高中英语 主谓一致 语法精粹（含习题）新概念英语 大纲人教版第二册

1 新概念英语第二册新概念英语第二册 语法精粹语法精粹 三 主谓一致 Agreement 知识要点 在英语的句子中 谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致 如何判定 则要看 句子的意思 多数情况下 根据句子的主语形式就能判定 但有的则要看整句的意思 及 强调的内容 下面我们就常用的 易混的几种情况作一下解释 1 以单数名词或代词 不定式 动名词短语或从句作主语时 谓语动词要用单数形式 如 1 The book is on the table 2 He is reading English 3 To work hard is necessary It is necessary to work hard 4 How you get there is a problem 2 复数主语跟复数动词 如 Children like to play toys 3 在倒装句中 动词的数应和它后面的主语的数一致 如以 here there 开头 be 动词与 后面第一个名词一致 如 1 There is a dog near the door 2 There were no schools in this area before liberation 3 Here comes the bus 4 On the wall were two famous paintings 5 Here is Mr Brown and his children 4 and 连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时 谓语动词用复数 如果主语后跟有 with together with except but perhaps like including as well as no less than more than rather than 等引起的短语 谓语动词仍与短语前的主语的形式保持一致 如 1 Jane Mary and I are good friends 2 He and my father work in the same factory 3 His sister no less than you is wrong 4 The father rather than the brothers is responsible for the accident 5 He like you and Xiao Liu is very diligent 6 Every picture except these two has been sold 7 Alice with her parents often goes to the park on Sundays 8 Alice as well as her friends was invited to the concert 9 Nobody but Mary and I was in the classroom at that time 5 并列主语如果指的是同一个人 同一事物或同一概念时 谓语动词用单数 and 后面的 名词没有冠词 如 1 The writer and worker is coming to our school tomorrow 这位工人作家明天要来 我们学校 2 Bread and butter is their daily food 面包和黄油是他们每日的食品 3 The writer and the worker are coming to our school tomorrow 那位作家和那位工 人明天将来我们学校 6 and 连接的并列单数名词前如有 each every no many a 修饰时 谓语动词要用单数 形式 如 2 1 Every boy and girl has been invited to the party 所有的孩子都被邀请参加这次 聚会 2 No teacher and no student is absent today 今天没有老师和学生缺席 3 Many a student is busy with their lessons 许许多多的学生都忙着复习他们的功课 7 each either one another the other neither 作主语时 谓语动词用单数形式 如 1 Each takes a cup of tea 2 Either is correct 3 Neither of them likes this picture 8 由 every some any no 构成的合成代词作主语时 谓语动词用单数形式 如 1 Is everyone here 2 Nothing is to be done 没有什么要干的事儿了 9 关系代词 who that which 等在定语从句中作主语时 其谓语动词的数应与句中先行 词的数一致 如 1 Those who want to go please sign their names here 2 Anyone who is against this opinion may speak out 3 He is one of the students who were praised at the meeting 10 表示时间 距离 价格 度量衡等的复数名词或短语作为一个整体看待时 其谓语动 词常用单数形式 如 1 Three years is not a long time 2 Ten dollars is what he needs 3 Five hundred miles is a long distance 11 复数形式的专有名词作为整体看待 如人名 地点 国家 组织 书籍 报刊等 动 词用单数形式 如 1 The United States is in North America 2 The United Nations has passed a resolution 决议 3 The Arabian Nights 天方夜谭 is an interesting book 12 有些集体名词如 family team group class audience 听众 观众 government 等作主语时 如看作是一个整体 谓语动词则用单数形式 如强调各个成员时 谓语动词要用复数形式 如 1 My family is going to have a long journey 我家要进行一次长途旅行 2 My family are fond of music 我家人都喜欢音乐 3 The class has won the honour 这班获得了荣誉 4 The class were jumping for joy 全班同学都高兴得跳了起来 13 all more most some any none half the rest 等作主语时 既可表示复数意 义 也可表示单数意义 谓语动词要根据实际情况而定 如 1 All of the apple is rotten 整个苹果都烂了 2 All of the apples are rotten 所有的苹果都烂了 3 Most of the wood was used to make furniture 家具 14 the 形容词 或分词 作主语时 常指一类人 谓语动词用复数形式 如指的是抽 象概念 谓语动词则用单数形式 如 1 The young are usually very active 年轻人通常是很活跃的 2 The wounded are being taken good care of here now 现在伤病员们在这里受到了 很好照顾 3 15 or either or neither nor whether or not only but also 连接的是 主语 谓语动词与后一个主语一致 如 1 Either you or I am going to the movies 2 Not only you but also he is wrong 16 不可数名词没有复数形式 作主语时 谓语动词用单数形式 如 1 Water is a kind of matter 2 The news at six o clock is true 17 集合名词如 people police cattle 等作主语 谓语动词用复数形式 如 1 The police are searching for him 2 The cattle are grassing 吃草 18 population 当人口讲时 谓语动词用单数形式 当人们讲时 谓语动词用复数 如 1 The population of China is larger than that of Japan 2 One third of the population here are workers 19 the number of 名词复数 是表示 的数字 作主语时 谓语动词用单数形式 a large great number of 名词复数 表示许多 作主语时 谓语动词用复数形式 1 The number of the students in our school is increasing year after year 2 A number of students have gone for an outing 20 means politics physics plastics 等作主语时 谓语动词用单数形式 专项训练 1 Nothing but carsin the shop A is soldB are soldC were soldD are going to sell 2 No one except Jack and Tom the answer A knowB knowsC is knowingD are known 3 Seventy percent of the students in our schoolfrom the countryside A isB areC comesD are coming 4 of the moneyused up A Three five areB Three fifths have been C Three fifths has beenD Third fifths is 5 The number of the people whocarsincreasing A owns areB owns isC own isD own are 6 One of Marx s workswritten in English in the 1860s A wasB wereC would beD are 7 The sheets for your bedwashing A needsB are needingC wantD are wanting 8 On each side of the streeta lot of trees A standsB growC is standingD are grown 9 Some personcalling for you at the gate A are B isC is beingD will be 10 All that can be eateneaten up A are beingB has beenC had beenD have been 11 Tom s teacher and friendMr Smith A areB isC are beingD has 4 12 Your new clothes fit you but mineme A doesn t fit B don t fitC doesn t fit for D don t fit for 13 Neither he nor Ifor the plan A amB areC isD were 14 Many a studentthat mistake before A has made B have madeC has been made D had made 15 Peter perhaps John playing with the little dog A isB areC wereD seems 16 Laying eggsthe ant queen s full time job A isB areC hasD have 17 Between the two buildingsa monument A standB standsC standingD is standing 18 I whoyour good friend will share your joys and sorrow A amB isC areD was 19 The United Nationsin 1945 A were foundB were founded C was foundedD was found 20 were also invited to the party A Mr SmithB The SmithC The SmithsD Smiths 21 The glass worksin 1959 A were set upB was set upC were put upD were built 22 Three hours with your girl friendto be a short time A seemB seemsC is seeming D has seemed 23 It was reported that sixincluding a boy A was killedB were killedC was killingD had killed 24 The policea prisoner A is searching for B are searching forC is searching D are searched for 25 Deerfaster than dogs A runB runsC are runningD will run 26 The woundedgood care of here now A is taken B are being takenC are takingD is taking 27 The whole classgreatly moved at his words A wasB wereC hadD is 28 Over 80 percent of the population of Chinapeasants A wasB isC areD will be 29 Therea knife and fork on the table A seems to beB seem to beC is seeming to be D are 30 Those whosinging may join us A are likingB likesC enjoyD is fond of 31 His familymusic lovers A all areB are allC isD are being 32 A professor and a writerpresent at the meeting A wasB isC wereD had been 33 The pair of shoesworn out A wasB wereC have beenD had been 5 34 The students in our school eachan English dictionary A haveB hasC hadD are having 35 More than one answerto the question A have been givenB has been givenC were givenD had given 36 The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who from the countryside in our school A areB isC wereD was 37 Our familya happy one A isB areC wasD were 38 Most of the mistakesbecause of carelessness A were madeB are made C has been madeD were making 39 Most of his timein reading novels A are spentB is spentC were spentD was spending 40 The rest of the novelvery interesting A wereB areC isD seem 41 I know that allgetting on well with her A wasB isC areD were 42 When and where this took placestill unknown A areB wereC isD has 43 Not only the workers but also the machinenot there A areB wereC isD has 44 Very fewhis address in the town A knowsB knowC are knowingD has known 45 Ten thousand dollarsa large sum of money A areB isC wereD seem 46 Twenty milesa long way to cover A wereB areC isD seem to be 47 Nine plus threetwelve A makesB makeC is makingD are making 48 There are two roads and eitherto the station A leadsB leadC are leadingD is leading 49 My father together with some of his old friends there already A have beenB has beenC had beenD will be 50 My family as well as Iglad to see you A amB areC isD was 6 答案 1 A 因有连词 but 所以谓语形式跟 Nothing 一致 用第三人称单数 见讲解 4 2 B 同上3 B 见讲解 2 4 C 见讲解 16 5 C 定语从句看被修饰的先行词 the number of 作主语用单数形式 见讲解 9 19 6 A 见讲解 1 7 C 见讲解 2 8 B 倒装句 要看后面的主语 见讲解 3 9 B some person 指 某人 是第三人称单数 见讲解 13 10 B 主语 all 指的是 food 所以代不可数名词 是第三人称单数 见讲解 13 11 B Tom s teacher and friend 因 friend 前没有冠词 所以实际指的是同一个 人 见讲解 5 12 B 根据前一分句的意思 第二分句中的 mine 指的是 my new clothes 因 此 主语是复数 13 A neither nor