Simple sentence简单句.doc

简单句 1) 简单句的概念 只包含一个主谓结构的独立分句称为简单句。简单句中的主语和谓语可以由一个词或短语充当，也可以由两个或两个以上的词或短语充当，组成并列的主语或并列的谓语。除了主语和谓语之外，简单句中还可以有宾语、定语、状语、补语等。 2) 简单句的5种基本句型 句型例句 主语+连系动词+表语（SVC） He is a student.他是个学生。 主语+谓语（不及物动词）（SVi）Flowers bloom.花儿开了。 主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语（SVtO） We learn English.我们学英语。 主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+宾补（SVtOOc） She made me happy.她让我高兴。 主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语（SVtoO） Tom told me a story.汤姆给我讲了一个故事。 (1) 主语+连系动词+表语（SVC） 主语+be动词+名词或形容词（作表语） S + V. (be) + N. or Adj. This is a textbook. We are college students. English is not easy. That is interesting. 主语+连系动词+形容词（作表语） S + Link V. + adj. It is getting dark. He seems happy. She looks young. Leaves are turning yellow. (2) 主语 + 谓语 (SVi) 主语+不及物动词（作谓语） S + Vi. Mr. Green seldom talks. The teacher left. It is raining. The students are singing. 主语 + 不及物动词(作谓语) + 副词 (作修饰语) S + Vi. + Adv. He works hard. John went at once. Mary looked around. We will begin next week. (3) 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 (SVtO) 主语 + 及物动词(作谓语) + 名词(作宾语) S + VT. + N. They are learning English. She bought a hat. He made a mistake. The boy helped the girl. 主语 + 及物动词(作谓语) + 不定式(作宾语) S + Vt. + Infinitive We wish to go. They tried to open the door. Mary hated to go to school. she planned to take the train. 主语 + 不及物动词(作谓语) + 介词 + 名词(作宾语) S + Vi. + Prep. + N. They talk about the film. John went into the room. He laughed at me. Mary looked at the TV. (4) 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补(SVtOOc) 主语 + 及物动词（作谓语）+ 名词（作宾语）+副词（短语）（作宾补） S + Vt. + N. + Adj. The news made him unhappy. People thoughtJack foolish. She opened her mouth wide. The sun keeps us warm. 主语+及物动词（作谓语）+名词作宾语+副词（短语）（作宾补） S + Vt. + N. + Adv. The man drove the girl away. John threw the ball out of the window. He put it on the table. Mary found the book under the desk. 主语+及物动词（作谓语）+名词（作宾语）+不定式（作宾补） S + Vt. + N. + (to be) Complement We believe him (to be) right. I consider her (to be) a good student. He found her story (to be) a lie. People proved the earth (to be) round. (5) 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语(SVtoO) 主语 + 及物动词(作谓语) + 名词或代词(作间接宾语，一般为人）+名词 (作直接宾语，一般为物） S + Vt. + N(I.O.) . + N(D.O.) They show us their picture. Can you lend me a pen? Prof. White taught us English. Father gave me ten dollars.主语+及物动词(作谓语)+名词(作直接宾语)+介词+名词(作间接宾语) S + Vt. + N(D.O.). + Prep. + N(I.O.) They gave some bo