小学4种时态的用法.doc

龙文教育一对一个性化辅导教案学生学校年级次数第 次科目英语教师李燕妙日期2015.4.11时段课题 四种时态的综合运用教学重点 易错单词、词组、重难点句型；教学难点四种时态的综合运用教学目标1. 帮助学生复习巩固重难点单词、词组、句型；2. 复习四种时态的综合运用。教学步骤及教学内容步骤一：听写易错单词、短语和读课文 步骤二：四种时态的综合运用1. 概念2. 时态标志词3. 句型结构4. 否定句和疑问句步骤三：综合训练（详见讲义）步骤四：课堂总结回顾步骤五：布置作业管理人员签字： 日期： 年 月 日作业布置1、学生上次作业评价： 好 较好 一般 差 备注：2、本次课后作业： 课堂小结 家长签字： 日期： 年 月 日时态综合复习讲义一、 知识点讲解时态定义标志词谓语形式疑问形式否定式提问一般现在时1.目前存在的状态2.经常性、习惯性的动作3.用于客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。频度副词：always, usually, often，sometimes, every day(week.)twice a week, seldom,never. 系动词be ( am, is, are)行为动词原形（主语为第三人称单数时V + s, 或 es）1.be 放主语前2.主语前加do 或does (动词还原)1.be + not 2.动词前加 dont 或doesnt (动词还原)What do /does + 主语+ do?如：She reads English every day.What does she do every day?现在进行时表示现在或当前一段时间正在进行的动作或存在的状态1.提示语：look! Listen!2.At +时间点3.当前一段时间this week, these days4.at the momentBe (am, is, are ) + V-ingbe 放主语前be + notWhat is / are +主语+ doing？如：Were listening now.What are you doing now?一般将来时1.表示打算做某事2.将要发生的动作或存在的状态1. tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, soon, this afternoon, this evening,this weekend, 2.the next day,next week (month, year)3.in the future, two days later, after two days ,in a few days.1.be going to + V 原形2.will + V 原形3.go,come, leave, start 等用现在进行时表示将来时。be 或will 放主语前be 或 will 后加 notwill not = wont 1.What is/ are +going to do?2.What will + 主语+do?如：He will play basketball next week.What will he do next week?一般过去时表示过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状态1. yesterday/ the day before yesterday, last week/year/ month 等2. two years ago/ in 2005 / at that time /in the past3. just now4.at that moment1.动词be 的过去时（was, were）2.行为动词的过去式1.was/ were 放主语前2.主语前加did (动词还原)1.was/ were + not 2.动词前加didnt (动词还原)What did + 主语+ do?如：Tom did his homework last night.What did Tom do last night? 小学英语毕业总复习四种时态语法解析现在进行时一意义当表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事。 二构成: be (am, is ,are )+动词现在分词-ing形式肯定句： 主语 + be + 现在分词V-ing (+ 其他) Im doing my homework now .否定句：主语+be+not+动词-ing +其他. Im not doing my homework now.一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词-ing +其他？Are you doing your home work now? Yes, I am . No , Im not . 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词-ing+其他？ What are you doing now ?三. 现在分词的构成： （1）一般在动词末尾直接加ing, （2）以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加ing， 如 skate skating make making dance dancing write writing have having ride riding come coming （3）以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing, 如： putting running beginning stopping swimming shopping jogging sitting getting forgetting letting四. 时间标志now，句前的look ,listen 一般现在时一. 意义：表示经常发生的事情，动作或存在的状态二. 构成及变化1.be动词的变化。 肯定句： 主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2. 行为动词的变化。l 当主语为第一，二人称及复数时，助动词为do肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。如：We often play basketball after school. 否定句：主语+ dont+动词原形(+其它)。如：we dont play basketball after school.一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+其它?如： Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we dont.特殊疑问句：疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句？如： What do you often do after school ?l 当主语为第三人称单数时 , 助动词为does肯定句：主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如： He swims well. 否定句：主语+ doesnt+动词原形(+其它)。如：He doesnt swim well.一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+其它。 如：Does he swim well ? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+以does开头的一般疑问句？如： How does your father go to work?三第三人称单数的动词变化规则（只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中，动词才用三单式）(1)多数动词直接加s: runs gets likes collets takes plays climbs.(2)结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅音字母, 结尾加es : watches teaches goes does washes crosses mixes brushes(3)动词末尾y前为辅音:将y改为i加es: studystudies flyflies carrycarries crycries但在y前如果为元音则直接加s: buys says 四时间标志：always , usually , often , sometimes ,every 一般过去时一意义:表示过去某个时间发生的事情或存在的状态. 常与一般过去时态连用的时间有：yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening) last night (week, month, year),a moment ago , a week ago, three years ago just now, 二构成及变化1. Be动词在一般过去时中的变化： am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt） are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent） 带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 2.行为动词在一般过去时中的变化 肯定句 ： 主语 + 动词的过去式 . I watched a film last Sunday .否定句 ： 主语+ didnt + 动词原形. I didnt watch a film last Sunday .一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 ? Did you watch a film last Sunday ? Yes, I did . No , I didnt .特殊疑问句：疑问词+ 以did 开头的一般疑问句 ? What did you do last Sunday ?三. 动词过去式变化规则： 1.规则动词的过去式(1)一般在动词原形末尾加 ed helped ，looked , played , worked , listened (2)结尾是辅音字母不发音的e，加 d lived hoped use-used like - liked tasted loved closed (3)双写末尾的字母,再加ed stop-stopped plan-planned (4)结尾是辅音字母+y , 先变“y”为“i”,再加ed study-studied carry -carried cry - cried try-tried2.动词过去式的读音规则(1)在轻辅音后加ed读轻辅音/t/ asked cooked worked looked talked pickedwatched passed jumped helped surfed (2)在浊辅音及元音后加ed读浊辅音/d/ lived listened closed opened stayed watered played (3)在/t/ /d/ 之后读 /id/ started wanted needed tasted collected 3.不规则动词过去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, go-went,see-saw, say-said, give-gave, swim-swam, sit-sat get-got, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, read-read, make-made, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank,fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, find-found tell-told stand-stood think-thought buy-bought teach-taught 一般将来时一.意义: 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或重复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如：tomorrow , soon ,next Monday , next year , next weekend , this afternoon , this evening 二. 构成及变化一般将来时常用的两种结构 be going to+动词原形 : 表示打算、准备做的事或即将发生或肯定要发生的事。shallwill+动词原形 : 表示将要发生的动作或情况，没有太多的计划性, 还用来表示意愿1. be going to +动词原形1.肯定句 主语+ be(am /,is,/ are) going to +动词原形+其它成份My sister is going to learn English next year. 我姐姐准备明年学英语。2.否定句 主语+be（am / is / are）not going to +动词原形 +其它成份I am not going to（go to）the cinema tonight. 我今天晚上不打算去看电影。3.一般疑问句 Be (am / is / are)+主语+going to+动词原型+其它成份?Is your father going to play basketball with you ?No , he isnt.你父亲打算和你去打篮球吗?不。4.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词(Wh-)+一般疑问句 ?Where are you going to spend Spring Fesital.? 春节你打算在哪过？5.注意: be going to 结构后面习惯上不跟 go ， come 等表位移的动词，一般用该动词的进行时形式表示。如: Hes going to New York next week.下周他要去纽约.2. will /shall +动词原形 （在书面语中，主语是第一人称时，常用shall ,在口语中，所有人称都可以用will）1.肯定句 主语+will/shall+动词原形+其它成份I (shall) write to him next week. 下周我将给他写信。2.否定句 主语 + will /shall+ not + 动词原形 +其它成份 They wont watch TV this evening.今天晚上他们不看电视。3.一般疑问句 will/shall+主语 +动词原形+其它成份Will you stay at home with us tomorrow ？ 明天你和我们呆在家里好吗？4.特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词(Wh-) +一般疑问句When will your father be back? 你爸爸什么时侯回来？附 : Shall I /we 常用来征求对方意见，而问对方是否愿意，或者表示客气的邀请，常用Will you?他们的回答比较灵活。1Shall we go to the park ? 肯定Sure , lets go . 否定 No , lets go to the cinema.2. Will you please come to my birthday party next week ? 肯定Yes, I will. / Sure . 否定 Im sorry. Im afraid I cant.综合习题（一）、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month.2.Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night. So I _ (get ) up late.3.Mary _ (read) English yesterday morning.4.There _ (be) no one here a moment ago.5.I _ (call) Mike this morning.6.I listened but _ (hear) nothing.7.Tom _ (begin) to learn Chinese last year.8.Last week we _ (pick) many apples on the farm. 9.My mother _ (not do) housework yesterday.10.She watches TV every evening. But she _ (not watch) TV last night.11._ your father _ ( go ) to work every day last year?12. What time _ you _ (get) to Beijing yesterday?We _ (get) to Beijing at 9:00 in the evening.13.What _ (make) him cry (哭) just now?14.Last year the teacher _ (tell) us that the earth moves around the sun.15.There _ a telephone call for you just now. (be) 16.There _ not enough people to pick apples that day. ( be)17.There _ any hospitals (医院) in my hometown (家乡) in 1940. ( be not)18.There _ enough milk at home last week, wasnt there?19.Eli _ to Japan last week. ( move)20. When _ you _ (come) to China? - Last year. 21.Did she _ (have) supper at home? 22.Jack _ (not clean) the room just now. 23._ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?24.How many people _ (be) there in your class last term?25.It _ (be) hot yesterday and most children _ (be) outside26. There _ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _ (have) no time to watch it. 27. He ate some bread and _ (drink) some milk.28. _ he _ (finish) his homework last night?29. I_(be) tired yesterday. 30. I _(gain ) Arts degree last year.31. What _ you _ (do) last night?32. My grandfather _ (leave) Hong Kong for New York in 1998.33. What _ he _ (do) yesterday?34. Last week I _ (buy) a new bike.36. He _ (not find ) his key last night.37. My father _ (drink) a lot of wine yesterday.38. _ you _ (finish) your homework yesterday?39. I _ (eat) some eggs and bread this morning.40. Her mother _ (not give) the girl any present.41The buses _ (use) a lot of oil.42My daughter _ (watch) TV every day. Sometimes she _ (see) a film on Sunday.43Li Wei _ (have) a daughter. 44Her mother _ (teach) English at a middle school.45Jack often _ (listen) to the radio.46He _ (say) that Li Lei is tired.47.Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month.48.Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night. So I _ (get ) up late.49.Mary _ (read) English yesterday morning.50.There _ (be) no one here a moment ago.51.I _ (call) Mike this morning.52.I listened but _ (hear) nothing.53.Tom _ (begin) to learn Chinese last year.54.Last week we _ (pick) many apples on the farm. 55.My mother _ (not do) housework yesterday.56.She watches TV every evening. But she _ (not watch) TV last night.57._ your father _ ( go ) to work every day last year?58. What time _ you _ (get) to Beijing yesterday?We _ (get) to Beijing at 9:00 in the evening.59What _ (make) him cry (哭) just now?60.Last year the teacher _ (tell) us that the earth moves around the sun.61.There _ a telephone call for you just now. (be) 62.There _ not enough people to pick apples that day. ( be)63.There _ any hospitals (医院) in my hometown (家乡) in 1940. ( be not)64.There _ enough milk at home last week, wasnt there?65.Eli _ to Japan last week. ( move)66. When _ you _ (come) to China? - Last year. 67.Did she _ (have) supper at home? 68.Jack _ (not clean) the room just now. 69._ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?70.How many people _ (be) there in your class last term?71.It _ (be) hot yesterday and most children _ (be) outside72 There _ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _ (have) no time to watch it. 73 He ate some bread and _ (drink) some milk.74 _ he _ (finish) his homework last night?75. I_(be) tired yesterday. （二）、选择题1. _Alice often play the piano. No, she _.A. Do; do B. Does; does C. Does; doesnt 2. Every one _ to their teacher in the classroom. A. are listening B. is listening C. listen 3. Danny _ breakfast five times last week. A. ate B. eat C. eated 4. Im going to _ some chopsticks _ Sunday afternoon. A. bought; on B. buy; on C. buy; in 5. Are you going to take a piano class? _ A. No, we not B. No, I am C. Yes, I am 6. Is he _ TV？Yes, he is. A