高考英语考点分类汇编（近3年真题+模拟）专题十三 特殊句式(1).doc

专题十三特殊句式高考试题考点一 倒装句1.only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent properly in this hospital.(2013新课标全国,12)a.can be the patients treatedb.can the patients be treatedc.the patients can be treatedd.treated can be the patients剖析:b考查倒装。句意:只有把这家医院的医生人数增加50%,病人才能得到妥善的治疗。“only+状语”位于句首时,句子用部分倒装,故选b项。2.only when he apologizes for his rudeness to him again.(2013江西,25)a.i will speakb.will i speakc.do i speak d.i speak剖析:b考查倒装句。“only+状语或者状语从句”置于句首时,主句应用部分倒装;根据句意可知,主句应用一般将来时,综合以上内容可知应选b项(只有当他向我道歉,我才会)。3.not until he went through real hardship the love we have for our families is important.(2013福建,34)a.had he realizedb.did he realizec.he realizedd.he had realized剖析:b考查倒装句。句意:直到他经历了真正的困难,他才意识到我们对家人的爱的重要性。由题干中句首的关键信息not until可知此处要用部分倒装,排除c、d两项,而a项用了过去完成时,表示“realize表示的动作发生在从句谓语went through表示的动作之前”,这显然不合逻辑,所以排除a项。故答案为b项。4.at no time the rules of the game.it was unfair to punish them.(2013辽宁,26)a.they actually brokeb.do they actually breakc.did they actually breakd.they had actually broken剖析:c考查倒装句。句意:他们事实上根本没有违反游戏规则。惩罚他们是不公平的。at no time,意为“绝不,根本不”。当含有否定词的介词短语位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装形式。另外,句子中的was表明空白处说的是过去的情况,所以选c项。5.“never for a second,”the boy says,“ that my father would come to my rescue.”(2013江苏,27)a.i doubted b.do i doubtc.i have doubtedd.did i doubt剖析:d本题考查动词时态和倒装结构。句意:这个男孩说:“我没有丝毫地怀疑过我爸爸会来救我。”本题中,never for a second置于句首,所以句子要用部分倒装。再根据would come to.可知,是在讲过去发生的事情,故应用过去时。故答案选d。【技巧点拨】 部分倒装的解题技巧是:一般来说,只要我们看到句首出现了否定意义的词以及so跟形容词或副词的情况就选择“助动词/情态动词/系动词+名词/代+实义动词”的选项。6.the headmaster will not permit the change in the course,nor it a thought.(2012重庆,33)a.does he even giveb.he even givesc.will he even gived.he will even give剖析:c句意:校长不会同意在课程上的变革的,他甚至连考虑都不会考虑一下。当否定副词nor位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装结构,可排除b、d两项;结合题干中的will可知,c项正确。7.only after mary read her composition the second time the spelling mistake.(2012天津,6)a.did she noticeb.she noticedc.does she noticed.she has noticed剖析:a句意:只有玛丽第二次读她的这篇作文后,她才注意到那个拼写错误。only +状语状语从句置于句首时,主句部分倒装,而且根据“read”判定时态是一般过去时,故答案选a。8.never before seen anybody who can play tennis as well as robert.(2012江西,32)a.had sheb.she hadc.has shed.she has剖析:c句意:她从来没有见到过任何人打网球和robert一样好的。never放于句首,句子部分倒装。排除b、d。再根据关键词can可知描述现在的情况,句子应该用现在完成时。9.not until he retired from teaching three years ago having a holiday abroad.(2012辽宁,32)a.he had consideredb.had he consideredc.he consideredd.did he consider剖析:d句意:直到三年前从教师工作上退休后,他才考虑出国度假。not until位于句首时句子要部分倒装,结合题干中的时间状语three years ago,可知答案为d项。10.only when he reached the tea-house it was the same place hed been in last year.(2011新课标全国,28)a.he realizedb.he did realizec.realized hed.did he realize剖析:d句意:只有当他到达茶馆时,他才意识到这是他去年来过的同一个地方。当only修饰状语位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装,即把助动词放在主语的前面。故选d。11.its nice. never before such a special drink!im glad you like it. (2011福建,29) a.i have hadb.i hadc.have i hadd.had i剖析:c句意:太好了。我以前从没喝过如此特别的饮料!我很高兴你喜欢它。表示否定意义的词,如:never,hardly,no,not等放在句首时,句子要用部分倒装。而本题所考查的时态是强调对现在的影响,故用现在完成时,选c。12.we laugh at jokes,but seldom about how they work.(2010四川,9)a.we thinkb.think wec.we do thinkd.do we think剖析:d句意:我们因笑话而笑,但很少去思考笑话怎样让我们笑。seldom为否定副词,置于句首时,用部分倒装,故选d。13.unsatisfied with the payment , he took the job just to get some work experience.(2009重庆,33)a.though was heb.though he wasc.he was thoughd.was he though剖析:b句意:虽然他对薪酬并不满意,为了获得些工作经验他还是做了这份工作。though引导的让步从句,可以将表语或状语提前构成倒装,而后面的部分保持陈述语序。考点二 强调句1.it was only after he had read the papers mr.gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.(2013新课标全国,10)a.whenb.thatc.whichd.what剖析:b考查强调句型。句意:是在看了那些文件之后gross先生才意识到他面前的任务极难完成。由句子结构可知,此处为强调句型“it is/was+被强调部分+that+其他成分”,本句的被强调部分是状语only after he had read the papers。2.it was with the help of the local guide the mountain climber was rescued.(2013重庆,27)a.whob.thatc.whend.how剖析:b考查强调句型。句意:正是在当地导游的帮助下,这个登山者才得以获救。强调句型的基本结构为:it is/was+被强调部分+that/who.【技巧点拨】 判断是否为强调句型可以将it is/was和that/who去掉,如果剩余部分的句子结构仍然完整,则该句为强调句。例如:it was at ten oclock that i went back home.(强调句)it was ten oclock when i went back home.(时间状语从句)3.it was not until near the end of the letter she mentioned her own plan.(2013天津,11)a.thatb.wherec.whyd.when剖析:a考查强调句型。句意:直到将近信的结尾她才提及了自己的计划。本题的题干为强调句型,被强调部分为not until near the end of the letter。原句为she didnt mention her own plan until near the end of the letter.【技巧点拨】 判断是否是强调句型,可通过去掉it is/was.that结构来检验。若去掉该结构后,句子不缺少任何句子成分,句子仍成立,只是某个成分位置上的变化,可以判定是强调句型。但要特别注意it的意义,若存在指代意义,则需要慎重考虑。4.it was 80 years before christopher columbus crossed the atlantic zheng he had sailed to east africa.(2012重庆,32)a.whenb.thatc.afterd.since剖析:b句意:郑和在早于克里斯托弗哥伦布横穿大西洋八十年前就航行到了东非。这里强调的是时间状语,结合it is+.+that.强调句型可知选b。5.it was not until i came here i realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.(2012湖南,30)a.whob.thatc.whered.before剖析:b句意:直到来到这里我才意识到这个地方不但以它的美丽出名而且还以它的天气而出名。强调not.until引导的时间状语从句,引导词只能用that。6.it is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do benefits our work most.(2011陕西,23)a.whob.whichc.thatd.what剖析:c句意:最能让我们的事业获益的并不是我们完成的工作量,而是我们对工作投入的热忱度。分析句子结构可知,该句是强调句。被强调部分是句子的主语,充当主语的是not.but.结构连接的两个主语从句。7.have you seen the film under the hawthorn tree? of course,i have.it was in our village it was made. (2011重庆,32) a.thatb.wherec.whend.which剖析:a句意:你看过电影山楂树之恋吗?当然看过了,这部电影就是在我们村拍摄的。答句中的强调句的正常语序为it was made in our village.此处是对地点状语进行强调,在强调句中,只有强调人时,才可以用who,否则一律用that,故选a。8.was it on a lonely island he was saved one month after the boat went down? (2011四川,15)a.whereb.thatc.whichd.what剖析:b句意:他是在这艘小船沉没一个月后在一个孤岛上被救起来的吗?此处为强调句的一般疑问句。强调句的一般疑问句构成是:is/was it +被强调部分+that+其他部分?故选b项。9.its not what we do once in a while shapes our lives,but what we do consistently.(2011湖南,35)a.whichb.thatc.howd.when 剖析:b句意:不是我们偶尔一次而是我们始终如一做的事情塑造了我们的生活。被强调部分是句子的主语,充当主语的是主语从句,引导词用that。10.if you have a job, yourself to it and finally youll succeed.(2010四川 19)a.do devoteb.dont devotec.devotingd.not devoting剖析:a句意:如果你有一份工作,就用心去做,最后你会成功的。do devote yourself to it是祈使句,跟后面的句子并列,do是用来表示强调,加强语气。11.ive read another book this week.well,maybe is not how much you read but what you read that counts. (2009浙江,4)a.thisb.thatc.thered.it剖析:d句意:本周我又读了一本书。哦,可能不是你读得数量而是你读得内容才重要。本题考查强调句式:it is+被强调部分+that句型中的it。考点三 主谓一致1.the famous musician,as well as his students, to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 taipei flower expo.(2013福建,23)a.were invitedb.was invitedc.have been invitedd.has been invited剖析:b考查主谓一致。句意:那位著名的音乐家和他的学生被邀请在2012年台北花博会的开幕式上演出。由句中2012年的开幕式可知,“被邀请”是一个发生在过去的动作,且不表示对现在造成了影响,也不表示动作持续到现在,所以应用过去时;句子的真正主语为the famous musician,谓语用第三人称单数形式。故选b项。2.generally,students inner motivation with high expectations from others essential to their development.(2013江苏,21)a.is b.arec.wasd.were剖析:a本题考查主谓一致及动词的时态。分析句子结构可知,该句的主语部分为students inner motivation为第三人称单数。再根据generally(一般说来)判断该句讲的是一般情况,所以用一般现在时。解答该类题目的关键在于找准中心词。3.all the scientific evidence that increasing use of chemicals in farming damaging our health.(2012湖南,35)a.show;areb.shows;arec.show;isd.shows;is剖析:d句意:所有的科学证据都表明农业中对化学品日益增长的使用正损害我们的身体健康。第一个空的主语为不可数名词 evidence,故其谓语动词要用单数 shows;第二个空的主语指这件事,谓语动词也要用单数形式。故d项正确。4.the basketball coach, as well as his team, interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.(2012陕西,12)a.wereb.wasc.is d.are剖析:b句意:由于出色的表现,比赛结束不久,这位篮球教练和他的队员们接受了采访。as well as连接两个并列的名词作主语时,根据其前面的名词来确定谓语动词的形式。由句意可知动作发生在过去,故选b项。5.the factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which saved for other purposes.(2011安徽,27)a.is b.arec.wasd.were剖析:d句意:这家工厂使用了65%的原材料,其余的节省下来以作他用。考查主谓一致和时态。后半句中的 the rest of which中的 which指的是 raw materials,所以谓语动词用复数,再结合前半句中的时态可判断d项正确。6.one third of the country covered with trees and the majority of the citizens black people.(2011湖南,26)a.is;areb.is;isc.are;ared.are;is剖析:a句意:这个国家的三分之一被树覆盖,而且大多数公民是黑色人种。在第一空中,one third of the country指“一个国家的三分之一”,后面的谓语动词应用单数形式。在第二空中,the majority后面的 citizens为复数意义,故谓语动词用复数形式。7.the fact that so many people still smoke in public places that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.(2011江苏,22)a.suggestb.suggestsc.suggestedd.suggesting剖析:b考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:许多人仍然在公共场所吸烟这一事实表明我们需要开展一场全国范围的运动来提高人们对吸烟的危险性的认识。根据句意及从句时态可知应使用一般现在时;本句的主语是 the fact,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数,故选b项。8.-is everyone here?-not yet. look, there the rest of our guests!(2010江苏,33)a.comeb.comesc.is comingd.are coming剖析:a考查动词的时态和主谓一致。答语为倒装句,the rest of our guests作主语,谓语动词要用复数形式;此处叙述的是现在的事实,所以用一般现在时。come用于进行时通常用来表示按照计划或安排将要发生的动作,因此d项不恰当。9.listening to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers.(2010湖南,33)a.isb.arec.hasd.have剖析:c句意:在摇滚音乐会上听很吵的音乐已造成了一些青少年的听力丧失。动名词短语作主语,谓语动词用单数形式,故选c项。10.the teacher together with the students discussing reading skills that newly published in america.(2009四川,17)a.are;wereb.is;werec.are;was d.is;was剖析:d考查主谓一致。主语后接由with,except,as well as,no less than,rather than,more than,over,besides,together with,like,including,in addition to等构成的短语时,谓语动词仍与前面的主语保持一致;书名、剧名、报名、国名、地名等作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。题中reading skills为书名。考点四 省略句1.the driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police .(2013新课标全国,28)a.not to dob.not toc.not do d.do not剖析:b考查省略。句意:那个司机想把车停靠在路边,但是警察不允许他这样做。这里为了避免重复,省略与前文相同的部分,只保留不定式符号to。补充完整后应为“was asked by the police not to park his car near the roadside”。2.when for his views about his teaching job, philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.(2012安徽,30)a.askingb.askedc.having askedd.to be asked剖析:b句意:当被问及对于自己教书工作的看法时,菲利普说他觉得这工作既有趣又有价值。考查状语从句的省略。如果状语从句的主语和主句主语相同或状语从句的主语是it,且状语从句的谓语含有be动词,则可以把从句的主语和be动词一起省略。句子还原为:when (philip was) asked for his views about his teaching job, philip said.很明显句子主语philip和ask之间为被动关系,且从句为一般过去时,所以从句省略了philip was,即答案为b项。3.it sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine.,wed better take it to the garage immediately.(2011江苏,33)a.otherwise b.if notc.but for thatd.if so剖析:d句意:听起来像是汽车发动机出问题了,如果那样的话,我们最好立刻把它送到汽修厂去。前后两句话是顺承关系。otherwise“否则,要不然”;if not“要不,不然”;but for that“若不是因为那件事”;if so“若是这样”,在本题中是if something is wrong with the cars engine的省略形式。4.though to see us,the professor gave us a warm welcome. (2010全国,11)a.surprisingb.was surprisedc.surprisedd.being surprised剖析:c句意:尽管看到我们很惊讶,教授给我们热情的欢迎。状语从句补完整为though he was surprised,跟主句的主语一致,可以省略主语和系动词。5.the experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise,if regularly, can improve our health.(2010浙江,8)a.being carried outb.carrying outc.carried outd.to carry out剖析:c句意:实验表明:如果定期进行适量的练习,可以使我们更健康。分析句子结构可知,作为插入成分的if从句采用省略的形式,因为if的主语和前面exercise相同,补全为:if it is carried out regularly。6.every evening after dinner,if not from work, i will spend some time walking my dog.(2009湖南,21)a.being tiredb.tiringc.tiredd.to be tired 剖析:c句意:每天晚饭后,如果我不是工作累的话,我都会花一些时间去遛狗的。在if引导的条件状语从句中,从句中完整形式为if i am not tired from work,根据省略的原则,所以答案选c。考点五 反意疑问句及其他1.there is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, ?(2012江苏,25)a.is thereb.isnt therec.is hed.isnt he剖析:a考查反意疑问句。句意:你几乎相信他是无辜的,是吗?根据前面there be句里含有否定意义的词little,所以反意疑问句用肯定形式,其主语应与陈述部分的主语保持一致,故选a项。2.it doesnt matter if they want to come to your party,?(2011上海,30)a.doesnt itb.does itc.dont theyd.do they剖析:b考查反意疑问句。句意:他们来不来参加聚会没关系,是吧?反意疑问句的基本原则就是与主句主谓保持一致,排除c、d两项;陈述部分为否定,疑问部分则为肯定,故选b项。3. a strange plant! ive never seen it before.(2011辽宁,33)a.whichb.whatc.howd.whether剖析:b考查感叹句。句意:多么奇怪的植物啊!我以前从没见过。本句感叹的是名词,故用what引导。此处为“what+a/an+adj.+n.+it is/was”的省略结构,故b项正确。4.i told them not everybody could run as fast as you did,?(2011重庆,28)a.could heb.didnt ic.didnt youd.could they剖析:b考查反意疑问句。句意:我告诉过他们并不是每个人都能跑得像你那么快,难道不是吗?反意疑问句一般应和主句在人称、形式上保持一致。故选b。5.the shocking news made me realize terrible problems we would face.(2011北京,31)a.whatb.howc.thatd.why剖析:a考查感叹句。句意:这令人震惊的消息使我意识到我们会面临着多么可怕的问题。本题中宾语从句为感叹句“what(+a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语”结构,故答案为a。模拟试题考点一 倒装句1.so absorbed in her work that she didnt realize i was behind her.(2013四川高考模拟)a.did sheb.was shec.she didd.she was剖析:b句意:如此专注于她的工作,她没有意识到我在她后面。在so.that.结构中,若将“so+adj./adv.”置于句首,则其后的主句要用部分倒装。2.do you have any idea what your former boss would say about you? i dont know,.(2013陕西预测八)a.so do i care b.so i dont carec.nor i dont cared.nor do i care 剖析:d句意:你知道你的前任老板会怎么评价你吗?我不知道,我也不在乎。nor位于句首时用部分倒装。nor do i care为承接上一句的否定答语。3.it was announced that only when the fire was under control to return to their homes.(2013陕西预测八)a.the residents would be permittedb.had the residents been permittedc.would the residents be permittedd.the residents had been permitted剖析:c句意:据宣布,只有在火势被控制住的时候居民们才被允许回到家中。that从句中only引导的时间状语从句位于句首时,其主句需用部分倒装结构。4.not until the internet that the chinese sailors were rescued by the european union task force. (2013河南开封市第一次模拟)a.did i surf;did i knowb.did i surf; i knewc .i surfed; did i knowd.i surfed; i had known剖析:c句意:直到上网后我才知道中国的海员被欧盟的军队救了。考查倒装句。not until引导的从句置于句首时,主句需部分倒装。5.not until the taxi disappeared in the distance she had left her handbag on the seat.(2012东北三校联考)a.tina had foundb.had tina foundc.did tina findd.tina found剖析:c句意:直到出租车消失在远方,蒂娜才发现她把手提包忘在座位上了。当“not until+从句”位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装语序,故排除a项和d项。又根据句意可知,把手提包忘在座位上发生在find之前,故b项错误。6.by no means true that all english people know their own language well.(2012北京第一次质检)a.is thatb.that isc.is itd.it is剖析:c句意:所有的英国人都通晓他们自己的语言,这绝不是真的。by no means意为“绝不”,表示否定意义,位于句首时,句子要用倒装结构。本句中的 it是形式主语,真正的主语是 that all english people know their own language well。7.in front of the house with a history of 100 years.(2011山东兖州第一次模拟)a.does a tall tree standb.stands a tall treec.a tall tree is standingd.a tall tree stands剖析:b句意:在房子前面有一棵有着100年历史的大树。本题考查倒装句。in front of是表示方位的介词短语,置于句首且句子主语为名词时,句子需要完全倒装,即谓语动词完全放在主语之前,故选择b项。考点二 强调句1.it was at the unexpected birthday present that she bought from london last week i felt wild with joy.(2013安徽名校联考)a.whereb.thatc.whend.which剖析:b考查强调句。句意:就是她上周从伦敦买回来的意想不到的礼物让我欣喜若狂。去掉it was还原原句可知,被强调部分在句中作状语,表示情感发生的原因。2.was it not until you began to write you should have remembered more words?(2013浙江宁海正学中学月考)a.did you realizeb.that you realizedc.did you not realized.that you didnt realize剖析:b考查强调句。句意:就是直到开始写的时候你才意识到你该记忆更多的单词吗?was it.that强调句的一般疑问句。3.was it when you were studying abroad you first met him in new york?(2013四川成都月考)a.thatb.whenc.whichd.where剖析:a考查强调句型。句意:就是当你在国外学习的时候你第一次在纽约见到他吗?was it.that.是强调句的一般疑问句。4.it was what he meant rather than what he said annoyed me.(2012驻马店一模)a.whichb.asc.whatd.that剖析:d考查强调句。句意:让我生气的不是他说的话,而是他话中的意思。分析句子结构可知,what he meant rather than what he said是被强调部分,故用that。5.it was not until she got to the classroom lily realized she had left her textbook in the dormitory.(2012浙江温州八校联考)a.thatb.wherec.whend.before剖析:a考查强调句型。句意:直到她到了教室,莉莉才意识到她把课本落宿舍里了。分析句子结构可知,被强调部分是not until she got to the classroom,故用that。6.was it in 2008,when a terrible earthquake struck wenchuan, the 29th olympics were held?(2012浙江嘉兴教测一)a.whichb.wherec.whend.that剖析:d考查强调句型。句意:第29届奥运会是在2008年即汶川地震那年举行的吗?分析句子结构可知,该句子对时间状语“in 2008”进行强调,when a terrible earthquake struck wenchuan是非限制性定语从句,空白处用that作强调句的连接词。7.it was not until mum agreed to take her to kfc, was her favourite, the spoiled girl stopped crying.(2011陕西五校一模)a.that;thatb.which;whichc.that;which d.which;that剖析:d句意:直到妈妈同意带她去她最喜欢的肯德基,这个被宠坏的小女孩才停止哭泣。本句强调的是 not until mum agreed to take her to kfc,which was her favourite是非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 kfc.考点三 主谓一致1.part of the family out on holiday. they are supposed to be back at the end of this month.(2013浙江综合能力测试七)a.isb.arec.wasd.were剖析:b句意:这家人有一部分出去度假了。他们应该在本月底回来。family这里指家人,再根据后面的“they are”选b项。2.jeremy rather than his friends for the accident.absolutely.he shouldnt have driven after being drunk.(2013安徽名校联考)a.are to be blamedb.are to be blamec.is to blamed.is to be blamed剖析:c句意:jeremy而不是他朋友们因为事故受到责备。绝对地。他不应该酒后驾车。rather than在引导并列主语时,谓语与最前面的主语一致。blame无被动语态,故选c。3.more than 20 cars of the new type in the first three days after its launch last saturday. (2013上海黄浦区一模)a.sold b.has soldc.were soldd.has been selling 剖析:c句意:20多辆这款新型的车在上周六推出后的头三天就卖出了。主语不是type而是cars,所以谓语动词用复数。故选c。4. children whose parents had died in the earthquake sent to other families.(2013陕西预测八)a.a great number of;wasb.a large number of;werec.the great number of;wasd.the great number of; were剖析:b句意:父母都死于地震中的许多孩子被送到其他家庭。the number of“的数量”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数;a number of“许多;大量的”后面跟可数名词复数,作主语时,谓语动词用复数。故选b项。5.paper the fibres of plants for many years. (2013洪泽中学期初考试)a.has been made fromb.have been made out ofc.has made up ofd.have been made into 剖析:a句意:用植物纤维造纸已经多年了。paper是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。在看不出成品是由何物质构成时,应选用be made from,若看得出就应选用be made of。在题中由于paper看不出由什么物质构成,故选a。6.“occupy wall street” protests, which started in new york in mid-september and to dozens of us cities, have shown the anger of americans over the economic problems.(2012太原模考)a.has spreadb.will spreadc.have spreadd.had spread剖析:c句意:“占领华尔街”运动是9月中旬在纽约发起的,已经蔓延到了很多美国城市,这些抗议表明了美国人对经济问题的愤怒。本句的主语是 protests,所以谓语动词用复数,且表示的是对现在造成的影响,因此用现在完成时。7.did you go to the show last night?yeah. every boy and every girl in the area invited.(2012成都外国语学校月考)a.wereb.have beenc.has beend.was剖析:d句意:昨天晚上你去了那个表演秀吗?是的。那个区所有的男孩女孩都被邀请了。根据问句可知用一般过去时态,排除b项和c项。当 and连接几个主语,主语由 each,every,no,many a等词修饰时,谓语动词要用单数。8.forty percent of the land in the village been flooded and the majority of the villagers moved to saf