北京平谷区高考英语 阅读理解和作文自选练习（3）.doc

北京平谷区2016高考英语 阅读理解和作文自选练习（3）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。what would it be like to take a walk on the surface of mars? if you could design the tallest building in the world, what would it look like? do you dream of being the next j.k.rowling? this summer, you can experience all of these things, and more. all you need is an internet connection and your imagination. a recent study by the kaiser family foundation found that kids spend an average of 1 hour and 29 minutes online each day. many kids like to use that time to chat with friends, play games or check e-mails. but next time you get on the web, try exploring the world instead. “with the internet, you can go back 11,000 years in time, or go 11,000 kilometers across the planet,” said russell, web search expert of google. “the whole scope of history and the world is open to you.” there is a wealth of information to be found online. for example, if your family is going on vacation somewhere, do a quick online search on the area before you even get in the car. “whats the background of the place; whats the history?” says russell. “i like to tell my kids, whenever you have a question, whenever you have a doubt, search it out.”ready to launch a virtual journey of your own? here are a few starting points to get you thinking and to help you on your way. you can invite your parents along for the ride, too. always ask for permission before downloading programs and software into your computer. and, check with a parent or adult before visiting any new website.navigate the world in 3-d with google earth. begin in outer space and zoom into the streets of any city, from hong kong to san francisco. or, visit ancient monuments and watch the changing rainforests over time. with the moon in google earth tool, you can walk in neil armstrongs famous footsteps. take a guided tour of the moons surface with armstrongs fellow shuttle mate astronaut buzz aldrin.1. according to russell, the kids _.a. spend too much time on the internetb. should never chat and play games onlinec. can solve their problems through the internetd. should study hard instead of chatting online2. from the passage we know that _.a. we can find much information we need onlineb. neil armstrong traveled to the moon alonec. the kids can download programs onto the computer freely d. the kids can visit the new website freely without parents guidance3. according to the passage, if you want to go to tropical rainforests, you can _.a. take the time shuttle b. go to the cinema to watch 3-d filmsc. find a travel agency in google d. use google earth 4. the passage is mainly intended for _.a. parents b. kids c. teachers d. adults5. in which section of a website can we probably read this passage?a. culture. b. health. c. internet world. d. tourism.【参考答案】15、cadbc阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。a is for always getting to work on time.b is for being extremely busy.c is for the conscientious（勤勤恳恳的） way you do your job.you may be all these things at the office, and more. but when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the abcs of business should include a p, for politics, as in office politics.dale carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago: hard work alone doesnt ensure career advancement. you have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politicsa better job, a raise, praisemany people are still unable or unwillingto “play the game”.“people assume that office politics involves some manipulative（工于心计的） behavior,” says deborah comer, an assistant professor of management at hofstra university.“but politics derives from the word polite. it can mean lobbying（游说）and forming associations. it can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying, to please your superior, and then expecting something in return.”in fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behaviors used to pursue ones own self-interest in the workplace. in many cases, this involves some forms of socializing within the office environmentnot just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well.“the first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis,” says neil p.lewis,a management psychologist.“but if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. it s simple human nature.”yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. some people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. still others associate politics with flattery, fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors.experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion.49. “office politics” （line 2,para.4） is used in the passage to refer to_.a. the political views and beliefs of office workersb. the interpersonal relationships within a companyc. the various qualities required for a successful careerd. the code of behavior for company staff50. to get promoted, one must not only be competent but_.a. avoid being too outstanding b. get along well with his colleaguesc. honest and loyal to his companyd. give his boss a good impression51. the author considers office politics to be _.a. unwelcome at the workplaceb. bad for interpersonal relationshipsc. an important factor for personal advancementd. indispensable to the development of company culture52. it is the author s view that_.a. self-promotion does not necessarily mean flattery b. hard work contributes very little to one s promotionc. many employees fail to recognize the need of flatteryd. speaking up for oneself is part of human nature【参考答案】49-52 bdca 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。the producers of instant coffee found their product strongly resisted in the market places despite their products obvious advantages. furthermore，the advertising expense for instant coffee was far greater than that for regular coffee. efforts were made to find the cause of the users seemingly unreasonable resistance to the product. the reason given by most people was dislike for the taste. the producers doubt that there might be deeper reasons，however. this was supported by one of motivation researchs classic studies，one often cited in the trade. mason haire of the university of california constructed two shopping lists that were the same except for one item. there were six items common to both lists: hamburger，carrots，bread，baking powder，canned peaches，and potatoes，with the brands or amounts specified. the seventh item，in fifth place on both lists，read“lib. maxwell house coffee”on one list and“nescafe instant coffee”on the other. one list was given to each one in a group of fifty women，and the other list to those in another group of the same size. the women were asked to study their lists and then to describe，as far as they could，the kind of woman（personality and character）who would draw up that shopping list. nearly half of those who had received the list including instant coffee described a housewife who was lazy and a poor planner. on the other hand，only one woman in the other group described the housewife，who had included regular coffee on，her list was lazy; only six of that group suggested that she was a poor planner. eight women felt that the instant-coffee user was probably not a good wife！no one in the other group drew such a conclusion about the housewife who intended to buy regular coffee.53. the result of the investigation showed that _.a. women who used regular coffee were good plannersb. most of the women investigated were good at reasonsc. many women believed that wives who used instant coffee were lazyd. housewives who used instant coffee were lazy54. in the study，the women were supposed to give the opinions about_.a. which was better，instant coffee or regular coffeeb. womens attitude towards shoppingc. the necessity of making such a shopping listd. the personality of a woman who would prepare such a list55. judging by the result of the study many women were not interested in instant coffee because_.a. they didnt trust advertisementsb. instant coffee was not suited to their tastec. they wanted to show that they were intelligentd. they had a sense of shame about using instant coffee56. the“instant coffee”probably means_.a. expensive coffee b. coffee made up quickly for usec. cheap coffeed.coffee made up slowly for use【参考答案】53-56 cddb阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。“creativity is the key to a brighter future，”says education and business experts. here is how schools and parents can encourage this important skill in children.if dick drew had listened to his boss in 1925，we might not have a product that we now think of as of great importance: a new type of tape. drew worked for the minnesota mining company. at work he developed a kind of material strong enough to hold things together. but his boss told him not to think more about the idea. finally，using his own time，drew improved the tape，which now is used everywhere by many people. and his former company learned from its mistake. now it encourages people to spend 15 percent of their work time just thinking about and developing new ideas.creativity is not something one is just born with，nor is it necessarily a character of high intelligence. the fact that a person is highly intelligent does not mean that he uses it creatively. creativity is the matter of using the resources one has to produce new ideas that are good for something.unfortunately，schools have not tried to encourage creativity.with strong attention to test results and the development of reading，writing and mathematical skills，many educators give up creativity for correct answers.the result is that children can give back information but cant recognize ways to use it in new situation.they may know the rules correctly but they are unable to use them to work out practical problems.it is important to give children choices. from the earliest age，children should be allowed to make decisions and understand their results.even if its choosing between two food items for lunch，decision-making helps thinking skills.as children grow older，parents should let their children decide how to use their time or spend their money. this is because the most important character of creative people is a very strong desire to find a way out of trouble.57. what did the company where drew once worked learn from its mistake?a. they should encourage people to work a longer time. b. people should be discouraged to think freely.c. people will do better if they spend most of their work time developing new ideas.d. it is necessary for people to spend some of their work time considering and improving new ideas.58. creativity is _.a. something that most people are born withb. something that has nothing to do with intelligence at allc. a way of using what one has learned to work out new problems d. something that is not important to the character of a person at all 59. why dont schools try to encourage creativity?a. they dont understand the importance of creativity education.b. they dont want their students to make mistakes.c. they pay too much attention to examination marks，language and maths skills.d. they think it more important to remember some information.60. what should the parents do when their children decide how to spend their money?a. help them when necessary. b. try to help them as much as possible.c. take no notice of whatever they do.d. leave the children as they are. 【答案】57-60 dcaa（2014湖北卷）第二节：短文写作（共1题；满分30分）请根据以下提示，并结合具体事例，用英语写一篇短文。small things make a big difference. the small things we do can make us a responsible member of the society.注意：无须写标题；除诗歌外，文体不限；内容必须结合你生活中的具体事例； 文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；词数不少于120，如引用提示语则不计入总词数。【考点】考察开放性作文【写作指导】本文属于开放性作文，要求我们就：我们做的微小的事情都可以对我们的社会产生很大的影响