重庆市主城四区2018-2019学年高一英语下学期学业质量调研抽测试题（含解析）

1 重庆市主城四区重庆市主城四区 2018 20192018 2019 学年高一英语下学期学业质量调研抽测试学年高一英语下学期学业质量调研抽测试 题 含解析 题 含解析 本试卷分第本试卷分第 i i 卷 选择题 和第卷 选择题 和第 iiii 卷 非选择题 两部分 考试结束后 请将本试卷和答卷 非选择题 两部分 考试结束后 请将本试卷和答 题卡一并交回 题卡一并交回 第第 i i 卷卷 注意事项 注意事项 1 1 答第答第 i i 卷前 考生务必将自己的姓名 准考证号 考场号填写在答题卡上 卷前 考生务必将自己的姓名 准考证号 考场号填写在答题卡上 2 2 选出每小题答案后 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑 如需改动 用橡皮擦选出每小题答案后 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑 如需改动 用橡皮擦 干净后 再选涂其他答案标号 不能答在本试卷上 否则无效 干净后 再选涂其他答案标号 不能答在本试卷上 否则无效 第一部分第一部分 听力 共两节 满分听力 共两节 满分 3030 分 分 做题时 先将答案标在试卷上 录音内容结束后 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂做题时 先将答案标在试卷上 录音内容结束后 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上 到答题卡上 第一节 共第一节 共 5 5 小题 每小题小题 每小题 1 51 5 分 满分分 满分 7 57 5 分 分 听下面听下面 5 5 段对话 每段对话后有一个小题 从题中所给的段对话 每段对话后有一个小题 从题中所给的 a a b b c c 三个选项中选出最佳选项 三个选项中选出最佳选项 并标在试卷的相应位置 听完每段对话后 你都有并标在试卷的相应位置 听完每段对话后 你都有 1010 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下 一小题 每段对话仅读一遍 一小题 每段对话仅读一遍 例 how much is the shirt a 19 15 b 9 18 c 9 1 5 答案是 c 1 when will the man come back a at 10 20 b at 10 30 c at 10 40 2 what is the woman going to do first a go to the post office b attend a party c go to the cinema 3 why can t the man get a table a the woman is busy at lunch time b there is no free table at the moment c there is a traffic jam at the moment 4 what does the woman say about bob a he should find a new job 2 b he should choose his own major c he will decide to be a chemist 5 where does the conversation take place a at a boat dock b at a weather station c at an airport 第二节 共第二节 共 1515 小题 每小题小题 每小题 1 51 5 分 满分分 满分 22 522 5 分 分 听下面听下面 5 5 段对话或独白 每段对话或独白后有几个小题 从题中所给的段对话或独白 每段对话或独白后有几个小题 从题中所给的 a a b b c c 三个选项中三个选项中 选出最佳选项 并标在试卷的相应位置 听每段对话或独白前 你将有时间阅读各个小题 选出最佳选项 并标在试卷的相应位置 听每段对话或独白前 你将有时间阅读各个小题 每小题每小题 5 5 秒钟 听完后 各小题给出秒钟 听完后 各小题给出 5 5 秒钟的作答时间 每段对话或独白读两遍 秒钟的作答时间 每段对话或独白读两遍 听第听第 6 6 段材料 回答第段材料 回答第 6 6 至至 7 7 题 题 6 what kind of room is the man s favorite a facing the sea b facing the mountain c facing the street 7 who will meet the man at the airport a nobody from the hotel b the woman herself c a receptionist from the hotel 听第听第 7 7 段材料 回答第段材料 回答第 8 8 至至 1010 题 题 8 whom did the man want to speak to a mrs brown b mr brown c john 9 what job may the woman s mother do a she may be a teacher b she may be a doctor c she perhaps works in a bank 10 what is the man s telephone number a 8533 2299 b 8553 3299 c 8553 2399 听第听第 8 8 段材料 回答第段材料 回答第 1111 至至 1313 题 题 11 what did the man want a tyres b tapes c ties 12 who was the woman a the man s friend b a shop assistant c a customer 13 where is the product made a in switzerland b in france c in england 3 听第听第 9 9 段材料 回答第段材料 回答第 1414 至至 1616 题 题 14 what are they talking about a a baseball match b a basketball match c a football match 15 which team was defeated a the oxford team b the london team c neither of the two teams 16 how about one of the oxford team s best players a he played perfectly b he was injured and replaced c he had got a red 听第听第 1010 段材料 回答第段材料 回答第 1717 至至 2020 题 题 17 what can susie do a drive a car b go shopping c bathe the dog 18 how many languages can susie teach you to speak a four b three c six 19 how long can susie run without charging a for 4 hours b for 10 hours c for 14 hours 20 who is most likely to benefit from susie a business owners b busy parents c young students 第二部分第二部分 阅读理解 共两节 满分阅读理解 共两节 满分 4040 分 分 第一节 共第一节 共 1515 小题 每小题小题 每小题 2 2 分 满分分 满分 3030 分 分 阅读下列短文 从每题所给的四个选项 阅读下列短文 从每题所给的四个选项 a a b b c c 和和 d d 中 选出最佳选项 并在答题卡上 中 选出最佳选项 并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑 将该项涂黑 a a i was always pretty independent but living alone made me even more at peace living alone helped me grow as a human being caitlin moscatello had a similar experience i was the queen of my own 400 square foot castle for three years and looking back i can see that that short stretch of time was crucially important to establish my independence it started with small things i negotiated my rent on my own created a household budget 预算 on my own hashed out a savings 4 plan on my own i signed up for half marathons and actually ran them i tried hot yoga and hated it but whatever i tried it and then the results had a bigger payoff i put in late hours at work because i didn t have anyone asking me will you be home for dinner and got promoted i met a guy on one of many fun little dates and he turned out to be the love of my life i also got gutsier 有勇气的 i traveled abroad alone several times without thinking twice about it i also think my time alone makes me a better partner now that i share my life and my space with another person the real secret of living alone you re not living alone you re living with yourself and the better you know yourself what truly makes you happy melancholy frustrated or bored the better you can deal with it without depending on others which means you won t be putting pressure on other people in your life to do that work for you living alone doesn t mean you become a hermit 隐者 逸士 in fact you ll likely find yourself more excited to see people and go out when your home space is all your own and studies have shown that single people get out more to social gatherings community events volunteering than those who are coupled up or as aletheia luna writes it s human nature to take our friends family and loved ones for granted living alone devoid of the presence of others helps us to appreciate these people more when they are around 1 according to the 2nd paragraph living alone is not good for a making decisionsb keeping up one s health c getting off work on timed having one s independence 2 which of the following is true according to the passage a caitlin moscatello was a queen b the writer got married c living alone can avoid feeling sad d aletheia luna is a hermit 3 what s the meaning of the underlined phrase in the last paragraph devoid of a full ofb free of 5 c short ofd because of 答案 1 c 2 b 3 b 解析 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文 作者主要讲述了独居的好处 和读者分享了他的一些个人看法 1 题详解 细节理解题 根据第二段的 and then the results had a bigger payoff i put in late hours at work 结果是一个更大的代价 我在工作中投入了更多的时间 由此可以推知 一个人住不利于准时下班 故选 c 2 题详解 推理判断题 根据第三段的 i also think my time alone makes me a better partner now that i share my life and my space with another person 我也认为独处的时间让我 成为一个更好的伴侣 因为我和另一个人分享我的生活 和我的空间 由此可以看出 作者 已经结婚了 故 b 项正确 3 题详解 词义猜测题 根据最后一段的 living alone devoid of the presence of others helps us to appreciate these people more when they are around 独自生活 没有其他人的存 在 帮助我们更欣赏身边的这些人 分析句子结构可知 devoid of the presence of others 作为插入语用来解释说明 living alone 再结合句意可知 devoid of 在此处意为 没有 语意和 free of 相当 故选 b b b sciencescience forfor kidskids this month s most popular books 1 1 womenwomen inin sciencescience byby rachelrachel ignotofskyignotofsky priceprice 25 25 we all know the story of marie curie and her many scientific achievements but many other brilliant female scientists are far less well known this book is a great introduction to the lives and works of some of the most specialspecial offeroffer for this month only all besthooks book club members will pay 20 less for every book ordered join our 6 important and up to now unknown women in science recommended for ages 12 15 order now 2 2 firstfirst bigbig bookbook ofof howhow byby jilljill esbaumesbaum priceprice 15 15 an excellent book about sea life for young children the book is divided into 4 parts one for each of the pacific atlantic indian and arctic oceans it focuses on the different animals found in each of these seas along with interesting facts and amazing pictures ages 5 10 order now 3 3 a a reallyreally shortshort historyhistory ofof nearlynearly everythingeverything byby billbill brysonbryson priceprice 15 15 bill bryson takes readers on a very funny and educational trip through the history of modern science from its unexpected successes to its great failures and everything in between ages 14 and over order now 4 4 nationalnational geographic sgeographic s firstfirst bigbig bookbook ofof thethe worldworld byby janjan carn carn priceprice 20 20 this book is the perfect introduction to the seven continents it tells young readers about the different animals that live on each of these lands and gives a simple descnption of the people s history and culture ages 5 12 order now club for free and save big money deliverydelivery we bring every book you order right to your door within three days for bestbooks book club members this is free non members must pay an extra 2 per book 7 4 how are the books on this webpage listed a by price b by popularity c by reader s age d by writer s name 5 how much will a bestbooks book club member pay in total if he orders first big book of how and a really short history of nearly everything today a 24 b 26 c 30 d 34 6 a primary school student who needs to write a science report about african elephants should choose a women in science b first big book of how c a really short history of nearly everything d national geo graphic s first big book of the world 7 what is the main purpose of this web page a to sell books to young readers b to attract new book club members c to encourage students interest in science d to review books young readers might like 答案 4 b 5 a 6 d 7 a 解析 本文是一片应用文 在网页上介绍了 4 本书 并列出了书的受众 主要内容和售价 以及一 些特别优惠 4 题详解 推理判断题 根据 science for kids 部分的 this month s most popular books 这个月最 受欢迎的书 可知这个网页上的书是通过受欢迎程度列出的 故选 b 5 题详解 细节理解题 根据文章可知 first big book of how 售价 15 美金 a really short history of nearly everything 售价 15 美金 再根据 special offer 部分的 all besthooks book club members will pay 20 less for every book ordered 所有的 besthooks 图书俱乐部会员每订购一本书将得到 20 的折扣 综上 besthooks 图书俱乐部会 8 员如果买 first big book of how 和 a really short history of nearly everything 这两 本书需要支付 15 15 0 8 24 故选 a 6 题详解 细节理解题 根据 national geographic s first big book of the world 部分的 this book is the perfect introduction to the seven continents it tells young readers about the different animals 这本书是对七大洲的完美介绍 它向年轻的读者讲述了生 活在这些土地上的不同动物 由此可知 一名小学生需要写一篇关于非洲象的科学报告 可以选择 national geo graphic s first big book of the world 故选 d 7 题详解 推理判断题 浏览全文可知 这 4 本书的推荐读者是 5 15 岁的年轻读者 并列出了书的主 要内容和售价 以及一些特别优惠 special offer 由此可以推知这个网页的主要目的是把 书卖给年轻的读者 故选 a c c people made wings and strapped them to their arms they flapped their arms but couldn t fly they built gliders 滑翔机 light aircraft with wings some didn t work but some did the gliders that worked had special wings these wings were arched on both the top and the bottom the air pulled the wings from above and pushed the wings from below when the wings went up so did the glider arched wings help create a force called lift lift is the force that keeps the gliders in the air most gliders have long thin wings the wings create enough lift to carry the aircraft and its passengers gliders usually ride currents of air the same way a hawk soars 飞翔 gliders are very light and long wings and air currents can give them enough lift to fly but to carry more than just a passenger or two an aircraft needs a lot more lift the question is how do you create more lift the engine is the answer the engine is a machine that changes energy into movement the forward movement that an airplane needs to fly is called thrust more thrust makes an 9 airplane move forward faster moving faster creates more lift and with more lift an airplane can carry more weight so an aircraft with an engine can carry passengers or cargo in 1903 the wright brothers figured out how to get wings and an engine to work together in order to give an airplane enough thrust to fly they made the first powered flight at kitty hawk north carolina since then people have made airplanes that can fly faster than sound can travel they have made airplanes that can fly all the way around the world without stopping today thousands of people travel in airplanes every day people really have learned how to fly 8 if a flyer wants to stay in the air it needs enough a liftb thrust c wingsd engines 9 what made the flyers moving forward in the sky a the air b the lift c the thrust d the wind 10 an airplane can carry heavy weight and fly very fast mostly because of a the liftb the thrust c the soundd the engine 11 the whole passage mainly tells us a how gliders were builtb how important the engine was c how people learned to flyd how the first airplane was made 答案 8 a 9 c 10 d 11 c 解析 分析 本文是一篇说明文 本文主要告诉人们是怎样学会飞行的 8 题详解 细节理解题 根据第二段的 lift is the force that keeps the gliders in the air 升 10 力是使滑翔机保持在空中的力 由此可知 如果一个飞行器想要停留在空中 它需要足够的 升力 故选 a 9 题详解 细节理解题 根据第六段的 the forward movement that an airplane needs to fly is called thrust 飞机飞行所需要的向前运动叫做推力 由此可知 推力使飞行器在空中向 前移动 故选 c 10 题详解 细节理解题 根据第六段的 and with more lift an airplane can carry more weight so an aircraft with an engine can carry passengers or cargo 随着升力的增加 飞机可 以承载更多的重量 所以有引擎的飞机可以承载乘客或货物 由此可知 一架飞机能够携带 重物并且飞得很快 这主要是因为它的发动机 故选 d 11 题详解 主旨大意题 浏览全文以及文章最后一段的 people really have learned how to fly 人们 真的学会了飞行 可知本文主要告诉人们是怎样学会飞行的 故选 c 点睛 做细节题时 用题干直接在文章中进行定位 与题干意思相符的原文题干意思相符的原文或是在原文附 近就是答案的位置 如第二题 根据题干 what made the flyers moving forward in the sky 可定位在原文的第六段的 the forward movement that an airplane needs to fly is called thrust 既是答案所在 d d how much sleep do we need it s a fundamental question about a basic human function we ve been practicing for long but there s still no simple answer but whether you re a morning or evening person could be guided by your genes that said your sleeping pattern will change naturally with age which is also reflected in the national sleep foundation recommendations it suggests 14 17 hours of shuteye a day for newborn babies and only 7 8 hours for over 65s but scientists said it s about more than simple duration teens and people in their early 20s do want to go to bed later and get up later too something researchers suggest might be to do with changing hormones 荷尔蒙 on average there s about a two hour difference in preferred sleep times of somebody in 11 their late teens or early twenties to somebody in their late 50s or early 60s he said so asking a teenager to get up at 7 o clock in the morning is the equivalent of asking a 55 year old to get up at five in the morning at the end of the day the best way to measure how much sleep you each need is to listen to your own body do you rely on an alarm clock to wake up do you take a long time to feel awake are you dependent on coffee drinks to keep you focused during the day are you overly impulsive 冲动的 or do you find yourself running a lot of traffic lights for instance all these could be signs that you re not getting enough sleep and that we know today is bad the environment can affect your sleep preferences but your genes stay scientists said that the understanding of the importance of sleep was one of the great achievements of modern neuroscience 神经科学 and that society was moving away from the all nighter culture to respect the need for sleep 12 what s the writer s intention of writing the passage a to report his research results b to express the importance of sleep c to list some sleeping patterns d to persuade people to have enough sleep 13 what would not change according to the passage a age b genes c hormones d sleeping pattern 14 what does the underlined word that in the last paragraph refer to a not getting enough sleep b listening to your own body c running a lot of traffic lights d not understanding of the importance of sleep 15 which is the best title for the passage a sleeping patterns b the importance of sleep c a great achievement of neuroscience 12 d different people need different amounts of sleep 答案 12 d 13 b 14 a 15 d 解析 这是一篇说明文 主要内容是介绍了不同的人需要不同的睡眠时间 12 题详解 推理判断题 根据第三段最后一句 all these could be signs that you re not getting enough sleep 和最后一段的 and that we know today is bad 所有这些都可能是你睡眠 不足的迹象 睡眠不足是不好的 由此可推知 作者写此篇文章的意图是去说服人们有足够 的睡眠 故选 d 13 题详解 细节理解题 根据最后一段的 the environment can affect your sleep preferences but your genes stay 环境会影响你的睡眠偏好 但你的基因不会改变 由此可知 你的基因 是不会改变的 故选 b 14 题详解 词义猜测题 根据第三段最后一句 all these could be signs that you re not getting enough sleep 和最后一段的 and that we know today is bad 所有这些都可能是你睡眠 不足的迹象 睡眠不足是不好的 由此可知 that 用来指代前文事物 表示特指 故此处 that 指代前文的 not getting enough sleep 故选 a 15 题详解 主旨大意题 浏览全文以及文章第一段的 that said your sleeping pattern will change naturally with age it suggests 14 17 hours of shuteye a day for newborn babies and only 7 8 hours for over 65s 你的睡眠模式会随着年龄的增长而自然改变 新 生儿每天要睡 14 17 个小时 65 岁以上的人每天只睡 7 8 个小时 由此可知 不同的人需要 不同的睡眠时间 因此故 d 选项能作为文章标题 故选 d 第二节 共第二节 共 5 5 小题 每小题小题 每小题 2 2 分 满分分 满分 1010 分 分 根据短文内容 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项 选项中有两项为多余选项 根据短文内容 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项 选项中有两项为多余选项 breakbreak a a badbad habithabit i used to have a roommate named heather who wanted to stop smoking i told 13 her one tip i d learned from a smoker who had stopped successfully 16 she stocked replacing a bad habit with a good one is possible if you re willing here s how to do it successfully makemake suresure thethe decisiondecision isis yours yours 17 it s even worse impossible really when change is someone else s idea you have to be the one to want it you re far more likely to be successful if you make the decision for yourself not your mother or doctor what do you most feel ready to change about you right now 18 i used to go to aa with my dad and i remember something often repeated there if you don t want to slip don t go where it s slippery this meant enjoy dry places and activities like a walk in the woods find some friends who you can spend a little more time with who doesn t share the habit you re hoping to reduce distract distract 分散注意力分散注意力 yourself yourself favourite food is alluring 诱人的 no matter how full we are am i right my favourite food is pancakes 19 a great technique 技巧 when you aren t hungry but want to give in is to distract your mind instead of opening your fridge leave the kitchen and start doing something in your bedroom for example rememberremember toto rewardreward yourself yourself rewarding ourselves matters 20 if you ve stopped sugar for example you can treat yourself to a nice haircut or even a weekend away a be around the right people b don t make any change right now c change isn t the easiest thing on earth d replace an unwanted habit with a good habit 14 e i can even eat them after a five course dinner f help yourself to the food that you like most now g it is best if it has nothing to do