高二英语知识点语法及练习

高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析 Unit1 2 短语归类 考点 1 含 difference 的短语 make a no some etc difference to sb sth 对某人 某事物有 没有 有些 关系 影响 make a difference between 区别对待 make some difference to 对 有些 没有 关系 have a difference in character 在性格上有差别 例句 It makes no difference t0 me which side may loseor win 谁输准赢对我没有 什么关系 She makes a difference between her family and herwork 她对工作和家庭是有区别 的 考例 1 I m afraid to tell you that the medicine will no difference to your illness so stop taking it A take B make C get D do 考查目标 此题主要考查 difference 的动词搭配问题 答案与解析 B make a difference 是固定搭配 此时不可用其他动词 13 draw one s attention to sth 对 表示注意 The manager drew my attention to an error in myreport 经理要我注意报告中的一个错误 拓展 pay attention to 注意 call one s attention to sth 叫某人注意某事 turn attention to sth 转移注意力到 考点 2 与 fire 有关的短语 be on fire 在燃烧 set fire to sth set sth on fire 纵火 放火烧 catch fire 着火 make a fire 生火 light a fire 点火 put out a fire 灭火 play with fire 玩火 冒险 be on fire for 因 而激动 充满激情 be full of fire 充满激情 under fire 受到攻击 例句 The students are on fire for what they re learning in the computer class 学生 对电脑课的学习内容充满激情 The boy is full of fire 这孩子充满热情 The grass caught fire and the grass was on fire for a short time 草燃着了 草烧了一会儿 He who plays with fire gets burned 玩火者必自焚 谚语 辨析 be on fire 表示状态 而 catch fire 则表示动作 其完成时不可和段时间 状语连用 考例 2 2004 全国卷 II The forest guards often findcampfires that have not been completely A turned down B put out C put away D turned over 考查目标 此题主要考查动词短语辨义 答案与解析 B turn down 是 调低 拒绝 的意思 put out 是 熄灭 生产 伸出 的意思 put away 是 收拾 的意思 turn over 是 翻过来 的意思 14 look up to 尊敬 钦佩 He has always looked up to his father In his eyes he isperfect 他一直尊敬他父亲 在他的眼中 他是完美的 拓展 look down on upon sb 轻视 瞧不起某人 考点 5 后有 to 的动词短语 lead to 通向 导致 look up to 尊敬 stick to 坚持 get used to 习惯于 look forward to 渴望 盼望 get down to 认真做某事 see to 注意 着手办理 pay attention to 注意 devote to 致力于 投身于 belong to 属于 attend to 照顾 照料 object to 反对 be opposed to 反对 refer to 提到 参阅 contribute to 对 有贡献 come to 谈到 涉及 adjust to 适合于 例句 The bridge leads to the island 这座桥通向那个岛 So many spelling mistakes in the article led to great difficulty in reading 该篇文章 拼写错误太多 令人看起来非常费劲 He s such a devoted teacher that we all look up to him 他是一个有奉献精神的老师 我们都尊敬他 He has never felt looked up to 他从没有觉得有人尊敬他 The day they had been looking forward to came at last 他们渴望的那一天终于到来 The final examination is coming up soon It s time for us to get down to our studies 期末考试就要来了 是我们认真学习的时候了 This machine is out of order get a mechanic to see to it 这台机器坏了 找个技工 来检修一下 友情提示 以上短语中的 to 是介词 后接名词或动名词 考例 5 2004 湖北 Once a decision has been made allof us should it A direct to B stick to C lead to D refer to 考查目标 此题主要考查动词短语辨析 答案与解析 B direct 本身是及物动词 后不需 to refer to 的意思是 涉及 参阅 指的是 考点 3 与 turn 有关的短语 turn out 生产 结果是 turn down 关小 灯光 音量等 拒绝 turn to 转向 求助于 turn up 开大 灯光 音量等 出现 露面 turn on off 打开 关上 turn aside 闪开 放在一边 turn over 使 翻转 把某人交给 警方等 turn in 上缴 移交 turn against 背叛 turn away from 转过脸不看 turn round 转过去 例句 She turned out six full length novels in her life 她一生写了 6 部长篇小说 The beggar turned out to be a thief 那个乞丐原来是个贼 That radio is pretty loud Can you turn it down a little 收音机声音太大 你能开小一点吗 Many boys expressed their love to Mary but she turned them all down 许多男孩向玛丽表达爱慕之意 但都被她拒绝了 After he left the university he became a teacher but later he turned to translation 他 大学毕业后当了教师 但后来转而从事翻译工作 We often turn to this handbook for information 我们经常查阅这本手册寻找资料 He promised to come but hasn t turned up yet 他答应来 但尚未到 When he felt tired he turned aside from his books to listen to the radio 感到疲劳 时 他就把书放在一边去听收音机 友情提示 要准确记住不同的搭配 尤其是一个短语有多个意思的 考例 3 2004 浙江 We wanted to get home before dark but it didn t quite as planned A make out B turn out C go on D come up 考查目标 此题主要考查动词短语的辨义 答案与解析 B make out 有 弄清楚 明白 的惠思 turn out 的意思是 结 果是 证明是 go on 的意思是 继续 come up 的意思是 过来 走来 题意是 我们原来想在天黑前到家 但结果并不像预计的那样 考点 4 what 短语 what if 如果 将会怎样 what for 为了什么 干什么用 what about 怎么样 例句 What if she finds out you ve lost her book 如果她发现你弄丢了她的书将会 是怎样呢 What did you do that for 你干吗做那件事 What about having a rest 休息一会儿怎么样 考例 4 2004 全国卷 I Susan will you please go and empty that drawer A What for B What is it C How is it D How come 考查目标 此题主要考查交际用语 答案与解析 A 根据语境 答语中问的是目的 该句其实是个省略句 补全 后的完整句子是 I go and empty that drawer for what what 提前构成疑问句就成 了 what for 或 for what 词语比较 1 observe watch 当 观察 来讲时 observe 相当于 watch carefully 尤其用于实验或研究等 场合 具体来说 observe 含有 察觉到 的意思 watch 意为 盯着看 watch 还含有 观看 比赛 电视 等 而 observe 没有此意 另外 watch 还有 照料 之意 相当于 take care of 还有 当心 之意 相当于 be careful with She has observed the stars all her life 她一生都在观察星星 I ll watch the baby while you are away 你不在时 由我照料你女儿 You d better watch Mr Smith I think he is a thief 你最好当心史密斯先生 我想他是个贼 2 be known for be known as be known to be known for 以 出了名 通常不是指同位的关系 be known as 作为 出了名 通常加上职业名词 表同位关系 be known to 为 所知 Japan is known for its cars 日本以它的汽车而闻名 Luxun is known as a writer 鲁迅作为作家很出名 As is known to all China has four famous invitations 众所周知 中国有四大著名的发明 3 elect select choose elect 只能用于选举人 是投票选举的正式用语 They elected Nixon President 他们选尼克松为总统 choose 可用于挑选人或物 It s hard for me to choose one from s0 many pairs of shoes 要从这么多双鞋子当中挑选一双对我来说真是太难了 select 意为精心挑选 多用于物 She selected a pair of socks to match her suit 他精心挑选了一双袜子来与衣服搭配 4 burn down burn up burn out bum down 指 烧为平地 烧毁 也指 火力减弱 The house was burnt down in an hour 房子一小时被烧为平地 bum up 有 烧旺 之意 也可指 消耗掉 You d better put more wood on the fire to make it burn up 你最好往火上添着柴 让它烧旺 bum out 指 火熄灭 The fire had burnt out before I returned 在我回来前 火已经熄灭了 精典题例 1 The news reporters hurried to the airport only the film stars had left 2004 福建 A to tell B be told C telling D told 解析 选 B 该题考查不定式做结果状语的用法 不定式前有 only just 等词 后跟不定式通常表结果 又因为记者们应该是被告知 所以用不定式的 被动式 2 Having been in bed for nearly a month they had a hard time the exam 2004 福建 A pass B to pass C passed D passing 解析 选 D 该题考查句型 have a hard time in doing 3 He hasn t slept at all for three days he is tired out 2005 湖北 A There is no point B There is no need C It is no wonder D It is no way 解析 选 C 依题意 他三天没睡 难怪他累极了 There is no point in doing sth 是本单元的句型 意为 做某事没有作用或意义 而 There is no need in doing sth 没有必要做某事 It is no wonder 没什么大惊小怪 It is no way 没可能 4 The disc digitally in the studio sounded fantastic at the party that night 2004 上海 A recorded B recording C to be recorded D having recorded 解析 选 A 通过分析句子 该题句子的谓语显然是 sounded 因此 recorded 只能是非谓语 所以选 A 考查过去分词在句中做定语的用法 recorded 相当于 which was recorded 5 I know the money is safe I shall not worry about it 2003 北京 A Even though B Unless C As long as D While 解析 选 C 句意为 只要我知道钱是安全的 我就不会担心 even though 即使 unless 除非 while 当 时候 它们都同句意不吻合 6 We were swimming in the lake suddenly the stoma started 2004 北 京春季 A when B while C until D before 解析 选 A 该题考查连词的用法 该句的意思是 当我们正在湖里游 泳的时候 突然暴风雨开始了 when 表示 这时 突然 的意思 这种用法 when 一般放句末 7 Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year a record US 57 65 a barrel on April 4 2005 山东 A have reached B reaching C to reach D to be reaching 解析 选 B 分词在句中做结果状语 可参见本单元的句型 6 8 the pot for me and don t let the milk come out I ll be back soon A Observe B Notice C Watch D Look out 解析 选 C watch 表示集中精力 照料 监视 本句意为 帮我看 着壶 别让牛奶溢出来 observe 意为 观察 表示动作 Notice 指 注 意到 表示结果 look out 后面不能接宾语 高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析 Unit3 4 短语归类 考点 3 含 as 的动词短语 experience as consider as look upon on as treat as 把 认为是 act as 担任 起 的作用 serve as 当 充当 work as 当 充当 use as 把 用作 例句 The theory is experienced as very advanced 这个理论被认为是非常高深 的 He acted as chairman in my absence 我不在时他担任主席 He serves as a waiter in a restaurant 他在一家餐馆里当服务员 考例 3 Classroom testing if well down most certainly as a stimulus 刺激 to study and real learning A uses B looks C acts D does 考查目标 此题主要考查短语动词的辨义问题 答案与解析 C 弄清题意 准确地判断空白处的意义 题意是 课堂测试 如 果做得好的话 一定会对学习和真正的学习有刺激作用 也就是说 课堂测试 可以充当刺激 A 项应该使用被动态 B D 两项则不能和 as 构成搭配 2 call up 打电话 唤醒 使人想起 The sound of seagulls called up his happy memories of his childhood 海鸥的叫声唤起他对童年的幸福的记忆 Please call me up at five 请五点叫醒我 或 五点打电话给我 已学与 call 常见的搭配还有 call off 取消 挂断电话 call at on 拜访某地 某人 call for 要求 来找某人 call in 召集 召来 考点 4 含 come into 的动词短语 come into being 形成 产生 come into effect force 开始实施 生效 come into use service 开始使用 come into power 开始执政 上台 come into view sight 进入视线 come into fashion 开始流行 例句 Romanticism didn t come into being until in the late 18 century in Europe 浪 漫主义运动直到 18 世纪未期才产生于欧洲 The new seat belt regulations came into effect last week 使用安全带的新规定于上 周生效 考例 4 The church gate came into as we rounded the next corner A being B service C effect D view 考查目标 此题主要考查动词搭配问题 答案与解析 D 题意 我们又拐了一个弯时 教堂的大门映入了我们的眼帘 4 go against 违反 违背 意愿 原则等 对 不利 无被动形式 I m not to go against my own family 我不会背离我自己的家人的 He was afraid that the hattie would go against them 他害怕那场战斗会对他们不利 6 keep out of 挡住 不让进 He closed the window t0 keep the wind out of the house 他关上窗户不让风进来 进房子 The sign says Keep out 牌子上写着 请勿入内 类似用法 keep off 别碰 避开 You d better keep off the sweet food 你最好少吃甜食 Keep offthe grass 请勿践踏草地 考点 1 含 look 的短语 look at 看待 考虑 检查 look around about 环顾 look up 查阅 仰视 look into 调查 look on 旁观 look back on 回顾 回想 look down upon on 看不起 鄙视 look over 翻阅 复习 检查 look to 照顾 注意 look up to 尊敬 1ook forward to 盼望 预计会有 look out for 提防 当心 look on upon as 把 看作 look like 看上去像 look for 寻找 look sb up and down 上下打量某人 look after 照看 照料 look ahead 向前看 look out 小心 看外面 look through 浏览 检查 例句 That s the way I look at it 那就是我看待这事的方式 When all the facts have been looked up pass them on to me 所有事实查出后 转 交给我 The police are looking into the records of all those involved in the crime 警方正在 调查所有涉嫌这起犯罪的记录 Looking back on it one realizes that it was far from being a satisfactory conference 回顾过去 人们会意识到那不是一次成功的会议 考例 1 In order to get a better solution I think we d better the question from all sides A look out B look up C look for D look at 考查目标 此题主要考查短语动词的搭配问题 答案与解析 D 不同的介词或副词搭配 有不同的意义 look out 查处 找出 当心 注意 look for 寻找 7 send for 派人请 叫人拿 We sent for the document this morning 我们今天上午派人去取这份文件 Will somebody go and get Dr White 有人去请怀特医生了吗 He s already been sent for 已经派人去了 与 send 的常见搭配有 send off 发出 send up 发射 send out 发出 等 8 set aside 把 放在一边 留出 He set aside his book and lit a cigarette 他把书放在一边 点燃一支香烟 Each month she tried to set aside part of her salary 每月他都设法留出工资的一部分 aside 其他常见用法还有 stand aside 靠边站 move aside 移到旁边 put sth aside for sb 把某物留给某人 考点 2 含 up 的动词短语 call up 召唤 调动 使人想起 打电话给 light up 照亮 变得高兴起来 fill up 填写 盛满 take up 占用 拿起 从事 pick up 拾起 接送 听到 学会 例句 Your letter calls up the days when we worked together in the countryside 20 years ago 你的信使人想起 20 年前我们在一起工作的日子 Sue s face lighted up when she heard the good news 听到这个好消息时 苏流露出 愉快的面容 The room soon filled up with people 房间里不久就挤满了人 She s taken up flower decoration at evening classes 她在夜校学习插花 考例 2 It has been raining harder and harder for quite a few days The village seemed to be in danger of being flooded Mr Smith decided to all the youngmen in the village to strengthen the river bank A call in B call up C call at D call for 考查目标 此题主要考查动词辨义问题 答案与解析 B call in 召进 请进 call at a place 访问 某地 call or 需要 去接 考点 5 副词短语 far from 完全不 远不 next to 儿乎 仅次于 in a hurry 匆忙 很快地 例句 The problem is far from being easy 这个问题完全不容易 Papering the ceiling proved next to impossible without aladder 用纸糊天花板没有 梯子儿乎是不可能的 She dressed herself in a hurry 她匆匆地穿上衣服 友情提示 far from 后可接名词 形容词 或 being 形容词 名词 next to 后常接一些否定词 考例 5 I m terribly sorry to tell you that your work is far from A satisfying B a satisfaction C being satisfactory D to satisfy 考查目标 此题主要考查 far from 的用法 答案与解析 C satisfaction 是不可教名词 前不可使用 a from 后不可接不定 式 satisfying 虽然意思与 satisfactory 相同 但常使用 satisfactory 其中 being 经 常省略 精典题例 1 Modern plastics can very high and very low temperatures 2005 山东 A stand B hold C carry D support 解析 选 A 句意为 承受高温或低温 故选 stand 2 When the museum will be open to the public next year A completed B completing C being completed D to be completed 解析 选 A 该题从句使用了省略形式 省略了与主句主语一致的主语 the museum 和系动词 is 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中 若从句主语与主 句主语一致 同时从句谓语动词又含有系动词 be 常可省略从句主语与系动词 be 3 This is an illness that can result in total blindness if A leaving untreated B left untreated C leaving to untreat D left untreating 解析 选 B if 后的逻辑关系是 这种病被忽视未被治疗 表示被动关系 通过两个分词 left 和 untreated 表示 完整句子为 if it is left untreated 分词作 非谓语动词可带连词 4 The manager decided to give the job to he believe had a strong sense of duty A whoever B whomever C who D no matter who 解析 选 A whoever 引导宾语从句 作介词 to 的宾语 但同时又做主 句的主语 不能用 whomever 而 no matter who 引导让步状语从句 所以也不 能用 5 nice the fish was sold out soon A Tasted B Tasting C To taste D Being taste 解析 选 B 系动词 作不及物动词用 无被动语态 所以不能用过去 分词 而用现在分词 tasting nice 做原因状语 6 In the dark forests some large enough to hold several English towns 2005 辽宁 A stand many lakes B lie many lakes C many lakes lie D many laks stand 解析 选 B 该句倒装 主语是 lakes 不及物动词 stand lie 均可用来 表达 位于 但 stand 意为 站立 屹立 用于立体物体 lie 为 躺 卧 相对于平面而言 7 The scientists my the plant s in this area was a terrible sign of the worse environment A introduetion B absence C presence D appearance 解析 选 B 全句意为 这个地区这种植物的消失是环境恶化的一种迹 象 8 Will 200 I m afraid not We need at least 50 more dollars A count B satisfy C fit D do 解析 选 D 问句意为 200 美元可行吗 do 可作不及物动词 作 行 可以 解 表示对莱一事实的认可 fit 意为 吻合 不是抽象意义的 合适 9 The key doesn t the lock A fit B fit for C fit to D fit with 解析 选 A 此处应作及物动词用 意为 这把钥匙不是配这把锁的 不及物用法应为 fit in with 形容词用法应是 be fit for 或 be fit to do 10 You don t look well recently Try to strong wine A keep off B keep out C keep out of D keep up 解析 选 A keep off 意为 别碰 远离 句意是 身体不好 不要 喝烈酒 keep up 意为 坚持 保持 keep out of 意为 不让 进来 高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析 Unit5 6 短语归类 考点 5 clear up 和 clean up clear up 整理 消除 澄清 放晴 clean up 彻底打扫 清理干净 例句 Would you clean up this room before our visitors arrive 客人到来之前 你 打扫房间好吗 She would like to have a talk with her classmate to clear up their misunderstanding 他想和同学交谈以解除他们之间的误会 There are some points I d like to clear up 有几点我要澄清一下 考例 5 On his mother s arrival the crying boy s face A cleared up B clearled up C was lit up D reflected up 考查目标 此题主要考查短语辨义问题 答案与解析 A light up 此处不用被动态 D 不合题意 考点 l 与 consist 有关的短语 consist of 由 组成 be made up of consist in 在于 例句 The club consists of more than 200 members 俱乐部南 200 多个成员组成 The beauty oF the village consists in its clean air and peaceful environment 这个村 庄的美丽之处在于它清洁的空气和幽静的环境 友情提示 consist of 不用于被动语态 考例 1 The opening province which thirteen counties and three coastal cities will quicken its paces of economic development A consists of B makes up C is included D is contained 考查目标 此题主要考查相似意义的短语或动词的用法辨义问题 答案与解析 A B 应该使用被动结构 即 is made up of C 不应该使用被动 语态 而 D 本身是错误的 在本题中不可使用 10 deal with 处理 对付 How can I deal with the problem 我应该如何处理这个问题 相当于 What can I do with the problem Deal with aman as he deals with you 以其人之道还治其人之身 deal with 也可译作 与 有生意来往 We have dealt with the finn for many years 我们和这家公司有多年生意来往 考点 4 in store have keep hold in store 储藏着 准备着 将发生的 例句 Nobody knows what the future may hold in store 没有人知道将来会是怎样 There was a big surprise in store 有一个大惊奇在等着呢 考例 4 There was another accident for him that day A in the way B in store C in effect D in case 考查目标 此题主要考查短语辨义 答案与解析 B in the way 挡路 in effect 事实上 in case 万一 以防 考点 2 与 point 有关的短语 at the point 在某处 一度 to the point 切中要点 off the point 离题 be on the point of doing sth when 正要做某事 突然 There s no point in doing sth 做某事没有意义 point at to 指向 point out 指出 例句 At one point at the meeting the manager nearly lost his temper 会上经理一 度几乎大发脾气 His remarks on the matter were much to the point 他就这事的评论非常切中要点 The boy was on the point of going to bed when the telephone rang 这孩子正要上床 睡觉这时电话响了 There s very little point in arguing further 再争论下去意义不大 考例 2 The peaks flue so close to each other that the distance between them is 5 meters A to the point B at one point C at the point D On the point 考查目标 此题主要考查短语的辨义问题 答案与解析 B 两座山峰如此紧靠着以至于最贴近的一处距离仅为五米 考点 3 动词 名词 介词 短语 make the most of make the best of make full use of 充分利用 pay attention to 注意 take care of 照看 照顾 take notice of 注意 make notes of 纪录 例句 The most must be made of these natural resources to develop the economy of the country 要充分利用自然资源来发展国家的经济 Our attention should be paid to water pollution 我们应该注意水的污染问题 友情提示 这类三词词组的被动态形式有两种 一是把介词后的宾语作为被 动态的主语 二是把中间的名词作为被动态的主语 考例 3 Has the boy who was made use of realized his mistakes A stealing B to steal C for stealing D stolen 考查目标 此题主要考查短语后的非谓语动词形式 答案与解析 B 利用 去做某事 要用不定式作目的状语 即 makeuse of to do sth 句中的 of 有宾语 就是前面的 the boy 题意是 那个被 人利用去偷盗的男孩意识到自己的错误了吗 词语比较 1 pleasant pleasing pleased 1 pleasant 可作定语和表语 修饰事物 不能修饰人 因此句子的主语只能 是表示事物的词语 而不能是人 意思是 令人愉快的 令人高兴的 I hope you ll have a pleasant holiday 我希望你能过一个愉快的假期 2 pleasing 令人高兴的 令人愉快的 表示宁静 满意 令人满足之意 侧重于表示接受对象的情感 传递主观感受 比 pleasant 稍弱 主语可为人或 事物 An actor should have a pleasing personality 表演者应当具有一种令人愉快的个性 3 pleased 高兴的 感到满意的 含义与 glad 基本相同 作表语时 句子 的主语只能是 人 而不能是表示事物的词语 be pleased with 表示 对 表示满 意 之意 She had a pleased look 0n his face 她脸上露出了满意的表情 2 be made up of be made of be made from be made into 1 be made up of 由 组成 The United States is made up of fifty states 美国由五十个州组成 2 be made of 由 制成 成品看得出原料 The table ismade of wood 这张桌子由木材制成 3 be made from 由 制成 成品看不出原料 This kind of paper is made from wood 这种纸张由木材制成 4 be made into 由 原料 制成 成品 The bamboo can be made into many useful things 竹子可以制成很多有用的东西 3 lay lie 1 lay 常用作及物动词 意为 放置 铺设 产 卵 布置 下蛋 等 是 不规则动词 其变化为 laid laid laying She laid the paper on my desk 她把文件放在我桌子上 The workers are laying down a cable 工人们在铺设电线 2 lie 作不及物动词 其基本含义是 躺 卧 位于 是不规则动词 其变 化为 lay lain lying The hospital lay where a school is located 这个医院过去就在现在学校所在的地方 3 lie 作不及物动词 它的另一个含义是 说谎 是规则动词 其变化为 lied lied lying He is lying said the girl angrily lying on the hay 他在说谎 那个女孩躺在干草上 气愤地说 4 in time on time 1 in time 除了译作 及时 还可译作 最终 或 总有一天 Her helping me in time saved me plenty of time 她的及时帮助使我省了很多时间 2 on time 意为 准时 Everyone is requiredtobe present atthe party on time 要求每个人准时参加聚会 time 组成的词组已学过的还有 at a time 一次 in no time 立刻 at that the time 那时 at times 有时 at any time 在任何时候 等 精典题例 1 two exams to worry about I have to work really hard this weekend 2004 北京 A With B Besides C As for D Because of 解析 选 A 语境表明动作尚未发生 所以用 with 名词 不定式 Besides 和 Because of 不能用 to worry about 2 If you keep on you ll succeed A in time B at one time C at the same time D on time 解析 选 A 句意 只要你坚持 最终一定会诚功的 on time 意为 准时 at one time 意为 曾经 或 过去 有一段时间 3 Here s my card Let s keep in A touch B relation C connection D friendship 解析 选 A keep in touch with 是一种固定搭配 4 in the regulations that you should not tell o