文献翻译——LED的发展前景

第1页外文文献资料ThedevelopmentprospectsofthemainlandStateLEDLEDdoomeditshugemarketwilldevelopintoahugeindustry.Overall,thedomesticindustryintermsofsizehasbeenunsatisfactory,thetypicalcaseistheintegratedcircuitindustryandtheLCDpanelindustry,thedomesticICindustryisnowtailbetweenitspeople,LCDpanelindustryisriddledwithillness,technologycomplex,largeinvestmentandaweakinfrastructureisthemainreason,whiletheLEDindustrywillbreakthecurse,andcanbringabouttheupgradingofindustries,suchasthedomesticindustryinLCDdriverchipssimplydonotdrive,becausetheLCDpanelindustryoutofthecountry,supportbecauseofhugemarket,LEDDriverICisexpectedtoflourishinthecountrytopromotedomesticenterprisesbiggerandstronger,whichinturnwillpromotethedomesticLCDdriverchiporotherchip-drivendevelopment.ChinasLEDindustryiscurrentlyadisadvantageliesinthefactthataLEDproductsofdomesticenterprisesandoverseastechnicallevelthereisacertaingapinthepursuitofhigh-endcustomersatadisadvantage;Second,thedomesticICmanufacturingbasecomparedtoJapan,KoreaandTaiwan,thesestrongLEDweakareas,LEDepitaxy,chipmanufacturingcapacity,technologicallevelandpoorexternalsupportofsomematerials,thelearningcurvelongerwilltakesometimetocultivate;Third,thesizeofthedomesticLEDbusinessisstillrelativelysmall,mostofthemdidnotexceed100kk/monthlyenergy(bluegreen),thisstateofaffairsinthenexttwoyearswillbeimproved;four,domesticR&Dconcentratedinuniversitiesandresearchinstitutes,productionintheenterprises,thelackofR&Dresultsoftherapidindustrializationoftheconversionmechanism,whichshouldbelearnfromTaiwansIndustrialTechnologyResearchInstituteofthetechnicalachievementsthelicensingmechanismtospeeduptheconversionrateoftechnologicalachievementsandscientificresearchinstitutescannotbefortheirownindustryratherthantheoutcomeofthelatesttechnologyandtimelytransfertoindustry,theGovernmentshouldregulatethedevelopmentofrelevantpolicy-第2页relatedbehavior;fivedomesticlackofcorepatents,inparticularrelatedtotheindustryinthelong-termdevelopmentoftheBlu-raycorepatentsandpatentlackofwhitelight,whichwillenablelong-termdevelopmentofdomesticindustriestofunction.Chinaslocalenterprisesatthisstageismainlyattheinitialstage,smallercompanies,themanufacturersofthemasterdonotconstituteathreattothepatent,patentissuesisnotveryprominent.However,withthedevelopmentandexpansionofdomesticenterprises,oncethescaletoacertainextent,thegoingoutdevelopmentstrategy,willbecomeapotentialpatentissues.Atpresent,thedomesticenterprisestogrowbigger,toimproveproductqualityandtechnicallevelofthemostimportanttaskistoimprovethefuturelicensingcompaniesaskingpriceatthetime,ortograduallybreakthroughthecoreofR&Dpatents.WebelievethattheLEDindustryinChinahasgoodprospectsfordevelopment,basedonthefollowingpoints:First,intermsofthetechnology,LEDtechnologyhasthebottleneckofhighgrowth,low-thresholdcharacteristicsofthestudy,thedomesticlong-termaccumulationinthesemiconductorfieldofresearchresourcescanbeusefulwithagoodbasisforfurtherstudy.Althoughthemanufacturingofintegratedcircuitsbasedonweak,relativelylowtechnologicallevel,butsomedomesticenterprisestojoinoverseastechnicalpersonnel,continuetomakebreakthroughsintechnology,technologicallevelofdomesticenterpriseswithgoodcompanieswiththetechnologicallevelofTaiwanorlessthesameaswithinternationalcompaniesasawholehasbeennarrowingthegap;Second,LEDinvestedrelativelysmallinitialinvestmentwillbe100millionplant,thedomesticenterprisestoenterthethresholdofthelow,easytoachievearollingdevelopmentandmanufactureofintegratedcircuitsandliquidcrystalpanelmanufacturerseasilytotensofbillionsofbillionsofyuanininvestmentitisinsignificanteasieraccesstothedomesticenterprisestoformindustrialclusters,ofcourse,mayalsoleadtoviciouscompetitionandtoacertainstageofdevelopmentofmarketintegration;Third,thedomesticmarketgreat,LEDmarketisthenextmajorgenerallightingmarket,themarketcapacity,end-consumermarket,scatteredanddifficulttoformamonopoly,avastlivingspaceofdomesticenterprises;Fourth,somecompanieshaveacoreofintellectualpropertyrights,suchascrystallinesiliconphotovoltaicsubstratecanGaN-rayprojects,DalianRoad,theareaoftheUnitedStatesandthecoreofthechiptechnology,hasglobalcompetitivenessof第3页theseenterprisesontechnologydevelopmentinthedemonstrationeffecteasytoformandpromotethehealthygrowthofthedomesticbusinessmarket;five,aftermaturityofthetechnology,LEDdownstreampackaginganddevicesarelabor-intensiveproduction,thedevelopmentofthemainlandwiththelaborcostadvantage.ThedevelopmentprocessfromtheLEDindustry,theglobalsalesofLEDaccordingtothemarketiscurrentlythelargestmobilephonebacklightmarket,withmobilephonesalesgrowthslowingdown,aswellastheOLEDscreenonthemobilephoneTFT-LCDscreentoenhancethepenetrationoftheglobalgrowthrateoftheLED.Technologicalprogressasaresultofcostreductioninthecurrent(andevenpre-2010)isnotenoughtoallowfullaccesstogeneraluseLEDlightingmarket,globalgrowthwillbethenextnotebook,LCDTVbacklighting,andautomotivemarketswiththecarinteriorlampbacklightmarket.AstheworldstopfiveLCDpanel(LGPhilips,Samsung,AUO,CMOandSharp)inahighlevelofLEDtechnology,largeproductioncapacityinJapan,TaiwanandSouthKorea,domesticonlyBOE,polishelectricityandtheFiveDragonPVpanelsofthreelines,the4.5-generationShanghaiTianmaproductionlinewillbeabletoafterthedemandforLEDbacklighting,buttheoveralldemandisnotdominant,thedomesticenterprisestoentertheLCDpanelbacklightLEDsupplychainproceedsshouldnotbetoolargebacklitpanelwithmobilephonemarketisquitesimilar.ApplicationoftheChinesemarketatthisstagemainlyinthearchitecturallighting,indoorandoutdoordisplay,basedontheabovereasons,themainforceofthenextwavemaybepresentinthesemarkets,butinmobilephones,smallsizeLCDbacklight,automobilepenetrationwillincrease,andsomescatteredmarketssuchasspeciallightingwillopenupevenmore(thecostofspeciallightingrequirementsforgenerallightingisnotsoharsh).Afterthereplacementofafewyearsago,LEDtrafficlightsisverypopular,astheLEDslifeislonger,theshorttermitisverydifficulttoreplaceintheeventoflarge-scalework,whichmakestheLEDtrafficlightsforaperiodoflowdemandperiod;alargedomesticsedanmarket,buthigher,certificationcyclelength,aslongasthereisexcellentproductquality,domesticmotorvehiclelightsLEDbacklightingandaverylargemarketdemandandgrowthindemandinthismarketisrelativelystable;andLEDdisplayitseasytoassemble,lowpowerconsumption,highbrightness,etc.hasbeenwidely第4页appliedtothebanking,securities,squares,railwaystations,sportsvenues,thefutureofthismarketthereisstillgreatpotentialforgrowth;intheOlympicGames,WorldExpo,anumberofcitynightdemonstrationeffectoftheproject,ledbyNationalSemiconductorLightingProject,aswellasthemanyfavorablefactors,suchasthepromotionof,thearchitecturallightingmarketisstillabroadprospect.Generallyspeaking,anumberoflargeinternationalcompaniesfocusedonhigh-end,moreconcentratedtargetmarketsreadymarket,aswellasgenerallightingofthehugepotentialmarket,andsomeoftheproductswillberelativelylowtechnicalrequirementsthatthefuturecontrolofthedecentralizednatureofthemarketsoweakoutofhandbecauseofitslargenumberofpatents,donotworryaboutthefuturewasoutofthemarketatthisstagenottopursueproductioncapacity(permonthtoNichia500kk,ToyodaGoseiandCreewere350kkand300kk),andfocusontechnologytoleadthemarkettrend,Whenthetechnologyismatureenoughtobethesizeofthemarketintothegenerallighting,itisestimatedthatitsproductioncapacitywillberapidlyandatthesametimetoreduceexternallicensing.Thiscenter-peripheryofthecompetitionisexpectedtomaintainalongperiodoftime.Atpresent,themajormanufacturersintheMainlandmarket,ifthefearofchipexportswillencountertwochallenges:First,largeinternationalcompaniesinpatentlitigation(mainlyblueandwhite),infact,aslongasacertainsize,regardlessoftheexportandwhetherthepatentwillencounterchallenges,buttheexportofpatentlitigationismorelikelythatanumberof;Second,thecompetitivenessofotherexternalvendors,especiallymanufacturersinTaiwan,Taiwanstraditionalmanufacturersfollowedtheirstrategy-andtechnologytotracktheinternationalcompanies,atthesametimestronglyimproveproductivity,reducecostsandproductioncapacityinTaiwantheworldsfirstchip,thereareanumberofotherindustriessuchasthegiantHonHai,theMau,thetotalbeinggoodtoenterthisarea,caninfluencethefutureofTaiwanLEDchipglobalmarketpricefluctuations.Giventhehugedomesticmarketdemand,domesticchipplants,evenifitcanrelyonthedomesticmarketofthedevelopmentofanadequate,ifthephotovoltaiccompaniesoverseasunlimitedaccesstodomesticmarkets,domesticcompanieswillfacecontinuedcompetitivepressures,whichinthelong-termdomesticenterprisesisaverynegativestatement.LEDindustryisgrowingatthis第5页stage,butalsothelayoutoftheLEDmakersaviewofdomestic,foreigninvestmentintheMainlandtoenjoytaxincentives,domesticenterprisestocompeteinanunequalpositiontoenterthedomesticmarkettoforeigninvestorsshouldbeencouragedtosetupfactoriesinChinatoengageinoutreach,chipcoretechnology,suchasenterprises,theseenterprisescanpromotepersonneltrainingandraisingtheoverallskilllevel;shouldbelimitedtothosepackagesinthecountry,epitaxial,chip,suchaspartofthecoretechnologyfortheoccupationintheforeignmarketfromtheenterprise,Oncesuchabusinesscardinallcoreareas,andlocalenterprisesdonotenjoythebenefitsoftechnologicalprogress,developmentandlimitedspace,Iamafraidtheywillscrambletorelyonpricewar,notsohardtocurryfavorwiththeirownthing,sodealwithonlypartofthecurrentpackageinChinatolimitforeigninvestment,suchasimporttariffsleviedonthechip.Fromthepatentlitigationisconcerned,itsnotterrible,aslongasourmaincompetitors,havetopay,westillcompeteinthesamestartingline,TaiwansmajorinvolvingtheblueandwhiteLEDchipfactoryinthegrowthprocesshaveexperiencedlitigationLED,reachedasettlementintheproceedingstoobtainpatents,continuetogrow.Thebestresponseistodoatthisstagealarge-scale,accesstopatents,whileatthesametimestrengthenitsownR&Dtoimprovethepatentlitigationinthebargainingpowerforcross-licensing.Domesticenterprisesintermsofsize,XiamenSananmayusherinthegrowthofthefirstbaptism.Thefutureindustrialcompetitivenesswilldependontwoaspects,firstly,technology,includingtoimprovelight-emittingefficiencyandlowerthecostoftechnologytoimprovepowerdevicetechnology,thedirectionoftheroadthereisanextensionofexistingtechnology,butalsopossibleroutesofnewtechnologies;alsoincludingaccesstohigh-qualitytechnologyproducts,aswellasexternalsystemssuchaslightingdesignandtechnology-drivenchipdesign;Second,thescale,ontheonehand,duetolargescaletoreducecosts,themarketstrongbargainingpower;Ontheotherhand,compoundswithICwafermanufactureofsiliconusedisverydifferent,evenifanextensiononthesameproductionoutofthechipperformancemaybequitedifferent,whichrequirerelativelyhighconsistencyofapplicationareas(suchasatypicalLCDbacklight),theextensionofanThereisonlyapartoftomeettherequirements,butlarge-scaleenterprises,the第6页numberoflevelsofmarketstructure,canbeinconsistentwiththerequirementsofaparticularmarketdeploymentofchipproductstoanothermarket,thecompanystotaloutputtoincreasetheefficiencyofthefull.LEDindustryabrightfuture,butonlyintheabove-mentionedtwoaspectsoftheindustrysleadingenterpriseisthefutureking.Conclusion:Companycommented,domesticenterprisesshouldbeconcernedaboutwhat?IntheentireLEDindustrychainandwhichbusinessconcern?Fromtheoveralldevelopmentprocess,thefivecompaniesmostinvestmentvalue.Aclassofintellectualpropertyrightsisacorebusiness.Roomforthedevelopmentofsuchenterprisesinthemostbroad-baseddomestictoNanchangUniversityestablishedajointprivateequityfundisthecrystalcanbeatypicalrepresentativeofphotoelectric,photoelectriccrystalcanbemadeofsilicon-basedGaNepitaxialBlu-raytechnologytotheworldstopthreeblueLightoneprocesstechnologytobreakthroughforeignpatentsNichiaandCreeblockade,thecompanyissetupnearthecurrentleveloftheindustryneedtobeinspected;anotherLumingforDalian,thecompanythroughtheacquisitionofAmericanLEDchipmanufacturerstomakechipsAXTtechnologyincreases,accesstomorethan40patentedcoretechnologies,aswellasthetechnicalteam.Inaddition,DalianLumingengagedinrareearthsincetheoriginallight-emittingmaterial,whiteinthesynthesisoffluorescentpowderusedintheproductionofanedge,isoneoftheworldproductionofonlyafewcanproducelight-emittinglight-emittingmaterialscanchipbusiness.Moreover,thepossibilityofR&DLumingnewrare-earthfluorescentpowder,breakthroughNichia,Osramwhitelighttechnology,suchaspatents,forthedomesticindustryintothegeneralLEDlightingbreakthroughinthelastbarriers!WhiteLEDlightingaslongasthetwomajorstumblingblock-Blu-raypatentandwhitepatenttomakeabreakthrough,thedomesticLEDindustryabrightfutureaheadfortherestofthedomesticindustryistotesttheabilityoftheindustry.Otherenterprisesinthechipindustryandtechnologytotrackmoresuccessfuldoingbusiness.AbilitytocarryouttheactualchipdesignandprocessingofgreenextensionofacertainsizeandmainlyconcentratedintheSamanXiamen,DalianRoad,UnitedStates(Lumingsubsidiaries),severalcompaniessuchas,thecurrentscaleofproductionwithLED-rayonlySaman第7页Xiamen.Xiamen,TaiwanMOCVD12Saman,redchipspermonthcan1000kk,bluechip200kk/month,technologyinthedomesticleadinglevel,withfull-colorultra-highbrightnessLEDchipproductioncapacity,salesrevenuein2006nearly300million,themarketwaswellreceived;Moreover,TaiwansoptoelectronicsandinformedEpistartosetupfactoriesinXiamen,thelocalformationofindustrialclusterstoenhancethecapacityofindustryandtechnicalpersonnelsupportingtheflowoftheimportanceofthedevelopmentofthethreealsohaveanimportantroleinpromoting.capacityofthecurrentblue-chip100kk/months,thelevelofadvancedchiptechnology,thecompanywillbeinAugusttwonewMOCVD,intotwonextyear,capacitywillbeblue-chip300kk/months,whenavailablebrightredandgreenandblueLEDchips,LEDchipsalesin2007expectedtoreach200million,withacertainscaleinthemarkethaveacertainbrand;AnotheradvantageliesinitstraditionalintegratedcircuitdesigncompaniesinLEDDriverICdesignandmanufacturecanmakeadifference,thecompanysproductshavebeenlaunchedinthisregard,italsooptimisticabouttheprospectsforthedevelopment.DalianRoadintheindustrializationoftheUnitedStatesalsomadeawell-known,bothintellectualpropertyandthesuccessoftheindustrializationofthecharacteristicsoftwotypesofdevelopment.Theformertwocategoriesofenterprisesarethecoreadvantageofmoreconcentrated,theinvestmentvaluewillfirstappear.Thethirdtypeofenterpriseisthebestpackageofdownstreambusinesses,suchasXiamenHualian,FoshanStateStarselectricity.Thedevelopmentofdomestic-scaleintegratedcircuitsisamajorfeatureoftheareaoflocalenterprisedevelopmentpackageisbetterinthefieldofdesignandmanufacture,itisestimatedthatinthefieldofLEDpackagingcompanieswillalsobeagooddevelopmentopportunities,orevenfasterthantheupperandmiddlereachesofepitaxialchipbusinessdevelopment,becausethepackagecanbepurchasedforeignchipcompaniestomeetdomesticmarketdemand,whiledomesticenterpriseswillfollowtheroadmapchiptechnologyprogress.ThefieldofLED,whiteLEDlighteffectthroughthepackagetoachievesomeothercolorlightsourcemustalsobepackagedintoadevicefortheterminalmarket,thelevelofpackagingtechnologywilldirectlydeterminetheoveralldevelopmentofLEDmarket!Atpresent,mainlyconcentratedinthelowerreachesofLEDpackagingindustry,butthemajorityof第8页lowlevelsofenterprisepackage,leadingtofiercecompetition,withtheescalationofendmarkets,excellentdownstreampackagingincreasinglystrongbrand,technologybecomingmoreadvanced,itisboundtocometothefore,theinvestmentvalueofatoembody.ThefourthtypeofenterpriseswillriseinthefutureofLEDlightingincommonareas,suchaslightingdesign,professionalbranddevelopedawhiteLEDgeneralilluminationlightandlampmanufacturers,andso,asthelargestmarketforLEDapplications,high-investmentvalueofsomeenterprisesamatterofcourse,onlyamatteroftimeratherlong.ThefifthtypeofLEDindustrychaininoutlyingareasofelectronicmaterials,suchassilicon,siliconresin,leadframepackaging,coolingmodule,etc.;aswellasthefieldofLEDdriverIC,currentintheseareasisstillrelativelyweak,itisnecessarytoexperiencealong-term,driverchipsareexpectedtogrowfasterthanotheroutlyingareas.LCDDriverICdomesticindustrializationquitesuccessful,tobenefitsmall,mainlyduetothelowerreachesofthemarket(panelmanufacturers)thelackofdesignandmanufactureofintegratedcircuitsbasedonrelativelyweak,andnowaverybroadsemiconductorlightingtodomesticdownstreammarket-drivenindustrialdevelopmentchiptheopportunitytogrow,itisbelievedthatcometotheforeanumberofenterprises.Inrespectoflistedcompanies,prospects,anditsextensioninthehighlightedbluechipindustries,suchasacorevalueofthetechnologytomakeabreakthroughinpowerLEDdriverIC,thereisalsothelaunchoftheirproductsinthemarkethasacertainreputation,inepitaxial,chiptechnologyindustrytofurthermatureandreachacertainsize,thecompanyisexpectedtobepackagedintothedownstreammarket,openuptheindustrychain.第9页中文翻译稿LED的发展前景LED的巨大的市场注定其将发展成一个巨大的产业。总的来说,国内产业的规模一直不尽人意，典型案例是集成电路、液晶面板行业,国内集成电路产业现在是徘徊在产业尾部。液晶面板产业充斥着疾病，技术复杂。大型投资和基础设施薄弱是主要原因,而LED行业将打破诅咒，并且带来产业的升级换代。例如液晶驱动芯片的国内产业，由于液晶面板产业和巨大的市场支持，LED驱动IC预计在中国蓬勃发展，并且使国内企业更大更强,从而促进国内LCD驱动芯片的发展。中国LED行业目前所处劣势在于国内企业和国外的LED产品技术水平在追求高端客户方便有一定的差距。其次，相比国内集成电路制造业基地，日本、韩国、台湾，这些LDE发展较强的区域，LED拓展，芯片制造能力，技术水平和糟糕的外部支持，需要一些时间来加强。第三，国内LDE业务的规模仍相对较小，他们中的大多数没有超过100kk/月的能源，这种状况在未来两年将得到改善。第四，国内研发集中在大学和研究机构、生产企业，缺乏研发成果快速产业化的转换机制。应借鉴台湾工业技术研究院的技术成果许可机制，加快科技成果的转化率和科学研究机构。不能为自己的行业不是最新技术的结果，及时转移产业，政府应该规范的发展相关的政策性行为。第五，国内缺乏核心专利，特别是相关行业长期发展的蓝光核心专利，专利缺乏光明,这将增强国内产业的长期发展的功能。中国本地企业在这个阶段主要处于初始阶段，规模较小的公司和制造商的专利不构成威胁，专利问题不是很突出。然而，随着国内企业的发展和扩张，一旦规模在一定程度上遵循“走出去”的发展战略，将成为一个潜在的专利问题。目前，国内企业逐渐变扩大，提高产品质量和技术水平是最重要的任务，是研发专利逐步突破的核心。我们相信我国LED产业具有良好的发展前景，基于以下几点：第一，在技术方面LED技术处于高速增长的瓶颈，国内长期积累在半导体领域研究资源为进一步研究打下了良好的基础。虽然集成电路制造的基础差，技术水平相对较低，但是随着一些国内企业海外技术人员加入，技术不断的突破，国内企业的良好技术水平、企业与台湾的技术水平与国际公司作为一个整体，已经缩小了差距。第二，投资相对较小的初始投资1亿，国内企业进入的门槛低，容易导致滚动发展。制造集成电路和液晶面板制造商数百亿数十亿元的投资都是“微不足道”的，更容易使国内企业形成产业集群。当然，还可能导致第10页恶性竞争和发展阶段的市场整合。第三，国内市场大，LED市场主要是普通照明市场，消费者市场分散，难以形成垄断一个巨大的国内企业的生存空间。第四，一些企业的核心知识产权，如晶体硅光伏衬底项目，美国的面积和芯片的核心技术，具有全球竞争力的企业技术发展的示范效应容易形成和促进国内商业市场的健康发展。第五，成熟的技术导致下游的劳动密集型生产,包装和设备的发展与大陆劳动力具有成本优势。LED行业的开发过程中，全球的LED销售根据市场目前最大的手机背光市场，与手机销售增长放缓提高了LED屏幕手机液晶屏幕渗透的全球LED的增长率。技术进步降低了成本，在当前（甚至2010年以前）允许完全访问一般使用LED照明市场在全球经济增长下将成为下一个液晶笔记本和汽车室内灯背光市场。作为世界五大液晶面板(LG飞利浦、三星、友达、CMO和夏普)LED的一个高水平的技术，大量生产能力在日本、台湾、韩国。国内只有央行、波兰电力和五个龙光伏电池板三行，4.5代上海天马生产线需求后能使用LED背光，但整体需求不占主导地位，国内企业进入液晶屏背光使供应链收益不应太大面板背光手机市场非常相似。中国市场应用LED在这个阶段主要是在建筑照明、室内外显示屏。基于