公开课：完形填空解题技巧(公开课).ppt

SkillsofClozeTests 完形填空解题技巧 一 中考英语完形填空的命题特点 中考英语完形填空旨在全面考查考生英语基础知识和综合运用语言的能力 其中包括词汇辨析能力 阅读理解能力 逻辑推理和判断能力等 它不仅要求考生具有扎实的基础知识 而且还要求考生具有独立分析 对比取舍及灵活处理问题的能力 完形填空的命题原则是 以实词为主 虚词为辅 突出词汇语境化 实词中偏重于对动词和名词的考查 同时也兼顾对形容词 副词以及其它词类的考查 试题以情境意义选择为主 纯语法性选择近年已趋近于零 广东高考完形填空题究竟考什么 怎么考 请看以下研究结果 命题揭密 完型填空的特点 1 首句不设空 因为首句是文章的窗口 不设空有助于考生了解或推测全文的大意 2 选项特点 同一小题的四个选项必须是同一词类 且为同一语法形式 3 设空方式 命题者主要从以下三种层面上设题 句子层面 在理解本句的基础上重要信息点可能在空格前 也可能在空格后 句组层面 考生需在理解空格所在句及其前一句或后一句之后才可选出正确答案 语篇层面 必须理解前后几句或上下段落 甚至整个篇章 才可选出正确答案 轻语法 重逻辑 Howtogethighscores 1 正确的答题步骤2 必要的答题技巧3 适量的实践训练 1 注重首句 浏览全文 掌握大意 a 应用阅读技能 进行缺词阅读 b 注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句 2 注重语境 瞻前顾后 试填答案 a 先填上固定搭配与习惯表达 基本句型等较容易的空格 b 对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲 力争突破难点 3 通读全文 检查核对 确保最佳 解题步骤与策略 hospital night no little Warming up 请根据前后文填词 使句子逻辑一致 1 MrBlackisadoctor heworksinthe 2 Anursenotonlyworksintheday butalsoworksduringthe 3 Heisratherbusy sohehas timetohavelunchathome 4 WehaveanEnglishtestthisterm it sveryeasy moststudentscan thistest 5 Thewholeclasswenttothezooyesterday theywereverytired happy pass but Warming up 请根据前后文填词 使句子逻辑一致 有没有什么技巧呢 InNewYork onaFridaynight ayoungartiststoodatthegateofatrainstation Hewasplayinghis 1 Hismusicwassogreatthatmanypeopleputmoneyintohishat Thenextday theyoungartistcametothesameplace andplayedtheviolinasusual 1 A pianoB guitarC violinD sax violin violin Skill1 context 上下文 语境 Onceakingwaswalkingaroundapoolwithhisministers 大臣 Suddenly hecameupwithanidea Heasked Howmanybasketsof2arethereinthepool asbigasthepool thereisonebasketofwater 2 A fishB flowersC waterD apples basketofwater water basketsof Whenwetalked Idiscovered 发现 somedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina Forexample eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS Itisalittle 3 thanthatinChina Weusuallyhaveforty fiveminutesineachclass 3 A shorterB longerC earlierD later fifty forty five Skill2 logic 逻辑推理 Mymotheroftenaskedme Whatisthemostimportantpartofthebody Ithoughtsoundwasveryimportanttousashumans soIsaid My4 Mommy Shesaid No Manypeoplearedeaf 聋的 4 A earsB eyesC bodyD head sound deaf Whentwopeopleareinaconversation thespeakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotime inordertomakesurethatthelistenerpaysattention5whatheorsheisspeaking 5 A forB ofC withD to paysattention to Skill3 regularcollocation 固定搭配 payattentionto 注意 Skill4 wordsanalysis 词义辨析 6 Butbyusingliterarytexts 文学文本 alongsideothertexts teacherscan6studentsimprovetheirreadingskills 6 A wantB helpC getD ask 2020 3 16 15 可编辑 Skill5 backgroundknowledge 背景知识 包括生活及文化方面的 Butwerunsofastthat afterwards wehadtrouble7 7 A speakingB movingC sleepingD breathing runsofast 1 context 上下文 语境 3 regularcollocation 固定搭配 2 logic 逻辑 SkillsofClozeTests 完形填空的解题技巧 4 wordsanalysis 词义辨析 5 backgroundknowledge 背景知识 1 MartinLutherKingwasanimportant1ofblackpeopleinAmerican Hebelievedthatblackpeopleandwhitepeopleshouldhaveequalrights In1963 DrKingledamarchinWashingtonD C AlotofAmericanswenttheretotakepartinthe2 Theywantedthegovernmentto3thelawsthatwereunfairtoblackpeople DrKingbelievedingainingequalrightsforallpeoplethroughpeaceandnotforce Whenhewaskilledin1968 theUnitedStates4agreatleader 1 A runnerB singerC leaderD teacher2 A crowdB warC groupD march3 A signBsellC passD change4 A lostB foundC boughtD died leader march thatwereunfairto waskilled Tesswaseightyearsoldwhenherparentstalkingaboutherlittlebrother Andrew Allsheknewwasthathewasverysickandtheyhadnomoney Onlyaverycostly1couldsavehimnowandnoonewantedto2themthemoney SheheardDaddysaytoherMother3 Onlyamiracle 奇迹 cansavehimnow Tessgotallthechangeshehadand4herwaytothedrugstore A surgeonB companionC protectionD operation2 A borrowB lendC makeD leave3 A happilyB proudlyC angrilyD sadly4 A madeB tookC sailedD passed makeone swayto 朝 走去 5 A doubtfulB badC puzzlingD unlucky6 A buyB purchaseC sellD share7 A lookedB ranC cameD rolled Whatdoyouwant theclerkasked Amiracle Tessanswered Mylittlebrotherhassomething5growinginsidehisheadandmydadsaysonlyamiraclecansavehimnow Wedon t6miracleshere littlegirl Theclerksaid Theclerk sbrotherwasawell dressedman He7overandaskedthelittlegirl Whatkindofmiracledoesyourbrotherneed comeover走近 走过来lookover仔细检查runover撞倒 跑过去rollover翻滚 翻身 8 A repliedB allowedC acceptedD expected9 A tiredB deafC nervousD sick10 A waitB begC payD apply11 A highB lowC loudD excited Idon tknow Tess8withtearsinhereyes Ijustknowhe sreally9 butmydadcan t10foramiracle soIwanttousemyonedollarandelevencents Tessansweredina11voice 12 A exactB sameC properD reasonable13 A spendingB wasteC chargeD tip14 A achievementB successC medicineD miracle15 A devotionB faithC trustD patience Adollarandelevencents the12priceofamiracleforalittlebrother smiledtheman Thatwell dressedmanwasDr CarltonArmstrong asurgeon Theoperationwascompletedwithout13anditwasn tlongbeforeAndrewwashomeagainanddoingwell Thatsurgeryisareal14 Itcostsonedollarandelevencents plus 加上 the15ofalittlechild Summary 总结 2 theanswersaccordingtothepassageisagoodwaytodoacloze Guessing 1Youshould thepassage thenyoumayfindtheanswerisjustinthepassage readthrough 3 Chosethebestanswers 具体解题步骤 1 抓住首尾 了解短文 2 通读全文 把握脉络 3 瞻前顾后 上下求索 4 再读文章 核查答案 勾划 研读首句尾句以及有中文注释的单词 打开答题窗口 了解全文 跳过空格 速读全文 把握大意 注意文中的语篇标志 和句中的连词 捕捉关键词汇 前后联系 先易后难 运用解题策略从句子 段落 语篇层面解题 划出语篇标志 找准关键词 定位词 代入答案 再读全文 反复检查争取做到 结构正确 语义通顺 逻辑合理 少于1分钟 约5分钟 约2分钟 约2分钟 信息常识 上下呼应 搭配遣词 逻辑贯通 文中无闲句 句中无闲字 特别提示 三 解题误区 1