中考时态考点梳理(2015).doc

中考时态考点梳理动词时态是各地中考试题中必考的知识点，也是考查的重点。然而，初中英语时态多达八种，并且近几年中考在考查时态时，形式灵活多样，尤其是我们河北省近几年的中考，多体现在上下文语境中，这样无形中就增加了试题的难度，使得一些考生总感觉时态题不可捉摸，无规律可循。其实，你只要弄清楚了时态题的命题方法和解题方法，也就不难了。一、巧抓时间标志词，快解时态题由于绝大多数的中考英语试卷同时具有毕业检测与升学选拔的双重功效，所以对时态的考查在很大程度上还是停留在识记和简单应用的层次上。为此，命题人在命题时，往往会借助一些关键的时间标志词来给考生以解题的“暗示”。所以，同学们在解题时，应该抓住关键“时间类标志词”，从而达到快解时态题的“神效”。【中考例题】1. (2015陕西) Many city people _ their bikes to work every day.A. rideB. will rideC. rodeD. have ridden2. (2015武汉) A nice car! Is it yours?No, it isnt. I _ it from a friend of mine two days ago.A. borrowB. have borrowedC. will borrowD. borrowed3. (2015黄石) The writer and speaker _ a speech on Chinese culture in the hall now.A. are givingB. is givingC. will giveD. has given4. (2015齐齐哈尔) Alice _ for the bus at seven yesterday morning.A. waitedB. was waitingC. is waitingD. will wait5. (2015福州) So far, the AIIB (亚投行) _ 57 countries to be the founding members.A. attractedB. has attractedC. will attractD. is attracting6. (2015龙东) By the time I got back to school, the bell _.A. rangB. has rungC. had rungD. will ring7. (2015抚顺) Why are you so happy? My friend _ me next month.A. visitsB. was visitingC. will visitD. visited【知识锦囊】动词时态一般都有其相对应的时间状语，请熟记下列时态所对应的时间状语。时态时间状语一般现在时often, always, usually, sometimes, never, once a week, twice a year, every day, every week等一般过去时then, just now, yesterday, last night, a few days ago等现在进行时now, right now, at the moment, this week, these days等过去进行时then, at that time, this time yesterday, from 8 to 10 yesterday morning等现在完成时already, just, yet, never, recently, lately, up to / till now, so far, in the past / last few months / years,“for +一段时间”,“since +过去的时间点”等过去完成时before, by, by the time, by the end of last month / year等一般将来时tomorrow, next Friday / week / year, in the future,“in +一段时间”等过去将来时the next day / month / year / evening, the following month等【应试对策】中考测试动词时态必须与句中时间状语一致时，常在题干中加入具体的交际情景，以测试学生对动词时态知识的实际运用能力。因此，同学们要敏锐捕捉句中的时间标志词，并且结合具体的语境，来确定动词的时态。二、巧抓主从句时态的呼应，快解时态题 考查主从句时态的呼应是各地中考命题的特点，特别是将其放在比较真实的语境中进行考查。有时，命题者为了增加试题的难度，还会将两种从句进行糅合，来考查学生对时态的辨析能力。【中考例题】8. (2015潍坊) Next month were going somewhere as soon as the holiday _.A. will beginB. has begunC. beginsD. is beginning9. (2015孝感) We will go to Tiananmen Square to watch the raising of national flag if it _ tomorrow.A. will rainB. rainsC. doesnt rainD. wont rain10. (2015南充) We dont know when _ next week. Please call me when he arrives.A. will he arriveB. does he arriveC. he will arriveD. he arrives11. (2015无锡) Too many people were absent. The chairperson warned that he _ the meeting if necessary.A. would cancelB. cancelledC. would startD. started12. (2015雅安) The teacher told us that the sun _ in the east.A. had risenB. has risenC. roseD. rises【应试对策】在根据时态呼应原则解题时，要把握好以下两点：1. 在由when，before，after，until，as soon as引导的时间状语从句以及由if，unless，as long as引导的条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表将来。2. 解答宾语从句与主句时态呼应题时，我们应熟知一下规则：如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的时态；如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词选用过去时态的某一种形式；如果宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或是习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。三、巧抓试题的语境，快解时态题 对着课改的深入和中考命题手法的不断创新，近年来中考试题对时态考查的要求也越来越高，大部分试题趋向情境化。这就对学生的语言基本功和语言运用的能力提出了较高的要求。【中考例题】13. (2015菏泽) Hi, Wang Ning! Hows the weather in Heze now?It is terrible. It _ all the morning.A. rainsB. is rainingC. rainD. would rain14. (2015南京) When will Uncle Sam come to see us?Hell visit us this weekend. He _ me that by e-mail.A. toldB. is toldC. will tellD. was going to tell15. (2015江西) Do you have any plans for tonight?Yes, I _ at the new Italian restaurant in town.A. eatB. have eatenC. ateD. am going to eat16. (2015江西) Ben and Sue arent home, arent they?No. They _ to London on business.A. have goneB. goC. have beenD. will go【应试对策】想要准确地解答语境题型时态题，首先要通读试题，认真领悟语境，来捕捉有效地解题信息。在此基础上，可以快速剔除两个最弱的干扰项。接着再结合语境，综合运用所学的时态方面的知识，对剩下的两个选项进行比较，最终确定最佳答案。四、中考对各种时态的考查第一组：一般现在时一般现在时常用来描述经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态，句子常带有特定的状语(如every day, always, often, sometimes, seldom, usually, nowadays等)。此外，在陈述客观事实或客观真理时，也常用一般现在时。此外，在含有时间、条件等状语从句的复合句中，当主句为一般将来时时，时间、条件等状语从句中的谓语动词用一般现在时表示将来。【中考例题】17. (2014北京) What do you often do at weekends?I often _ my grandparents.A. visitB. visitedC. have visitedD. will visit18. (2014温州) Alice likes doing housework. She _ her room every afternoon.A. cleansB. cleanedC. is cleaningD. has cleaned19. (2014武汉) Do you know if Jack will drive to London this weekend?Jack? Never! He _ driving so far.A. has hatedB. will hateC. hatedD. hates20. (2014上海) Aunt Lucy will tell us something about her trip to Australia when she _ back.A. cameB. comesC. would comeD. will come21. (2014广东) I wonder whether Brazil will win the match later tonight.Go to bed first. I will wake you up as soon as the match _.A. startsB. startedC. will startD. is starting22. (2014东营) Eating and drinking on Beijing subway is not allowed. If you _ the rule, youll face a fine (罚款) of up to 5000 yuan.A. brokeB. breakC. will breakD. have broken23. (2014滨州) Do you know if he will come tomorrow?No, but if he _, Ill call you to have a meal together.A. will comeB. wont comeC. comesD. doesnt come第二组：一般过去时一般过去时表示在过去的某时或一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，通常与yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week / month / year, the other day, just now, two days ago, at that time, in 2012等时间状语连用。【中考例题】24. (2014长沙) You brother is an excellent basketball player.So he is. He _ to play basketball three years ago.A. has startedB. startsC. startedD. will start25. (2014龙岩) The 2014 FIFA World Cup _ in Brazil on June 13th.A. is openingB. has openedC. openedD. opens26. (2014乐山) Why didnt Mary come to Johns birthday party last night?She _ to, but he dad simply would not let her our so late at night.A. wants B. wantedC. has wantedD. will want27. (2014武汉) A nice car! A present?Yes, it is. My aunt _ it to me for my last birthday.A. was sendingB. had sentC. will sendD. sent28. (2014连云港) Beijing and Zhangjiakou _ applying to host the 2022 Winter Olympics Games in 2013.A. beginB. beganC. have begunD. had begun29. (2014陕西) Have you finished your homework yet?Yes. I _ it twenty minutes ago.A. have finishedB. finishedC. will finishD. had finished第三组：一般将来时一般将来时主要用来描述将要发生的动作或未来将要出现的情况，一般将来时常与tomorrow, next week, in a week, sson等表示将来的时间状语连用。“shall / will +动词原形”表示将来某时或某一时间内要发生的动作或存在的状态，它没有主观性，是纯粹的将要发生的动作。“be going to +动词原形”表示打算、准备做的事，或即将发生或肯定要发生的事。be doing表示预计或安排将要发生的事，仅限于少数动词，通常是一些瞬间动词(如arrive, die, plan, come, start, begin, leave等)。【中考例题】30. (2014安徽) Mr. Wang has left for Guangzhou. He _ a speech there in two days.A. givesB. gaveC. will giveD. has given31. (2014丽水) Hurry up! The key is covered with black clouds. Im afraid it _.A. rainsB. is goin to rainC. rainedD. was raining32. (2014泰安) Why are you in such a hurry, John?There _ an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.A. will beB. wasC. would beD. has been33. (2014天津) Robots _ more heavy work for us in the future.A. will doB. didC. have doneD. were doing34. (2014河北) Im busy now. I _ to you after school this afternoon.A. talkB. talkedC. will talkD. have talked第四组：现在进行时 现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，或现在某一段时间正在进行的动作，谓语动词为延续性动词。常与now, these days, at present等时间状语以及look, listen等标志性词连用。答题时首先寻找时间状语和标志性词汇；若没有时间标志词时，应分析语境看其是否暗示动作正在进行。此外，现在进行时可以和表示某些频率的副词(如always, foreer, cuntinually等)连用，表达说话人的主观感情，如满意、称赞、惊讶或厌恶等。【中考例题】36. (2014菏泽) Look, so many people are running out of the station. I wonder what _.A. is happeningB. was happeningC. is happeningD. had happened37. (2014广州) Be quiet! The students _ a physics test in the next room.A. had B. have hadC. were havingD. are having38. (2014南昌) Youre in a hurry. Where are you going?To the cinema. Sue _ for me outside.A. waitsB. waitedC. is waitingD. was waiting39. (2014绵阳) Hello, Betty! What are you going now?I _ on the Great Wall of China. Ill send the toyou later.A. will take picturesB. am taking picturesC. was taking picturesD. take pictures第五组：过去进行时过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。动作发生的特定时间常用一个短语或时间状语从句来表明。在中考试题中，过去进行时常被放在由when, while, as等词引导的时间状语从句中考查。【中考例题】40. (2014泰州) Yeaterday Suzy fell over and was hurt while she _ a snowball.Im sorry to hear that.A. madeB. was making C. makesD. is making41. (2014丹东) I called you yesterday evening, but nobody answered.Oh, _ at that time.A. Im cookingB. I cookedC. I cookD. I was cooking42. (2014扬州) Has your friend completed his design?Not yet. He _ on it last night.A. workedB. has workedC. is workingD. was working43. (2014广东) I didnt see you at the beginning of the party last night.I _ on my biology report at that time.A. workedB. workC. was workingD. am working44. (2014北京) What were you doing when we were playing basketball yesterday?I _ the classroom.A. was cleaningB. have cleanedC. will cleanD. clean第六组：现在完成时现在完成时指过去发生某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与ever, yet, already, just, before, never等时间状语连用；也可以用来表示过去发生的某一动作一直持续到现在，通常与up to now, so far, recently, for two days, since three days ago等时间状语连用。【中考例题】45. (2014漳州) Since Project Hope started, it _ millions of children to come back to school.A. has helpedB. helpedC. is helpingD. will help46. (2014北京) He _ in this factory for 20 years already.A. will workB. worksC. has workedD. is working47. (2014盐城) I cant find my notebook anywhere. Im afraid I _ it.A. loseB. lostC. have lostD. was losing48. (2014咸宁) Do you know Diaoyu Islands?Yes. It _ to China since ancient times.A. belongs toB. belonged toC. has belonged toD. is belonging to49. (2014泰安) Can you find our city _ a lot in recent years?Yes. The road is wider and the buildings are taller.A. has changedB. changesC. changedD. will change第七组：过去将来时 过去将来时是从过去某时看将要发生的动作，必须有一个表示过去的时间状语作为参照。故这种时态常用语宾语从句或含有时间状语从句的复合句中。【中考例题】50. (2014达州) Swimming in the river for teenagers is very dangerous.So it is. If I _ them, I _ a shower at home.A. am; would takeB. were; will takeC. was; would takeD. were; would take近年河北省中考时态真题1. (2015) I _ the shops. Can I get you anything?A. go to B. went toC. have gone toD. am going to2. (2015) Paula is pleased that she _ her lost watch.A. finds B. foundC. has foundD. will find3. (2015) Were proud that China _ stronger and stronger these years.A. will becomeB. becameC. is becomingD. was becoming4. (2015) Grace _ this game every time we play.A. wins B. won C. will winD. has won5. (2015) I saw Jeff in the park. He _ on the grass and reading a book.A. sits B. sat C. is sitting D. was sitting6. (2014) Someone _ at the door. Can you open it?A. knocksB. knockedC. is knockingD. was knocking7. (2014) Im busy now. I _ to you after school this afternoon.A. talkB. talkedC. will talkD. have talked8. (2014) The teacher is already standing here. Do you know when she _?A. comesB. cameC. is comingD. was coming9. (2014) Monica, you _ the exam! Congratulation!A. passB. have passedC. will passD. are passing10. (2014) I saw Ken in the meeting room, he _ Joe for the school magazine.A. interviewsB. interviewedC. has interviewedD. was interviewing11. (2013) We have no vegetables in the fridge. I _ and buy some.A. goB. wentC. will goD. was going12. (2013) Henry will give us a report as soon as he _.A. arrivesB. arrivedC. is arrivingD. will arrive13. (2013) You _. Dont talk on the phone.A. will drive B. are drivingC. were drivingD. have driven14. (2013) Ken _ his jacket in the gym. He has to get it back.A. leftB. leavesC. is leavingD. was leaving15. (2013) Dont return the video to Peter, I _ it.A. dont watch B. wont watchC. havent watchedD. wasnt watch16. (2013) The twins didnt go to the theatre, they _ the light music all night.A. have enjoyed B. will enjoy C. are enjoying D. were enjoying17. (2012) The clothing store _ a sale. The clothes there are very cheap. A. hasB. hadC. is havingD. was having18. (2012) Miss Zhang, the most beautiful teacher, _ many flowers and letters these days. A. receivedB. will receiveC. was receivingD. has received19. (2012) Your sweater looks smart. Where _ you _ it? A. do; getB. did; getC. will; getD. have; got20. (2012) Where were you this morning? I _ in the supermarket. A. will shopB. am shoppingC. was shoppingD. have shopped21. (2011) My sister wants a new dress. She _ it to the party.A. wears B. has worn C. woreD. is going to wear22. (2011) I didnt hear you because I _ the news on the radio.A. listen to B. am listening toC. listened to D. was listening to23. (2011) I _ my homework, I guess I cant join you.A. dont finishB. didnt finish C. havent finishedD. wont finish24. (2010) This term _ over. The summer vacation is coming in two weeks.A. is B. was C. has been D. will be25. (2010) I _ a mistake. Please dont be angry with me.A. make B. made C. will make D. had made26. (2010) My brother left school in 2005, and since then he _ in Beijing.A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has lived27. (2010) I _ my clothes, and the phone rang.A. wash B. washed C. am washing D. was washing28. (2009) My friend _ me. I have to leave now.A. waits for B. waited forC. is waiting for D. was waiting for29. (2009) Be sure to let Tom know the notice as soon as he _.A. will arrive B. was arriving C. arrives D. arrived30. (2009) I _ the wrong thing. Can I use your eraser?A. write B. wrote C. am writing