time.他们想出版我的日记，我感到很惊讶：且不说别的，我那时连日记都没有写呢。I was amazed at the findings of their research.我对他们的调查结果感到很惊奇。3. feel/be down感到沮丧It really makes you feel down to walk around and see the things around you.走在街上看着周围的事物真让人垂头丧气。Hes been down ever since he heard the news.自从他听到这个消息就很沮丧。4come outReports cards come out.成绩单出来了。The news has just come out that the princess is going to have a baby next March.有消息说公主将在明年三月分娩。5letThey let me write whatever I wanted.他们让我想写什么就写什么。He lets me do it according to the plan.他让我根据计划做。重点句子：1. So she was very surprised when she was approached by a major publishing house (contacted)因此，当一家大出版社与她联系时，她感到很惊讶。2. Richard Marek, an editor for Crown Publishers, had the idea for the book when(had the plan for)王冠出版公司编辑Richard Marek有了出这本书的打算。3. Sometimes they would just ask me to expand on a subject. (say in detail)有时他们让我详细谈谈某个话题。4. Ive grown accustomed to realize that nothing will be as I dreamed. (got used to)我已渐渐认识到没有什么东西会像我梦想的那样。5. I love my mother but sometimes she makes me feel less than I really am. (gives me a feeling that Im not good enough )她让我感到比真实的我渺小。Unit 7需要掌握拼写的单词： advantage accurate privilege impression variety需要掌握用法的单词： 1. look likeOnly about 200 men and women have seen what our planet looks like from outer space.只有大约两百人从外层空间看过我们的星球是什么样子。You look like your mother.你长得象你母亲。2. focusEach map gives a different view of the world. Can you identify the area which is the main focus of each map?每一幅都给我们以十分不同的景象。你能确定每一幅地图所主要关注的地区吗？It was the main focus of attention at the m