新目标八年级英语下册知识汇集(doc 65页).doc

清华大学英语系测试：为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站： 清华大学英语教授50年研究成果%name%(%size%, %expiretime%)查看下载信息UNIT5 Topic1一 单词： Invite 邀请 I want to invite you to go to the party. none 无一人，无任何东西 Here was none left. moving 感动的 The movie is moving. proud 骄傲的，自豪的 Im proud of Liu Xiang. taste v:尝，品尝；n:味道 The food tastes evry good. mad 发疯的，生气的 The boy went mad. express 表达，表示 The guesture expressesYes. peace 和平 we all like peace. thankful 感激的，感谢的 Tom is thankful with the help of Jane. 语法： invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 invite sb to 邀请某人去（某处） say hello to sb say goodbye to sb a ticket to/for 的票，入场券 ring up 打电话给 because of 因为 cheer up 使振奋起来 Whatfor=Why payfor 付钱 come into being 产生，诞生 end with 以结尾 seem to do sth 看起来，似乎 例句： You ook excited.你看起来很兴奋。 Look+形容词 We can spend the evening at my house.我们可以在我家度过晚上。 Spend sth (in) doing sth , Spend sth on sth. Why all the smiling faces? 为什么大家总是笑容满面？ I went to buy tickets,but there was none left.我想去买票，但是没有剩下的。 What a shame/pity! 多么可惜！ He cant get a ticket to/for The Sound of Music. 他得不到一张音乐之声的票。 I hope everything goes well. 我希望一切顺利。 The sound of Music is one of the must poopular American movies.音乐之声是美国最流行的影片之一。 one of the most+可数 Maria taught the children to sing lively songs and perform short,funry plays to cheer themselves up. 玛丽亚教孩子们唱的歌曲和表演生动总之，有趣的发挥了自己的欢呼。 The Titanic had a accident on the way to America. 泰坦尼克号在道路上发生了一场事故。 The mother was so worried that she looked for him everywhere. 这位母亲非常着急，以至于她到处找他。 Beijing Opera is our national opera with around 200 years history. 拥有两百多年历史的京剧是我们的国剧。 It come into being after 1790. 它形成于1790年。 How nice! 多好啊！ How+形容词 What a/an+形容词，What a/an+可数名词复数 The food tastes so delicious! 食物尝起来很可口。 I feel terrible. 我觉得很不舒服。 Guess what! 猜一猜看！ Say thanks to sb. 向某人表示感谢。 He has a fever. 他发烧了。 I hope he will ring me up. 我希望他能打电话给我。邮件处理：您%name%(%size%, %expiretime%)查看下载信息UNIT5 Topic2 单词： baddly adv:坏，恶劣地 She did badly in the Enlish exam. experience n:经历，经验 They may have unhappy feelings after some bad experience. suggestion n:建议 Can you give your suggestions to me? normal adj:正常的 It is normal to feel sad when something bad happens to us. stranger n:外地人 Im a stranger here. accept v:接受 My classmates dont accept me. carefully adv:仔细地 Helen is as carefully as Maria. clap v:拍手 Lets clap our hands. elder adj:年纪较大的 He has an elder brother. hit v:撞，击中 There is a car hitting a cat. though conj:虽然 Though I have much money,I am not happy. 短语： at ones age 在某人的年龄 You father began to work at your age. at the age of 在岁时 At the age of seven,he could swim. in ones twenties/thiries 在某人二十几岁/三十几岁 A man in his thirties. happen to do sth 碰巧干某事 I happened to meet her on my way home. whats more 更有甚者 Whats more,it seems that my cassmates dont accept me. fit in 被他人接受 Ill learn to fit in soon. even tough/if 即使 Ill help you,even though/if I dont sleep for a night. notany longer=no longer 不再 He doesnt live in Beijing any longer. cheer sb up 让 某人振作 Im sending this e-card to cheer you up. take it easy 别紧张 Take it easy and dont be too strict with yourself. get angry 变的生气 He gets angry because he lost his pen. feel upset 感到苦恼 She feels upset,because her son was ill. talk with sb 于某人交谈 Why not talk with other about it. take pat in 参加 Taking part in actinvities is good for you. deal with 解决 How to deal with them,do you know? in public 当众 Maria speaks in public,her face always turms red. calm down 平静 Calm down an relax. fall asleep 入睡 He is so boring,I almost fall asleep when hes talking to me. 语法： seem to do sth 似乎 He seems to know the secret. seem+adj 看来 Jane seems worried. be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 They were always very stict with their chaldren. be strict about/in sth Shes evry strict about things like homework. beworried about 对感到担心 She is so worried about her exam. fail to do sth 失败，未能（做到） Doctors failed to save the girls life. be/get used to (doing)sth 习惯于（做）某事 I am used to getting up early./He cant get used to the weather here. as+形容词/副词原级as+比较对象（表示两者在某一方面程度相同） I am as tall as my father. He runs as fast as Tom. not as/so+形容词/副词原级as+比较对象（表示某人或某物在某一方面不如另一个人或另一物） Jim doesnt study as/so hard as Helen. refuse to do sth 拒绝(做)某事 How could he refuse to do the work. refuse sb/sth 拒绝某人/某事 He refused my offer. thank you for doing sth 感谢做某事 Thank you for helping me. why dont you=why not+do 为什么不 Why dont you/not talk to someone when you feel sad? be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 The girl is afraid of speaking in public.UNIT5 Topic3邮件处理：您%name%(%size%, %expiretime%)查看下载信息单词： 1.affect 影响 Many things can affect our feelings. 2.put on 表演，上映 3.get along/on with 与.相处 Your mother gets along well with her workmates. 4.especially 特别，尤其 Sometimes it makes me feel sad,especially when the full moon is hanging in the sky on Mid-autumn Festival. 5.try out 试，试验 We can try out different colors if we arent feeling our best. 6.noise 噪声 noisy 喧闹的 7.decision 决定 decide 下决心 词组： 1.feel nervous 感动紧张 It makes me feel nervous. 2.in turn 依次，轮流 They spoke in turn at the meeting. 3.in a good mood 心情良好 in a bad mood 心情糟糕 in good health 健康状况良好 4.play with. 和.玩耍，玩弄 5.on the/ones way(to) .在去.路上 On his way to school. 6.in high spirits 情绪高昂的，精力充沛的 in low spirits 情绪低落的 7.think over 仔细考虑，慎重考虑 He would like more time to think things over. 语法： 1.How long have you felt like this?=How long have you been like this? 你像这样已经多久了？ 2.cant 表否定猜测 He cant be at home. must 表肯定猜测 Maria must be at home because the light is on. 3.follow ones advice 采纳建议，此时的follow可用take替换 He refused to follow/take our advice. 4.take turns to do sth 轮流做某事 We take turns to clean the classroom. 5.Let sb.do sth 让/允许某人走某事 Lets make a plan. 6.get along/on 生活，进展，进行 How are you getting along/on? 7.try on 试穿，试戴 Try the shoes on before you buy them. 8.get back to sth 继续某事 Lets get back to the main point of the discussion. 9.a sense of. .的感觉 It will help you bring back a sence of happiness.UNIT6 Topic1邮件处理：您%name%(%size%, %expiretime%)查看下载信息词组： 1.spring field trip 春游 Were going a spring field trip. 2.go on a visit to . 去.参观，旅游 We will go on a two-day visit to Mount Tai. 3.make the decision 做决定 Lets make the decision together. 4.find out 了解 Cao chong wanted to find out the weight of the elephant. 5.decide on 决定 Im 18 now,i have right to decide my on future. 6.raise money 筹钱 It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. 7. make a reservation 预定 I want to make a room reseruation. 8.work out 计算 Jane is helping Helen work out the lost of the trip. 9.come up with 赶上 You start fitst,walk on and Ill come up with you soon. 10.look farward to 期待 We are looking forward to your visit.11.hear form 收到.来信 I heard form Mike yesterday. 12.as soon as 一.就. As soon as he comes, Ill tell him. 13.places of interest 名胜古迹 We can visit some places of interest together. 14.the sea of clouds We saw the sunrese and the sea of on Mount Tai and visited Dai Temple in the daytime. 15.the whole night=all the night 整个晚上 It took us almost the whole night to get to Wanghai Stone.笔记 1.have sth to do. I have some exciting news to tell you. 2.plan decide to do sth He decidedplaned to stay and look after his mother. 3.主语+be+adj+to do sth. Its hard to say. 4.主语（物)+cost+钱. It costs $700. 主语（物)+take+人+时间+to do sth It took us the whole night to go to Beijing. 主语（人)+spend+时间+(in)doting sth He spent two hours in play basketball. 主语（人)+paid+钱+for+物 I paid $100 for shoes.动词不定式：1. I have some exciting news to tell you.(当定语）Its hard to say. (当定语） I want to make a room reservation. （当主语) The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers. （当宾语） Why dont we have a show to raise money?（当定语，当表语） Kangkang helped us (to) book the train tickets. （当宾语补足语）UNIT6 Topic2邮件处理：您%name%(%size%, %expiretime%)查看下载信息短语： 1.receive sth from sb 收到某人的东西 Ireceive the new bike from my parents. 这辆自行车是我父母给我的。 2.be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 Im busy preparing for zhong kao these days. 这些天我忙于为中考做准备。 3.while/when 时间状语从句 I was doing homework while he was sleeping in class. 当他在课堂上睡觉时，我正在做作业。 We were talking loudly when Mr.liu came in. 当刘老师走进来时我们正在大声的说话。 4.make sure 确保弄清楚 Make sure all the windows are closed before you leave. 离开之前确保所以的窗户都关上了。 5.by the way 顺便问一下 By the way ,where is the shop?顺便问一下，商店在哪里? 6.two hours and a half=two and a half hours 两个半小时 It takes two hours and a half on foot to get there.=It takes two and a half hours walk to get there. 走路到那里需要两个半小时。 7.in/to/on in: Taiwan is in the southeast of china. 台湾在中国的东南部（在内部） to: Taiwan is to the east of Fujian. 台湾在福建的东部。（不接壤） on:Henan is on the nouth of Hubei. 河南在湖北的北部。（接壤） 8.be surprised at 对.感到惊奇 He is surprised at dragons. 他对龙感到惊奇。 9.be full of=be filled with 充满. This hold is filled with water. 这个坑里充满了水。 10.be satisfied with sb 对某人感到满意 My parents are satisfied with me. 我的父母对我感到满意。 11.cant help doing 忍不住做某事 I feel very bored,so I cant help talking in class. 我觉得很无聊，所以忍不住在课堂上讲话。 12.shout at 大喊大叫 You dont shout at me. 你不可以对我大喊大叫。 13.out of sight 看不见，在视野之外。 At last,we find he was out of sight. 最后，我们发现他已经不见了。 14.have fun doing sth 享受做某事，做某事很有趣。 We are having fun playing basketball. 我们正享受着打篮球 。15.ask sb for help 向某人寻找帮助。 If you have trouble,you can ask teachers for help. 如果你有困难，可以向老师寻求帮助。重点句型： 1.while you were enjoying you trip.I was busy preparing for my exams. 你在愉快的游戏时，我正忙于准备考试。 2.It would be great fun. 那会很有趣的。 3.Could you tell me something about the Ming Tombs? 你能告诉我一些关于十三陵的事吗？ 4.The Tombs spread over an area of 40km. 十三陵占地四十平方千米。 5.They surveyed the area to make sure their tombs faced south and had mountains at the back. 他们仔细勘察了整个区域，确保陵墓坐北朝南，而且背靠群山。 6.Its about two and a half hours by bike. 骑自行车大约需要两个半小时。 7.Maoling lies to the . of Tailing. 茂陵位于泰陵. 8.,they walked through the passage into Dingling and were surprised at the wonders. 他们穿过通道进入定陵，对这些奇观感到很惊奇 9.As they were exploring happing,the crowd of people become larger and larger. 当他们高兴的参观时，拥挤的人群越来越大。 10.Someone stepped on Darrens toes while the crowd was pushing him in all direction. 人群从四面八方挤来时，有人踩了达伦的脚。 11.When Darren finally pushed his way out,he noticed his firends were both out of sight. 最后当达伦注意这条路时，他发现他的朋友都不见了。 12.He didnt raise his head until someone called him. 直到有个人叫他时他才抬起头。 13.As soon as the three boys saw each other,they all jump up happily. 这三个男孩一看到对方，都高兴的跳起来。 14.Please e-mail me soon. 请尽快给我发邮件。 15.We couldnt help playing with them. 我们忍不住和他们玩了起来。 16.Im very satisfied with everything in china. 我对中国的每件事都感到很满意。17.In the old days,common people like us had to get off their horse and walk. 古时候，像我们这样的普通人不得不下马步行。UNIT7 Topic1一、单词 successful adj. 成功的，有成就的. try ones best 尽某人的最大努力例句：Lets try our best to make it successful.翻译：让我们尽最大的努力使它成功.imagine v. 想象例句：I imagine (that) a lot of people will come to the party.翻译：我想将会有很多人来到这个聚会.soup 汤 n. 汤 biscuits n. 饼干 pancake n. 薄煎饼例句：I think they need to cook soup/ make biscuits/ make pancakes.翻译：我想她们需要煮汤/做饼干/做薄煎饼.westem adj. 西方的,西部的例句：I think a lot of students will buy westem food.翻译：我想许多学生会买西方的食物.Indian adj. 印度人的 Russian adj. 俄国的例句：I plan to cook Indian curries./ Russian black bread.翻译：我计划做印度的咖喱食品/俄国的黑面包supply n. 日常用品 vn. 供给,供应例句：It has only o few school supplies.翻译：它只有一点点学校供给.二、重点词组 chat with sb. 与某人聊天.例句：Ill chat with Jane on the Internet to get more information about him.翻译：我会和简在网上聊天了解更多关于他的信息. have a sweet tooth. 爱吃甜食例句：I have a sweet tooth ,and I think a lot of students will bug western food such as American chocolate cookies and Greek cheese pies.翻译：我喜欢吃甜食,我认为许多学生会买像美国巧克力饼干,希腊奶油派这样的西方食物. later on 过后,以后例句：I will send you an e-mail later on.翻译：我过后会给你发邮件. hold on 等一等(别挂电话)例句：A：Hello！Extension six zero zero six, please. B: OK! Hold on, please.翻译：A：你好！请呼叫6006. B：好的，请等一等！ be pleased with 对感到满意、高兴例句：Im very pleased with what you are doing for us.翻译：你为我们做的一切我感到非常满意. come true 变成现实例句：Lets make his dream come true.翻译：让我们使他梦想成真.三、重点句型 I know that he is a Canadian athlete. 我知道他是一位加拿大运动员. 此举含有一个由that引导的宾语从句.并与从句是指充当宾语的句子.当陈述句充当宾语时,由that来引 导,that在口语或非正式文体中常省略.如：I believe we will win the game next time. 我相信下次我们会赢得这项比赛. Mmm, shall we have a food festival to raise money for his school ? 嗯,我们举办一次美食节来为他的学校筹款好吗? have/hold/organize a food festival 举办美食节 I will turn to our teachers. 我向老师们求助. turn to sb = ask sb for help 向某人求助.如：Jim is going to turn to his parents.= Jim is going to ask his parents for help. 吉姆打算向他的父母求助 I will think about how to organize the food festival. 我将认真考虑如何组织美食节. how to organize 在句子中作宾语.有些动词,如：know, ask, decide, understand, show, find out, think about, remember等后面常用带疑问词的不定式作宾语.即：who/whom/how/where/what/when + to do sth.如：I dont know who to ask. 我不知道该问谁. Do you remember what to do ? 你记住该做什么了吗? 此外,疑问词+不定式在句中可作主语、表语.如：How to use the computer is a question. 怎样使用计算机是一个问题.Lets try our best to make it successful. 让我们尽最大努力使它成功. try ones best (to do sth) = do ones best (to do sth) 意思为“尽(某人)最大努力做某事”如：She tried/ did her best to solve the problem. 她尽了最大努力以解决这个问题. Whats more, Im sure that selling fried rice and dumplings will make a lot of money. 而且,我确实卖炒饭和水饺会挣到许多钱. whats more 意为“而且,更重要的是”,表示更进一步.如：He enjoyed the meal, and whats more, he ate up all the food. 他喜欢这顿饭,而且吃光了所有的食物. Thats good enough. 那就够好了. enough 在这里作副词,意为“足够(地)”,修饰形容词或副词时，放在形容词或副词之后.如：She is not old enough to join the army. 她年龄不够大,不能参军. enough 作形容词时,意为“足够的”,修饰名词时,放在复数名词或不可数名词之前.如：I have enough money to buy a coat. 我有足够的钱买一件外套. We student will sell many delicious international foods in order to raise money for a village school in Nigeria. 为了给尼日利亚一所乡村学校筹款,我们学生将出售许多美味的国际食品. In order to do sth. 意为“为了做某事”,它引导动词不定式短语在剧中作目的状语,可放在句首,也可放在句 末,其否定形式为in order to not to do sth. 意为“以免做某事”.如：He went to the hall early in order to get a good seat. 他很早就去了大厅,以便能找到一个好座位. Jim put on his coat in order to not to catch a cold. 吉姆穿上大衣,以免感冒. In order to catch up with her mother, the girl asked her to walk slowly. 这个女孩要她母亲走慢点,以便能赶上她. when，while，as显然都可以引导时间状语从句，但用法区别非常大。 一、when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。 Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already？（get为短暂性动词）你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？ Sorry，I was out when you called me（call为短暂性动词）对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。 Strike while the iron is hot（is为延续性动词，表示一种持续的状态）趁热打铁。 The students took notes as they listened（listen为延续性动词）学生们边听课边做笔记。 二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。 1从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。 When he had finished his homework，he took a short rest（finished先发生）当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。 When I got to the airport，the guests had left（got to后发生）当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。 2从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。 When While As we were dancing，a stranger came in（dance为延续性动词）当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。 When While As she was making a phonecall，I was writing a letter（make为延续性动词）当她在打电话时，我正在写信。 3当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as 常表示“随着”；“一边，一边”之意。 As the time went on，the weather got worse（as表示“随着”之意） The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。 As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。 The little girls sang as they went小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。 The sad mother sat on the roadside，shouting as she was crying伤心的妈妈坐在路边，边哭边叫。 4在将来时从句中，常用when，且从句须用一般时代替将来时。 You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅。 When the manager comes here for a visit next week，Ill talk with him about this下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。 三、when用于表示“一就”的句型中（指过去的事情）。 sbhad hardly（scarcely） done sthwhenHardly Sca